Public Domain Sharing Patents And Fees Resulting From Research Involving Genetic Databases
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Public Domain Sharing Patents And Fees Resulting From Research Involving Genetic Databases
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Author : Andrea Boggio
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Public Domain Sharing Patents And Fees Resulting From Research Involving Genetic Databases written by Andrea Boggio and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
The paper is a draft chapter of a forthcoming book discussing the ethical and legal issues of human genetic databases. Reporting data collected as part of a qualitative research project, the present chapter discusses some aspects of the commercialization of genetic research. In addressing the commercialization debate, we focus on three areas: the obligation to put data in the public domain; patenting rights and publicly funded research; and, the admissibility of fees imposed on researchers using a repository. The findings of this study suggest that commercialization is a very controversial topic. The different views are difficult to reconcile because they reflect substantial disagreements about the basic purpose of scientific research and the appropriate conditions for its conduct. Therefore, the debate on patenting rights and commercial exploitation of genetic research is not easily settled. Indeed controversies may well heat up in the future, given the increasing need for studies involving multiple populations in different regions of the world.
Ethical Issues In Governing Biobanks
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Author : Nikola Biller-Andorno
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-05-13
Ethical Issues In Governing Biobanks written by Nikola Biller-Andorno and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-13 with Science categories.
Population genomics research drawing on genetic databases has expanded rapidly, with some of this information being combined in 'biobanks'. Managing this information in an appropriate way is a highly complex ethical issue in the health policy arena. This book combines theoretical and empirical research to analyze the areas of conflict and consensus in the regulatory and ethical frameworks that have been developed to govern biobanks. Ethicists from the Department of Ethics, Trade, Human Rights and Health Law (ETH) of the World Health Organization, the Institute of Biomedical Ethics of Geneva University and the Institute of Biomedical Ethics of the University of Zurich, with the support of the Geneva International Academic Network (GIAN), examine the conditions under which genetic databases can be established, kept, and made use of in an ethically acceptable way. In addition to a comprehensive review of the scientific literature and a comparative analysis of existing normative frameworks, they present the results of in-depth interviews with experts around the world concerning the most unresolved and controversial issues. The results of that study, combined with their normative analysis, leads to recommendations for a better international framework.
Biotechnological Inventions
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Author : Oliver Mills
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-04-15
Biotechnological Inventions written by Oliver Mills and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-15 with Law categories.
Advances in modern biotechnology have produced profound and far-reaching implications for the relationship between humans, animals and the environment. As a result, a debate has arisen surrounding the legal, moral and social problems connected with this technology, a central part of the debate focusing on the role of moral considerations in the patent system as a form of regulation. This fully revised and updated book examines this role and asks why in the context of biotechnological inventions, morality has become an important issue. It takes account of recent developments, including reference to the situation in Australia. By examining such specific recent cases, the author elucidates the moral concerns associated with modern biotechnology, thus providing an important contribution to the debate and a valuable resource for all those working in this exciting field.
The Role Of Scientific And Technical Data And Information In The Public Domain
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2003-09-29
The Role Of Scientific And Technical Data And Information In The Public Domain written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-09-29 with Science categories.
This symposium brought together leading experts and managers from the public and private sectors who are involved in the creation, dissemination, and use of scientific and technical data and information (STI) to: (1) describe and discuss the role and the benefits and costsâ€"both economic and otherâ€"of the public domain in STI in the research and education context, (2) to identify and analyze the legal, economic, and technological pressures on the public domain in STI in research and education, (3) describe and discuss existing and proposed approaches to preserving the public domain in STI in the United States, and (4) identify issues that may require further analysis.
Biotechnological Inventions
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Author : Dr Oliver Mills
language : en
Publisher: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
Release Date : 2013-02-28
Biotechnological Inventions written by Dr Oliver Mills and has been published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-28 with Law categories.
