Real World Shocks And Retirement System Resiliency
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Real World Shocks And Retirement System Resiliency
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Author : Olivia S. Mitchell
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2024-01-07
Real World Shocks And Retirement System Resiliency written by Olivia S. Mitchell and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-01-07 with Business & Economics categories.
This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International licence. It is free to read at Oxford Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations. Growing awareness of real-world shocks including market downturns, health surprises, and labor market readjustment is calling into question the ability of global retirement systems to remain healthy and sustain future retirees. Financial and labor market stresses are shaping how older workers fare as they head into retirement, and how younger workers must prepare financially for their futures. These shocks come on top of long-standing concerns surrounding rising longevity, along with the adequacy and sustainability of public and private benefit systems. This volume explores how these challenges will drive the need for new policy drawing on perspectives of senior and new researchers to the field, as well as exciting new datasets.
Diminishing Returns At Work
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Author : John H. Pencavel
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2018
Diminishing Returns At Work written by John H. Pencavel and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Business & Economics categories.
Machine generated contents note: -- I. Introduction: Why Working Hours? -- II. A Brief History of Working Hours -- III. Conceptual Framework -- IV. Estimates of Production Functions -- V. Further Implications of the Augmented Production Functions -- VI. Hours of Work, Health, and Well-Being -- VII. The Association between Working Hours and Hourly Earnings -- VIII. Concluding Notes
The Oxford Handbook Of The Economics Of The Biopharmaceutical Industry
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Author : Patricia M. Danzon
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2012-04-12
The Oxford Handbook Of The Economics Of The Biopharmaceutical Industry written by Patricia M. Danzon and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-04-12 with Business & Economics categories.
The biopharmaceutical industry has been a major driver of technological change in health care, producing unprecedented benefits for patients, cost challenges for payers, and profits for shareholders. As consumers and companies benefit from access to new drugs, policymakers around the globe seek mechanisms to control prices and expenditures commensurate with value. More recently the 1990s productivity boom of new products has turned into a productivity bust, with fewer and more modest innovations, and flat or declining revenues for innovative firms as generics replace their former blockbuster products. This timely volume examines the economics of the biopharmaceutical industry, with eighteen chapters by leading academic health economists. Part one examines the economics of biopharmaceutical innovation including determinants of the costs and returns to new drug development; how capital markets finance R&D and how costs of financing the biopharmaceutical industry compare to financing costs for other industries; the effects of safety and efficacy regulation by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and of price and reimbursement regulation on incentives for innovation; and the role of patents and regulatory exclusivities. Part two examines the market for biopharmaceuticals with chapters on prices and reimbursement in the US, the EU, and other industrialized countries, and in developing countries. It looks at the optimal design of insurance for drugs and the effects of cost sharing on spending and on health outcomes; how to measure the value of pharmaceuticals using pharmacoeconomics, including theory, practical challenges, and policy issues; how to measure pharmaceutical price growth over time and recent evidence; empirical evidence on the value of pharmaceuticals in terms of health outcomes; promotion of pharmaceuticals to physicians and consumers; the economics of vaccines; and a review of the evidence on effects of mergers, acquisitions and alliances. Each chapter summarizes the latest insights from theory and recent empirical evidence, and outlines important unanswered questions and areas for future research. Based on solid economics, it is nevertheless written in terms accessible to the general reader. The book is thus recommended reading for academic economists and non-economists, and for those in industry and policy who wish to understand the economics of this fascinating industry.
Adaptive Social Protection
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Author : Thomas Bowen
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2020-06-12
Adaptive Social Protection written by Thomas Bowen and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-12 with Political Science categories.
