Radiation Exposure From Pacific Nuclear Tests
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Radiation Exposure From Pacific Nuclear Tests
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Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Natural Resources. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
Radiation Exposure From Pacific Nuclear Tests written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Natural Resources. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with History categories.
Assessment Of The Scientific Information For The Radiation Exposure Screening And Education Program
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2005-10-01
Assessment Of The Scientific Information For The Radiation Exposure Screening And Education Program written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-10-01 with Science categories.
The Radiation Exposure Compensation Act (RECA) was set up by Congress in 1990 to compensate people who have been diagnosed with specified cancers and chronic diseases that could have resulted from exposure to nuclear-weapons tests at various U.S. test sites. Eligible claimants include civilian onsite participants, downwinders who lived in areas currently designated by RECA, and uranium workers and ore transporters who meet specified residence or exposure criteria. The Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), which oversees the screening, education, and referral services program for RECA populations, asked the National Academies to review its program and assess whether new scientific information could be used to improve its program and determine if additional populations or geographic areas should be covered under RECA. The report recommends Congress should establish a new science-based process using a method called "probability of causation/assigned share" (PC/AS) to determine eligibility for compensation. Because fallout may have been higher for people outside RECA-designated areas, the new PC/AS process should apply to all residents of the continental US, Alaska, Hawaii, and overseas US territories who have been diagnosed with specific RECA-compensable diseases and who may have been exposed, even in utero, to radiation from U.S. nuclear-weapons testing fallout. However, because the risks of radiation-induced disease are generally low at the exposure levels of concern in RECA populations, in most cases it is unlikely that exposure to radioactive fallout was a substantial contributing cause of cancer.
Health Aspects Of Nuclear Weapons Testing
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Author : Gordon M. Dunning
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1964
Health Aspects Of Nuclear Weapons Testing written by Gordon M. Dunning and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1964 with Nuclear weapons categories.
This pamphlet is concerned principally with the health aspects of nuclear weapons testing in the atmosphere. Nothing new is contained herein and much has been omitted for brevity. The pamphlet does attempt to bring together the highlights of a large body of information and thus in some small way may assist in further enlightenment of a complex subject.
Consequential Damages Of Nuclear War
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Author : Barbara Rose Johnston
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-03-26
Consequential Damages Of Nuclear War written by Barbara Rose Johnston and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-26 with Social Science categories.
The hydrogen test-bomb Bravo, dropped on the Marshall Islands in 1954, had enormous consequences for the Rongelap people. Anthropologists Barbara Rose Johnston and Holly Barker provide incontrovertible evidence of physical and financial damages to individuals and cultural and psycho-social damages to the community through use of declassified government documents, oral histories and ethnographic research, conducted with the Marshallese community within a unique collaborative framework. Their work helped produce a $1 billion award by the Nuclear Claims Tribunal and raises issues of bioethics, government secrecy, human rights, military testing, and academic activism. The report, reproduced here with accompanying materials, should be read by everyone concerned with the effects of nuclear war and is an essential text for courses in history, environmental studies, bioethics, human rights, and related subjects.
Health Aspects Of Nuclear Weapons Testing
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Author : U.S. Atomic Energy Commission
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1964
Health Aspects Of Nuclear Weapons Testing written by U.S. Atomic Energy Commission and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1964 with Nuclear weapons categories.
Nuclear Tests
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Author : Charles S. Shapiro
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2012-11-02
Nuclear Tests written by Charles S. Shapiro and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-11-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This volume focuses on the human exposures and medical effects studies in the SemipaiatinskJ Altai region of Siberia that were a consequence of the radioactive fallout from nuclear test explosions that took place at the Semipalatinsk Test Site of the former Soviet Union. It contains a detailed account of a NATO Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) devoted to the subject, and a selection of the papers presented. The title of the ARW was "Long-term Consequences of Nuclear Tests for the Environment and Population Health (SemipaiatinskJAltai Case Studies)". The estimated exposures to large numbers of people in the Altai lie in an important dose rate and dose domain. Hence the research reported herein provides new and unique information on the effects of radiation on humans. Also emphasized at the ARW were studies involving fallout from the Pacific Island tests of the U. S. A . . There have been over 2300 nuclear weapon test explosions to date. More than 500 took place in the atmosphere and outer space; the remainder were underground. The atmospheric tests comprise the largest source of anthropogenic radioactivity released into the earth's atmosphere to date. The vast majority, in number and yield, were carried out by the former Soviet Union (FSU) and the United States. Each superpower maintained two primary test sites, one continental primarily for small yield tests, and the other more remote for larger yield tests. For the U. S. A.