Advances in modern biotechnology have produced profound and far-reaching implications for the relationship between humans, animals and the environment. As a result, a debate has arisen surrounding the legal, moral and social problems connected with this technology, a central part of the debate focusing on the role of moral considerations in the patent system as a form of regulation. This fully revised and updated book examines this role and asks why in the context of biotechnological inventions, morality has become an important issue. It takes account of recent developments, including reference to the situation in Australia. By examining such specific recent cases, the author elucidates the moral concerns associated with modern biotechnology, thus providing an important contribution to the debate and a valuable resource for all those working in this exciting field.
Reaping The Benefits Of Genomic And Proteomic Research
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2006-04-09
Reaping The Benefits Of Genomic And Proteomic Research written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-04-09 with Science categories.
The patenting and licensing of human genetic material and proteins represents an extension of intellectual property (IP) rights to naturally occurring biological material and scientific information, much of it well upstream of drugs and other disease therapies. This report concludes that IP restrictions rarely impose significant burdens on biomedical research, but there are reasons to be apprehensive about their future impact on scientific advances in this area. The report recommends 13 actions that policy-makers, courts, universities, and health and patent officials should take to prevent the increasingly complex web of IP protections from getting in the way of potential breakthroughs in genomic and proteomic research. It endorses the National Institutes of Health guidelines for technology licensing, data sharing, and research material exchanges and says that oversight of compliance should be strengthened. It recommends enactment of a statutory exception from infringement liability for research on a patented invention and raising the bar somewhat to qualify for a patent on upstream research discoveries in biotechnology. With respect to genetic diagnostic tests to detect patient mutations associated with certain diseases, the report urges patent holders to allow others to perform the tests for purposes of verifying the results.
Wipo Unep Study On The Role Of Intellectual Property Rights In The Sharing Of Benefits Arising From The Use Of Biological Resources And Associated Traditional Knowledge
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Author : Anil K. Gupta (professor.)
language : en
Publisher: WIPO
Release Date : 2004
Wipo Unep Study On The Role Of Intellectual Property Rights In The Sharing Of Benefits Arising From The Use Of Biological Resources And Associated Traditional Knowledge written by Anil K. Gupta (professor.) and has been published by WIPO this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Law categories.
The objective of this study is to identify and explore the role of intellectual property rights in sharing the benefits arising from the use of biological resources and associated traditional knowledge. It was commissioned in response to Decision IV/9 of the Conference of the Parties to the Conventional on Biological Diversity, and highlights the need, when genetic resources are first accessed, for a understanding of intellectual property issues, as they relate to traditional knowledge of biological resources.
Owning The Genome
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Author : David B. Resnik
language : en
Publisher: State University of New York Press
Release Date : 2012-02-01
Owning The Genome written by David B. Resnik and has been published by State University of New York Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-02-01 with Science categories.
DNA patenting has emerged as a hot topic in science policy and bioethics as private companies and government agencies spend billions of dollars on genetic research and development in a race to identify, sequence, and analyze DNA from human, animal, and plant species. David B. Resnik's Owning the Genome explores the ethical, social, philosophical, theological, and policy issues surrounding DNA patenting and develops a comprehensive approach to the topic. Resnik considers arguments for and against DNA patenting and concludes that only a patent on a whole human genome would be inherently immoral, while the morality of other DNA patents depends on their consequences for science, medicine, agriculture, industry, and society. He also stresses the importance of government regulations and policies in order to minimize the harmful effects of patenting while promoting the beneficial ones.
Creation And Governance Of Human Genetic Research Databases
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2006-10-25
Creation And Governance Of Human Genetic Research Databases written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-10-25 with categories.
Summarises proceedings of a conference looking at examples of human genetic research databases, how they are established, how they are managed and governed, how they might be commercialised, and what the policy considerations might be.
Gene Patents And Other Genomic Inventions
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Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Courts and Intellectual Property
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Gene Patents And Other Genomic Inventions written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Courts and Intellectual Property and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Biotechnology categories.