Rationality In An Uncertain World
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Rational Choice In An Uncertain World
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Author : Reid Hastie
language : en
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Release Date : 2009-11-17
Rational Choice In An Uncertain World written by Reid Hastie and has been published by SAGE Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-11-17 with Psychology categories.
"The authors are highly respected as leading figures in the field of judgment and decision making. There are many existing books on topics related to judgment and decision making, but this book makes a unique contribution to this field because of its systematic and scholarly approach, and its breadth of coverage." —Robert Goldstone, Indiana University "Reid Hastie and Robyn Dawes are two of the most eminent researchers in the field. I know these authors to be excellent writers and I have no doubt that their writing style will be suitable for my students." —William Goldstein, University of Chicago In the new edition of this award-winning text, renowned authors Reid Hastie and Robyn Dawes compare and contrast the basic principles of rationality with actual behavior in making decisions. This book explores theories and research findings from the field of judgment and decision making in a non-technical manner, using anecdotes as a teaching device. Intended as an introductory textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, the material not only is of scholarly interest but is practical as well. New to This Edition Chapter introductions, conclusions, and cross-references between chapters make the text more student friendly An abundance of examples from areas such as finance, medicine, law, and engineering anchor concepts to the real world Increased consideration of descriptive, psychological models of decision making augment the original emphasis on normative, rational, "Expected Utility Theory" models, bring the book up to date Balance among the three major approaches to judgment and decision making: cognitive psychological analyses of mental processes and heuristics, descriptive algebraic models of judgment and decision processes, and rational models of decision making
Rationality In An Uncertain World
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Author : Gerhard Banse
language : en
Publisher: edition sigma
Release Date : 2005
Rationality In An Uncertain World written by Gerhard Banse and has been published by edition sigma this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Business & Economics categories.
Die Beiträge dieses Bandes, der aus dem ersten Symposium des ”Forum on Sustainable Technological Development in a Globalising World“ in Budapest hervorgegangen ist, widmen sich zwei Problemstellungen: Erstens der Möglichkeit rationaler Entscheidungen im Bereich technischer Entwicklung unter den Bedingungen von Ungewißheit (”uncertainty“), d.h. dem Verständnis von, dem Leben in und dem Umgang mit einer ”ungewissen“ Welt. Zweitens setzen sie sich mit den Perspektiven technischer Innovationen in einem sich wandelnden sozialen Umfeld auseinander, vorrangig aus der Perspektive ökologischer Nachhaltigkeit und ihrer sozialen Voraussetzungen. Im Mittelpunkt stehen dabei die Themen: Rationalität und Ungewißheit, Nachhaltige Technologien in einer sich wandelnden sozialen Umwelt, Technologiepolitik in einer sich globalisierenden Welt, Schlußfolgerungen für Politik und (universitäre) Bildung. Da die Autoren unterschiedliche Disziplinen der Natur-, Technik-, Sozial- und Geisteswissenschaften sowie Politik und Wirtschaft repräsentieren, ergibt sich ein aufschlußreiches Panorama unterschiedlicher Sichten, Herangehensweisen, Prioritätensetzungen, Lösungsvorschläge und Erfahrungen.
Rational Choice In An Uncertain World
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Author : Reid Hastie
language : en
Publisher: SAGE
Release Date : 2010
Rational Choice In An Uncertain World written by Reid Hastie and has been published by SAGE this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Business & Economics categories.
In the Second Edition of Rational Choice in an Uncertain World the authors compare the basic principles of rationality with actual behaviour in making decisions. They describe theories and research findings from the field of judgment and decision making in a non-technical manner, using anecdotes as a teaching device. Intended as an introductory textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, the material not only is of scholarly interest but is practical as well. The Second Edition includes: - more coverage on the role of emotions, happiness, and general well-being in decisions - a summary of the new research on the neuroscience of decision processes - more discussion of the adaptive value of (non-rational heuristics) - expansion of the graphics for decision trees, probability trees, and Venn diagrams.
Rationality In An Uncertain World
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Author : Mike Oaksford
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Rationality In An Uncertain World written by Mike Oaksford and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Psychology categories.
This book brings together an influential sequence of papers that argue for a radical re-conceptualisation of the psychology of inference, and of cognitive science more generally. The papers demonstrate that the thesis that logic provides the basis of human inference is central to much cognitive science, although the commitment to this view is often implicit. They then note that almost all human inference is uncertain, whereas logic is the calculus of certain inference. This mismatch means that logic is not the appropriate model for human thought. Oaksford and Chater's argument draws on research in computer science, artificial intelligence and philosophy of science, in addition to experimental psychology. The authors propose that probability theory, the calculus of uncertain inference, provides a more appropriate model for human thought. They show how a probabilistic account can provide detailed explanations of experimental data on Wason's selection task, which many have viewed as providing a paradigmatic demonstration of human irrationality. Oaksford and Chater show that people's behaviour appears irrational only from a logical point of view, whereas it is entirely rational from a probabilistic perspective. The shift to a probabilistic framework for human inference has significant implications for the psychology of reasoning, cognitive science more generally, and forour picture of ourselves as rational agents.
