Reasoning And Decision Making
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Reasoning And Decision Making
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Author : Philip N. Johnson-Laird
language : en
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
Release Date : 1994-08-15
Reasoning And Decision Making written by Philip N. Johnson-Laird and has been published by Wiley-Blackwell this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-08-15 with Psychology categories.
This volume brings together two hitherto separate aspects of the psychology of thinking: how people reason, and how they make judgements and decisions. This exploration is timely for two major reasons. First, reasoning and decision making are increasingly examined in the role of reason in the construction of preferences, and students of deduction are examining the role of values and preferences in reasoning. Second, research in the two domains has revealed a striking parallel; human thinkers make radical departures from the canons of rationality - from formal logic in the case of reasoning, and from expected utility theory in the case of decision making. The two departures have forced social scientists to think again about the nature of human mentality. The contributors are all internationally known experts, and their chapters range over the nature of rationality, how individuals construct reasons for choices, how they are led astray by focusing on only certain aspects of situations, how they assess the strength of inductions, how they reach decisions on juries, and how their performance can be improved. Reasoning and Decision Making will be suitable for advanced undergraduate reading and beyond, and will be of interest to psychologists, decision theorists and philosophers.
Reasoning And Decision Making
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Author : Philip Nicholas Johnson-Laird
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Reasoning And Decision Making written by Philip Nicholas Johnson-Laird and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Decision making categories.
Beliefs Reasoning And Decision Making
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Author : Roger C. Schank
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2013-06-17
Beliefs Reasoning And Decision Making written by Roger C. Schank and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-17 with Psychology categories.
It is not unusual for a festschrift to include offerings from several areas of study, but it is highly unusual for those areas to cross disciplinary lines. This book, in doing just that, is a testimony to Bob Abelson's impact on the disciplines of social psychology, artificial intelligence and cognitive science, and the applied areas of political psychology and decision-making. The contributors demonstrate that their association with Abelson, whether as students or colleagues, has resulted in an impressive intellectual cross-fertilization.
Thinking
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Author : David Hardman
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2004-01-09
Thinking written by David Hardman and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-01-09 with Psychology categories.
The first international handbook to bring the areas of reasoning,judgment and decision making together, now in paperback format. The book brings three of the important topics of thinkingtogether - reasoning, judgment and decision making â?? anddiscusses key issues in each area. The studies described range fromthose that are purely laboratory based to those that involveexperts making real world judgments, in areas such as medical andlegal decision making and political and economic forecasting. * International collection of original chapters by leadingresearchers in the field * Several chapters contain important new theoreticalperspectives * Paperback version is more affordable for individualresearchers
Rationality And Reasoning
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Author : Jonathon St. B.T. Evans
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2013-09-13
Rationality And Reasoning written by Jonathon St. B.T. Evans and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-13 with Psychology categories.
This book addresses an apparent paradox in the psychology of thinking. On the one hand, human beings are a highly successful species. On the other, intelligent adults are known to exhibit numerous errors and biases in laboratory studies of reasoning and decision making. There has been much debate among both philosophers and psychologists about the implications of such studies for human rationality. The authors argue that this debate is marked by a confusion between two distinct notions: (a) personal rationality (rationality1 Evans and Over argue that people have a high degree of rationality1 but only a limited capacity for rationality2. The book re-interprets the psychological literature on reasoning and decision making, showing that many normative errors, by abstract standards, reflect the operation of processes that would normally help to achieve ordinary goals. Topics discussed include relevance effects in reasoning and decision making, the influence of prior beliefs on thinking, and the argument that apparently non-logical reasoning can reflect efficient decision making. The authors also discuss the problem of deductive competence - whether people have it, and what mechanism can account for it. As the book progresses, increasing emphasis is given to the authors' dual process theory of thinking, in which a distinction between tacit and explicit cognitive systems is developed. It is argued that much of human capacity for rationality1 is invested in tacit cognitive processes, which reflect both innate mechanisms and biologically constrained learning. However, the authors go on to argue that human beings also possess an explicit thinking system, which underlies their unique - if limited - capacity to be rational.
