Public Preferences And Institutional Designs
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Public Preferences And Institutional Designs
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Author : Niva Golan-Nadir
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-12-10
Public Preferences And Institutional Designs written by Niva Golan-Nadir and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-12-10 with Law categories.
This book explores the existence of gaps between public preferences and institutional designs in democracies, and specifically cases in which such gaps are maintained for a long period of time without being challenged by the electorate. Gaps such as these can be seen in the complex relations between the state and religion in Israel and Turkey, and more specifically in their policies on marriage. This line of investigation is interesting both theoretically and empirically, as despite their poles apart policies, Israel and Turkey share a similar pattern of institutional dynamics. Existing explanations for this phenomenon suggested either civil society-based arguments or intra-institutional dynamics, as reasons for the maintenance of such gaps. This book enriches our understanding of policy dynamics in democratic systems by introducing a third line of argument, one that emphasizes the effective role state institutions play in maintaining such arrangements for long periods, often against the public will.
The Theory Of Institutional Design
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Author : Robert E. Goodin
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1998-06-18
The Theory Of Institutional Design written by Robert E. Goodin and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-06-18 with Political Science categories.
This volume illustrates and synthesizes new theories of institutional design recently developed by scholars across a range of disciplines.
Designing Public Policies
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Author : Michael Howlett
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-01-18
Designing Public Policies written by Michael Howlett and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-18 with Political Science categories.
The second edition of this highly regarded book provides a concise and accessible introduction to the principles and elements of policy design in contemporary governance. It examines in detail the range of substantive and procedural policy instruments that together comprise the toolbox from which governments choose tools to resolve policy problems and the principles and practices that lead to their use. Guiding readers through the study of the many different kinds of instruments used by governments in carrying out their tasks, adapting to, and altering, their environments, this book: Discusses current trends in instrument use linked to factors such as globalization and the increasingly networked, digital and collaborative nature of modern society; Considers the principles and practices behind the selection and use of specific types of instruments in contemporary government and the future research agenda of policy design studies and practices; Evaluates in detail the merits, demerits and rationales for the use of specific organization, regulatory, financial and information-based tools and the trends visible in their use including recent efforts to develop and deploy new tools such as nudges and choice architectures, co-production and crowd-sourcing; Addresses the issues surrounding not only individual tools but also concerning the evolution and development of instrument mixes, their relationship to policy styles and the challenges involved in their (re)design. Providing a comprehensive overview of this essential component of modern governance and featuring helpful definitions of key concepts and further reading, this book is essential reading for all students of public policy, administration and management.
Public Epistemic Authority
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Author : Johann Moritz Laux
language : en
Publisher: Mohr Siebeck
Release Date : 2022-06-29
Public Epistemic Authority written by Johann Moritz Laux and has been published by Mohr Siebeck this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-29 with Law categories.
Inter- and supranational courts derive their legitimacy partly from an institutional comparison: judges' legal expertise and the quality of judicial procedures justify a court's claim to authority towards other branches of government and other courts with overlapping jurisdiction. To provide a benchmark for assessing judicial outcomes that is compatible with democratic commitments, Johann Laux suggests a new normative category, Public Epistemic Authority (PEA). It builds on the mechanisms behind theories of collective intelligence and empirical research on judicial decision-making. PEA tracks judges' collective ability to reliably identify breaches of law. It focuses on cognitive tasks in adjudication. The author applies PEA to the Court of Justice of the European Union and offers suggestions for improving its institutional design.
Decision Making Institutions And Voters Preferences For Public Policies
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Author : Sergio Galletta
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Decision Making Institutions And Voters Preferences For Public Policies written by Sergio Galletta and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
This paper examines the effect of local political decision-making institutions (i.e., direct democracy vs. representative democracy) on citizens' preferences toward public spending. Exogenous variation in institutions comes from a regression discontinuity design, which exploits a discrete change in the probability that a municipality has representative democracy based on a legally stipulated population threshold in the Swiss canton (state) of Vaud. Policies preferences by municipality are measured by vote shares on Swiss national referendums and initiatives that, if approved, would have increased public spending. Relative to direct democracy, representative democracy reduces vote shares in favor of spending by around 5 percentage points. The effect is unlikely due to sorting on other observables or to feedback from changes in local policies. These findings demonstrate the importance of preferences as a channel through which political decision-making institutions can affect public policies.
Accountability And Institutional Design
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Author : Jerry Louis Mashaw
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Accountability And Institutional Design written by Jerry Louis Mashaw and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.
