Pulmonary Hypertension Ecab
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Pulmonary Hypertension Ecab
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Author : Sheila Glennis Haworth
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
Release Date : 2008-12-26
Pulmonary Hypertension Ecab written by Sheila Glennis Haworth and has been published by Elsevier Health Sciences this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-12-26 with Medical categories.
Pulmonary hypertension is defined as a mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) ≥25 mmHg, with Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure ≤ 15 mmHg, measured by cardiac catheterization. The etiology of PH has a varied spectrum extending right from Drugs, toxins and portal hypertension to HIV, Collagen Vascular Diseases and Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of Newborn, etc. The estimation of disease prevalence has been nearly impossible owing to the geographic distribution and economic diversity, along with significant regional variations in human development and healthcare infrastructure. A large number of patients with PH never reach the health centers capable of diagnosing the disease condition correctly. Advance pulmonary vascular disease as a result of uncorrected CHD is a major health challenge in the developing world. PH exists as a major component of many forms of cardiac and pulmonary disease. While breathlessness is the most common feature of PH, patients often also present with chest pain, syncope, fatigue, weakness and abdominal distension. The precordial signs include a right ventricular lift, accentuated pulmonary component of S2, a pansystolic murmur of Tricuspid regurgitation, a diastolic murmur of pulmonary regurgitation and a right ventricular S3. The standard diagnostic workup in developed countries includes a series of investigations to rule out the secondary causes. Additional tests are required to estimate the disease severity and plan the appropriate treatment. These include the cardiac catheterization, selective pulmonary angiography by direct injection of pulmonary arteries, high resolution CT scan, cardiac magnetic resonance, ABGs, nocturnal O2 saturation, etc. While most of the basic management is feasible in the Indian conditions, most of the newly introduced drugs are either not available or are available at costs that far exceed the paying capacity of an average citizen of a developing economy. An underdeveloped health insurance system adds further to the financial burden of the treatment. Measures like formulation of guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of PAH, educating clinicians and scientists and making medications affordable to poor patients might ensue a breakthrough in the overall management of pulmonary hypertension.
Acute Coronary Syndrome Ecab
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Author : R R Kasliwal
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
Release Date : 2012-07-26
Acute Coronary Syndrome Ecab written by R R Kasliwal and has been published by Elsevier Health Sciences this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-07-26 with Medical categories.
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is the term for the clinical signs and symptoms of myocardial ischemia: unstable angina, non–ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Unstable angina and NSTEMI normally result from a partially or intermittently occluded coronary artery, whereas STEMI results from a fully occluded coronary artery. The patients present with a wide arena of signs and symptoms like chest pain, nausea/vomiting, exertional pain, palpitation, shortness of breath, fatigue, etc. Angina, or chest pain, continues to be recognized as the classic symptom of ACS. In unstable angina, chest pain normally occurs either at rest or with exertion and results in limited activity. Chest pain associated with NSTEMI is usually longer in duration and more severe than chest pain associated with unstable angina. The diagnosis of ACS is based on triad of clinical presentation, electrocardiography and cardiac biomarkers. Electrocardiography is the most important initial diagnostic procedure when doctors suspect an acute coronary syndrome. Findings on a 12-lead ECG help the practitioner to differentiate between myocardial ischemia, injury, and infarction, locate the affected area and assess related conduction abnormalities. But at the same front, the definition of unstable angina, NSTEMI and STEMI is based on the levels of cardiac biomarkers too. Acute coronary syndromes are medical emergencies that need prompt action. Half of deaths due to a heart attack occur in the first 3–4 hours after symptoms begin. The sooner treatment begins, the better the chances of survival. Anyone having symptoms that might indicate an acute coronary syndrome should obtain prompt medical attention. Management of ACS involves a spectrum of interventions. It encompasses cardiac monitoring, thrombolysis, antiplatelet therapy, anticoagulant therapy, reperfusion therapy and invasive investigation and revascularization therapy. Reperfusion therapy (percutaneous coronary intervention) mainly holds for the ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Prognosis of the ACS patients depends on the post-myocardial risk stratification. The main highlights of risk stratification are risk stratification scores, assessment of cardiac function and stress testing, and management.