Rationality In An Uncertain World
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Author : Nick Chater
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2004-08-02
Rationality In An Uncertain World written by Nick Chater and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-08-02 with Psychology categories.
The essays in this work focus on problems with logic-based approaches to human reasoning, showing how a probablistic approach can provide a more psychologically plausible, computationally viable and philosophically respectable account of human
Rationality For Mortals
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Author : Gerd Gigerenzer
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2010-04-16
Rationality For Mortals written by Gerd Gigerenzer and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-04-16 with Philosophy categories.
Gerd Gigerenzer's influential work examines the rationality of individuals not from the perspective of logic or probability, but from the point of view of adaptation to the real world of human behavior and interaction with the environment. Seen from this perspective, human behavior is more rational than it might otherwise appear. This work is extremely influential and has spawned an entire research program. This volume (which follows on a previous collection, Adaptive Thinking, also published by OUP) collects his most recent articles, looking at how people use "fast and frugal heuristics" to calculate probability and risk and make decisions. It includes a newly writen, substantial introduction, and the articles have been revised and updated where appropriate. This volume should appeal, like the earlier volumes, to a broad mixture of cognitive psychologists, philosophers, economists, and others who study decision making.
Risk Uncertainty And Rational Action
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Author : Carlo C. Jaeger
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-11-05
Risk Uncertainty And Rational Action written by Carlo C. Jaeger and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-05 with Business & Economics categories.
Risk as we now know it is a wholly new phenomenon, the by-product of our ever more complex and powerful technologies. In business, policy making, and in everyday life, it demands a new way of looking at technological and environmental uncertainty. In this definitive volume, four of the world's leading risk researchers present a fundamental critique of the prevailing approaches to understanding and managing risk - the 'rational actor paradigm'. They show how risk studies must incorporate the competing interests, values, and rationalities of those involved and find a balance of trust and acceptable risk. Their work points to a comprehensive and significant new theory of risk and uncertainty and of the decision making process they require. The implications for social, political, and environmental theory and practice are enormous. Winner of the 2000-2002 Outstanding Publication Award of the Section on Environment and Technology of the American Sociological Association
Evolution And Rationality
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Author : Samir Okasha
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2012-06-21
Evolution And Rationality written by Samir Okasha and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-06-21 with Philosophy categories.
This volume explores from several viewpoints the relationship between Darwinian evolution and the theory of rational choice.
Simply Rational
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Author : Gerd Gigerenzer
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2015-03-03
Simply Rational written by Gerd Gigerenzer and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-03-03 with Psychology categories.
Statistical illiteracy can have an enormously negative impact on decision making. This volume of collected papers brings together applied and theoretical research on risks and decision making across the fields of medicine, psychology, and economics. Collectively, the essays demonstrate why the frame in which statistics are communicated is essential for broader understanding and sound decision making, and that understanding risks and uncertainty has wide-reaching implications for daily life. Gerd Gigerenzer provides a lucid review and catalog of concrete instances of heuristics, or rules of thumb, that people and animals rely on to make decisions under uncertainty, explaining why these are very often more rational than probability models. After a critical look at behavioral theories that do not model actual psychological processes, the book concludes with a call for a "heuristic revolution" that will enable us to understand the ecological rationality of both statistics and heuristics, and bring a dose of sanity to the study of rationality.
Rationality
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Author : Steven Pinker
language : en
Publisher: Penguin UK
Release Date : 2021-09-28
Rationality written by Steven Pinker and has been published by Penguin UK this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-28 with Philosophy categories.
A TIMES BOOK OF THE YEAR 2021 'Punchy, funny and invigorating ... Pinker is the high priest of rationalism' Sunday Times 'If you've ever considered taking drugs to make yourself smarter, read Rationality instead. It's cheaper, more entertaining, and more effective' Jonathan Haidt, author of The Righteous Mind In the twenty-first century, humanity is reaching new heights of scientific understanding - and at the same time appears to be losing its mind. How can a species that discovered vaccines for Covid-19 in less than a year produce so much fake news, quack cures and conspiracy theorizing? In Rationality, Pinker rejects the cynical cliché that humans are simply an irrational species - cavemen out of time fatally cursed with biases, fallacies and illusions. After all, we discovered the laws of nature, lengthened and enriched our lives and set the benchmarks for rationality itself. Instead, he explains, we think in ways that suit the low-tech contexts in which we spend most of our lives, but fail to take advantage of the powerful tools of reasoning we have built up over millennia: logic, critical thinking, probability, causal inference, and decision-making under uncertainty. These tools are not a standard part of our educational curricula, and have never been presented clearly and entertainingly in a single book - until now. Rationality matters. It leads to better choices in our lives and in the public sphere, and is the ultimate driver of social justice and moral progress. Brimming with insight and humour, Rationality will enlighten, inspire and empower. 'A terrific book, much-needed for our time' Peter Singer