Accountability is a protean concept, a placeholder for multiple contemporary anxieties. Public concern about the unaccountability of bureaucrats, corporations, supranational institutions and privatized governmental services - to name but a few targets - is ubiquitous. Accountability is surely a problem. But exactly what sort of problem? And what accountability structures would suffice to assure the public that the behavior of a multitude of powerful actors is subject to effective oversight and control. This essay begins by unpacking accountability to demonstrate that accountability talk is at base talk about the answer to six linked questions whose answers form the basic building blocks of what I will refer to as accountability regimes. These questions take on multiple meanings in diverse contexts, but my claim is that they are a set of questions that must be addressed to make sense of any claim about the efficacy of accountability. I then present a partial taxonomy of accountability regimes. This taxonomic exercise provides a basic map of the choices available to institutional designers (or institutional critics) when addressing accountability questions. It also begins to illustrate why institutional design issues are at base a set of choices among competing, overlapping and inevitably unsatisfactory, accountability regimes. Part III, illustrates the way this conceptual framework of accountability, a sort of grammar of governance for addressing accountability issues, can be deployed in a contemporary arena of increasing importance and widespread dispute: contracted out governance. This section looks at the accountability concerns that contracting out generates and sets those anxieties within a framework of long-standing debates about the relative roles of government, the market, and civil society in pursuing collective projects. This sets the stage for an exercise in auditing the accountability books - a demonstration of how accountability issues might be analyzed systematically within the context of a specific, contracted out governmental system. This audit illustrates how the taxonomy helps reveal the complex of accountability issues that can arise in a highly contracted out system, along with some of the difficulties and unanticipated accountability consequences of particular design choices. Finally, the Conclusion addresses an issue that lurks beneath the surface of the whole discussion: How should we assess the acceptability of particular accountability arrangements? The point here is not to suggest that, if we get the normative stance, right we can always solve our accountability problems through clever institutional design. It illustrates instead that once we get the analytics or grammar of accountability reasonably straight, and understand the basic purposes of different forms of accountability, we can then see more clearly what many accountability disputes really entail. For, at base, much of the dispute about accountability is a dispute about what particular institutions are meant to do, not how accountable they are in the doing of it.
Public Preferences And Institutional Designs
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Author : Niva Golan-Nadir
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Public Preferences And Institutional Designs written by Niva Golan-Nadir and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
A Need For Control Political Trust And Public Preferences For Asylum And Refugee Policy
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Author : Anne-Marie Jeannet
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
A Need For Control Political Trust And Public Preferences For Asylum And Refugee Policy written by Anne-Marie Jeannet and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
Political trust matters for citizens' policy preferences but existing research has not yet considered whether this effect depends on how policies are designed. To fill this gap, this article analyses whether and how policy design and political trust interact in shaping people's policy preferences. We theorise that policy controls such as limits and conditions can function as safeguards against uncertainty, thereby compensating for a person's lack of trust in political institutions in generating support for policy provision. Focusing on the case of public preferences for asylum and refugee policy, our empirical analysis is based on an original conjoint experiment with 12,000 respondents across eight European countries. Our results show that individuals' trust in the political institutions of the European Union has a central role in the formation of their asylum and refugee policy preferences. Individuals with lower levels of political trust in European institutions are less supportive of asylum and refugee policies that provide expansive, unlimited, or unconditional protection and more supportive of policies with highly restrictive features. We also demonstrate that even politically distrusting individuals can systematically support policies that provide protection and assistance to refugees if there are limits or conditions on policy provision. We conclude by discussing the relevance of our findings to theoretical understandings of the role of political trust in the formation of individuals' policy preferences.
Institutional Design
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Author : David L. Weimer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1995-03-31
Institutional Design written by David L. Weimer and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995-03-31 with Business & Economics categories.
Policy scientists have long been concerned with understanding the basic tools, or instruments, that governments can use to accomplish their goals. The initial interest in inductively developing comprehensive lists of generic instruments for policy analysis soon gave way to efforts to discover more parsimonious, but still useful, specifications of the elementary components out of which instruments can be assembled. Moving from a generic instrument to a fully specified policy alternative, however, requires the designer to go much beyond the elementary components. Rather than directly specifying some of these details, the designer may instead set the rules by which they will be specified. The creation of these specifications and rules can be thought of as institutional design. This book helps scholars and policy analysts formulate more effective policy alternatives by a better understanding of institutional design. The feasibility and effectiveness of policies depend on the political, economic, and social contexts in which they are embedded. These contexts provide an environment of existing institutions that offer opportunities and barriers to institutional design. A fundamental understanding of institutional design requires theories of institutions and institutional change. With a resurgence of interest in institutions in recent years, there are many possible sources of theory. The contributors to this volume draw from the variety of sources to identify implications for understanding institutional design.
International Law And The Public
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Author : Geoffrey P. R. Wallace
language : en
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Release Date : 2024-08-15
International Law And The Public written by Geoffrey P. R. Wallace and has been published by Cornell University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-08-15 with Law categories.
In International Law and the Public, Geoffrey P.R. Wallace investigates the public as a crucial, often overlooked, actor in international law. He asks just who is it that counts in the operation of the international legal order. Defying conventional wisdom that sees governments, leaders, generals, lawyers, or elites from the upper echelons of society as the main international legal players, Wallace advances a "popular international law" where ordinary people are considered important legal actors in their own right alongside the usual focus on elites. Far from powerless or unwitting, publics possess both the cognitive and material capacities to understand and contribute to the intricacies of international legal rules. Combining rigorous theorizing with wide-ranging evidence, International Law and the Public is an account of an international legal politics from below, taking seriously the place of ordinary people in international affairs.