Exposure Of The American People To Iodine 131 From Nevada Nuclear Bomb Tests
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Author : Committee on Thyroid Screening Related to I-131 Exposure
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1999-05-31
Exposure Of The American People To Iodine 131 From Nevada Nuclear Bomb Tests written by Committee on Thyroid Screening Related to I-131 Exposure and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-05-31 with Science categories.
In 1997, after more than a decade of research, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) released a report which provided their assessment of radiation exposures that Americans may have received from radioactive iodine released from the atomic bomb tests conducted in Nevada during the 1950s and early 1960s. This book provides an evaluation of the soundness of the methodology used by the NCI study to estimate: Past radiation doses. Possible health consequences of exposure to iodine-131. Implications for clinical practice. Possible public health strategies--such as systematic screening for thyroid cancer--to respond to the exposures. In addition, the book provides an evaluation of the NCI estimates of the number of thyroid cancers that might result from the nuclear testing program and provides guidance on approaches the U.S. government might use to communicate with the public about Iodine-131 exposures and health risks.
Adverse Reproductive Outcomes In Families Of Atomic Veterans
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1995-07-17
Adverse Reproductive Outcomes In Families Of Atomic Veterans written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995-07-17 with Medical categories.
Over the past several decades, public concern over exposure to ionizing radiation has increased. This concern has manifested itself in different ways depending on the perception of risk to different individuals and different groups and the circumstances of their exposure. One such group are those U.S. servicemen (the "Atomic Veterans" who participated in the atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons at the Nevada Test Site or in the Pacific Proving Grounds, who served with occupation forces in or near Hiroshima and Nagasaki, or who were prisoners of war in or near those cities at the time of, or shortly after, the atomic bombings. This book addresses the feasibility of conducting an epidemiologic study to determine if there is an increased risk of adverse reproductive outcomes in the spouses, children, and grandchildren of the Atomic Veterans.
A Review Of The Dose Reconstruction Program Of The Defense Threat Reduction Agency
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2003-08-21
A Review Of The Dose Reconstruction Program Of The Defense Threat Reduction Agency written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-08-21 with Nature categories.
From 1945 through 1962, the US atmospheric nuclear weapons testing program involved hundreds of thousands of military and civilian personnel, and some of them were exposed to ionizing radiation. Veterans' groups have since been concerned that their members' health was affected by radiation exposure associated with participation in nuclear tests and have pressured Congress for disability compensation. Several pieces of legislation have been passed to compensate both military and civilian personnel for such health effects. Veterans' concerns about the accuracy of reconstructed doses prompted Congress to have the General Accounting Office (GAO) review the dose reconstruction program used to estimate exposure. The GAO study concluded that dose reconstruction is a valid method of estimating radiation dose and could be used as the basis of compensation. It also recommended an independent review of the dose reconstruction program. The result of that recommendation was a congressional mandate that the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA), a part of the Department of Defense, ask the National Research Council to conduct an independent review of the dose reconstruction program. In response to that request, the National Research Council established the Committee to Review the Dose Reconstruction Program of the Defense Threat Reduction Agency in the Board on Radiation Effects Research (BRER). The committee randomly selected sample records of doses that had been reconstructed by DTRA and carefully evaluated them. The committee's report describes its findings and provides responses to many of the questions that have been raised by the veterans.
Day Of Two Suns
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Author : Jane Dibblin
language : en
Publisher: New Amsterdam Books
Release Date : 1998-04-21
Day Of Two Suns written by Jane Dibblin and has been published by New Amsterdam Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-04-21 with History categories.
Between 1946 and 1958, the U.S. conducted some 66 nuclear bomb tests in the Marshall Islands. In 1959, this scattering of coral atolls was again chosen as the testing site for a new generation of weapons—long-range missiles fired in the U.S. Then in 1984 a missile fired from California was intercepted by one from Kwajalein atoll: SDI, or Star Wars, was declared a realizable dream. As military researcher Owen Wilkes has noted: "If we could shut down the Pacific Missile Range, we could cut off half the momentum of the nuclear race." This is the story of the preparations for war which every day impinge on tire lives of Pacific Islanders caught on the cutting edge of the nuclear arms race. It is the story of a displaced people contaminated by nuclear fallout, forcibly resettled as their own islands become uninhabitable, and reduced to lives of poverty, ill-health, and dependence. It is also a stirring account of the Marshall Islanders themselves, of their resilience and protest, and of their attempts to seek redress in the courts. It is a shocking and timely study.