Adaptive social protection (ASP) helps to build the resilience of poor and vulnerable households to the impacts of large, covariate shocks, such as natural disasters, economic crises, pandemics, conflict, and forced displacement. Through the provision of transfers and services directly to these households, ASP supports their capacity to prepare for, cope with, and adapt to the shocks they face—before, during, and after these shocks occur. Over the long term, by supporting these three capacities, ASP can provide a pathway to a more resilient state for households that may otherwise lack the resources to move out of chronically vulnerable situations. Adaptive Social Protection: Building Resilience to Shocks outlines an organizing framework for the design and implementation of ASP, providing insights into the ways in which social protection systems can be made more capable of building household resilience. By way of its four building blocks—programs, information, finance, and institutional arrangements and partnerships—the framework highlights both the elements of existing social protection systems that are the cornerstones for building household resilience, as well as the additional investments that are central to enhancing their ability to generate these outcomes. In this report, the ASP framework and its building blocks have been elaborated primarily in relation to natural disasters and associated climate change. Nevertheless, many of the priorities identified within each building block are also pertinent to the design and implementation of ASP across other types of shocks, providing a foundation for a structured approach to the advancement of this rapidly evolving and complex agenda.
The Economics Of Retirement
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Author : Michael Victor Leonesio
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
The Economics Of Retirement written by Michael Victor Leonesio and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Aging categories.
Pension Reform And The Development Of Pension Systems
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Author : Emily S. Andrews
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2006
Pension Reform And The Development Of Pension Systems written by Emily S. Andrews and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Business & Economics categories.
"Formal pension systems are an important means of reducing poverty among the aged. In recent years, however, pension reform has become a pressing matter, as demographic aging, poor administration, early retirement, and unaffordable benefits have strained pension balances and overall public finances. Pension systems have become a source of macroeconomic instability, a constraint to economic growth, and an ineffective and/or inequitable provider of retirement income."
Managing Climate Risk In The U S Financial System
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Author : Leonardo Martinez-Diaz
language : en
Publisher: U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission
Release Date : 2020-09-09
Managing Climate Risk In The U S Financial System written by Leonardo Martinez-Diaz and has been published by U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-09 with Science categories.
This publication serves as a roadmap for exploring and managing climate risk in the U.S. financial system. It is the first major climate publication by a U.S. financial regulator. The central message is that U.S. financial regulators must recognize that climate change poses serious emerging risks to the U.S. financial system, and they should move urgently and decisively to measure, understand, and address these risks. Achieving this goal calls for strengthening regulators’ capabilities, expertise, and data and tools to better monitor, analyze, and quantify climate risks. It calls for working closely with the private sector to ensure that financial institutions and market participants do the same. And it calls for policy and regulatory choices that are flexible, open-ended, and adaptable to new information about climate change and its risks, based on close and iterative dialogue with the private sector. At the same time, the financial community should not simply be reactive—it should provide solutions. Regulators should recognize that the financial system can itself be a catalyst for investments that accelerate economic resilience and the transition to a net-zero emissions economy. Financial innovations, in the form of new financial products, services, and technologies, can help the U.S. economy better manage climate risk and help channel more capital into technologies essential for the transition. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5247742
Global Trends 2040
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Author : National Intelligence Council
language : en
Publisher: Cosimo Reports
Release Date : 2021-03
Global Trends 2040 written by National Intelligence Council and has been published by Cosimo Reports this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03 with categories.
"The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.
Financial Literacy
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Author : Olivia S. Mitchell
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2011-10-27
Financial Literacy written by Olivia S. Mitchell and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-10-27 with Business & Economics categories.
As defined contribution pensions become prevalent, retirees are increasingly responsible for managing their own pension assets and thus their own financial literacy becomes crucial. Based on empirical evidence and new research, the book examines how financial literacy enhances retirement decision-making in ever more complex financial markets.
Oecd Business And Finance Outlook 2020 Sustainable And Resilient Finance
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2020-09-29
Oecd Business And Finance Outlook 2020 Sustainable And Resilient Finance written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-29 with categories.
The OECD Business and Finance Outlook is an annual publication that presents unique data and analysis on the trends, both positive and negative, that are shaping tomorrow’s world of business, finance and investment.