The Psychology Of Thinking
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Author : John Paul Minda
language : en
Publisher: SAGE
Release Date : 2015-09-26
The Psychology Of Thinking written by John Paul Minda and has been published by SAGE this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-09-26 with Psychology categories.
How do we define thinking? Is it simply memory, perception and motor activity or perhaps something more complex such as reasoning and decision making? This book argues that thinking is an intricate mix of all these things and a very specific coordination of cognitive resources. Divided into three key sections, there are chapters on the organization of human thought, general reasoning and thinking and behavioural outcomes of thinking. These three overarching themes provide a broad theoretical framework with which to explore wider issues in cognition and cognitive psychology and there are chapters on motivation and language plus a strong focus on problem solving, reasoning and decision making – all of which are central to a solid understanding of this field. The book also explores the cognitive processes behind perception and memory, how we might differentiate expertise from skilled, competent performance and the interaction between language, culture and thought.
The Developmental Psychology Of Reasoning And Decision Making
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Author : Henry Markovits
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2013-11-26
The Developmental Psychology Of Reasoning And Decision Making written by Henry Markovits and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-26 with Psychology categories.
Reflects very strongly many of the major changes that have arisen in the field of thinking and reasoning research over recent years World class contributors to the book focus on the latest ideas concerning developmental aspects of causal and counterfactual thinking Strongly represents the way in which developmental studies have informed an understanding of dual-process theories of reasoning
Thinking Reasoning And Decision Making In Autism
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Author : Kinga Morsanyi
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-10-11
Thinking Reasoning And Decision Making In Autism written by Kinga Morsanyi and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10-11 with Psychology categories.
Thinking and Reasoning in Autism provides fresh insights into the cognitive processes that underlie some of the typical characteristics of autism. Autism has long been considered an enigma, and no single theory so far has been able to explain, or even fully describe, the key characteristics of the autistic mind. From the interdisciplinary perspective of new research in cognitive psychology, linguistics, philosophy, and neuroscience, this book explores thinking, reasoning and decision making in autism. The new cognitive approaches challenge some of the existing assumptions of the nature of thought in autism, including presumed areas of impairments. Instead, this book focuses on the nuanced array of cognitive signatures that characterize the autistic mind, and in many cases it reveals the possibility of intact performance alongside instances of remarkably enhanced thinking. The book considers the implications of these characteristics, providing in-depth analyses of specific areas of cognitive functioning, and their everyday manifestations. Featuring contributions from world-leading researchers from the fields of cognitive science and autism research, this volume will be essential reading for advanced students and researchers, as well as those working with individuals with autism spectrum disorders.
Thinking And Reasoning
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Author : Ken Manktelow
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2012-02-13
Thinking And Reasoning written by Ken Manktelow and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-02-13 with Psychology categories.
The area of psychological research reviewed in this book is one that is not only increasing in popularity in college curricula, but is also making an ever larger impact on the world outside the classroom. Drawing upon research originally cited in Ken Manktelow’s highly successful publication Reasoning and Thinking, this completely rewritten textbook reflects on the revolutionary changes that have occurred in the field in recent years, stemming from the huge expansion in research output, as well as new methods and explanations, and the appearance of numerous books on the subject aimed at the popular market. The main areas covered are probability judgment, deductive and inductive reasoning, decision making, hypothetical thinking and rationality. In each case, the material is almost entirely new, with topics such as the new paradigm in reasoning research, causal reasoning and counterfactual thinking appearing for the first time. The book also presents an extended treatment of decision making research, and contains a chapter on individual and cultural influences on thinking. Thinking and Reasoning provides a detailed, integrated and approachable treatment of this area of cognitive psychology, and is ideal reading for intermediate and advanced undergraduate students; indeed, for anyone interested in how we draw conclusions and make choices.
Approaches For Community Decision Making And Collective Reasoning Knowledge Technology Support
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Author : Yearwood, John
language : en
Publisher: IGI Global
Release Date : 2012-06-30
Approaches For Community Decision Making And Collective Reasoning Knowledge Technology Support written by Yearwood, John and has been published by IGI Global this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-06-30 with Computers categories.
"This book focuses on how groups can structure their activities toward making better decisions or in developing technologies for the support of decision-making in groups"--Provided by publisher.