Left To Right Shunts Ecab
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Author : Nagaraj Desai
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
Release Date : 2012-07-05
Left To Right Shunts Ecab written by Nagaraj Desai and has been published by Elsevier Health Sciences this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-07-05 with Medical categories.
Patients born with cardiac defects need to be identified early and the severity of symptoms also needs to be identified. In children with larger defects or with more symptoms, early institution of treatment is warranted, since in absence of treatment, the disease progresses to pulmonary hypertension and a simple pathology gets complicated. Presence of congestive cardiac failure in infancy or of pulmonary artery hypertension is indication for early surgical treatment (prior to 6 months of age). Untreated ASD may at times allow the child to grow and reach adulthood, but can cause complications in adulthood also. These issues related to understanding of natural history of the shunts and its implications in management decisions need to be addressed in clear terms. Also the role and timing of surgical therapy need to be emphasized. This book is designed to address such questions with supportive clinical scenarios. Thus, it provides an excellent opportunity to widen one’s perspective in this area.
Decisions Of The Employees Compensation Appeals Board
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Author : United States. Employees' Compensation Appeals Board
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Decisions Of The Employees Compensation Appeals Board written by United States. Employees' Compensation Appeals Board and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Employers' liability categories.
Digest And Decisions Of The Employees Compensation Appeals Board
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Author : United States. Employees' Compensation Appeals Board
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Digest And Decisions Of The Employees Compensation Appeals Board written by United States. Employees' Compensation Appeals Board and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Employers' liability categories.
Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 5
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Author : Dorairaj Prabhakaran
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2017-11-17
Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 5 written by Dorairaj Prabhakaran and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-17 with Medical categories.
Cardiovascular, respiratory, and related conditions cause more than 40 percent of all deaths globally, and their substantial burden is rising, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Their burden extends well beyond health effects to include significant economic and societal consequences. Most of these conditions are related, share risk factors, and have common control measures at the clinical, population, and policy levels. Lives can be extended and improved when these diseases are prevented, detected, and managed. This volume summarizes current knowledge and presents evidence-based interventions that are effective, cost-effective, and scalable in LMICs.
Acute Cholecystitis
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Author : Soumitra R. Eachempati
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-08-20
Acute Cholecystitis written by Soumitra R. Eachempati and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-08-20 with Medical categories.
This text covers all aspects of the current diagnosis and treatment of acute cholecystitis. Different diagnostic tests are discussed as well as the preoperative evaluation needed to initiate treatment. Other sections include the management of acute cholecystitis in the critically ill and elderly patients, recent advances in operative strategies that have further altered the treatment of acute cholecystitis, and the utilization of routine intraoperative cholangiography and its relative merits. Primarily intended for general surgeons and residents training in general surgery, Acute Cholecystitis will also serve as a comprehensive reference material for other health care providers, including primary care providers, mid-level nurse practitioners, emergency room physicians and medical students.
Public Safety Officers Benefits Act
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Public Safety Officers Benefits Act written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Employee fringe benefits categories.
Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Electronic government information categories.
Hospitals And Borders
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Author : Centers of Disease Control
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2013
Hospitals And Borders written by Centers of Disease Control and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Medical categories.
This volume examines why hospitals collaborate with each other and with other health care actors across borders in Europe. Cross-border hospital collaboration is not a new phenomenon but began to receive increased attention in the first decade of the 21st century in the context of European debates on patient mobility, the impact of European Union (EU) integration on national health systems and the particular situation of border regions. In this context, the role of health care providers stands out: while physically anchored in the health system that funds and regulates them, hospitals in border regions often witness or initiate cross-border movements of patients and health professionals.