Recycling Of Used Lead Acid Batteries
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Recycling Of Used Lead Acid Batteries
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Author : Katherine von Stackelberg
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2022-06-30
Recycling Of Used Lead Acid Batteries written by Katherine von Stackelberg and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-30 with Medical categories.
This document includes a pragmatic framework for designing representative studies and developing uniform sampling guidelines to support estimates of morbidity that are explicitly linked to exposure to land-based contaminants from used lead acid battery recycling (ULAB) activities. A primary goal is to support environmental burden of disease evaluations, which attempt to attribute health outcomes to specific sources of pollution. The guidelines provide recommendations on the most appropriate and cost-effective sampling and analysis methods to ensure the collection of representative population-level data, sample size recommendations for each contaminant and environmental media, biological sampling data, household survey data, and health outcome data. These guidelines focus on small-scale ULABs that are known to generate significant amounts of lead waste through the smelting process, as well as other metals including arsenic and cadmium. A primary concern with lead exposure is the documented association with neurodevelopmental outcomes in children as demonstrated by statistically significant reduced performance on a variety of cognitive tests. These associations are evident even in the youngest children, and toxicological and epidemiologic data indicate these effects have no threshold. Other potential exposures include arsenic and cadmium, and exposure to these contaminants is also associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes in children, as well as arsenicosis; bladder, lung, and skin cancers; and renal outcomes. The primary objective of this document is to guide research to assess the relationship between environmental contamination, exposures, and health outcomes related to a subset of contaminants originating from ULAB activities for particularly vulnerable populations (such as children) and the general population within a single household in the vicinity of ULAB sites in low- and middle-income countries. To achieve this objective, biomonitoring and health outcome data are linked to household survey and environmental data (for example, soil, dust, water, and agricultural products) at the individual level from an exposed population compared to individuals from an unexposed (reference) population. Data on exposures and health outcomes in the same individual, across a representative set of individuals, is required to support an understanding of the potential impact of ULAB activities on local populations. The guidelines can also assist in building local capacity toconduct environmental assessments following a consistent methodology to facilitate comparability across ULAB sites in different geographic areas. Sampling strategies and methods are prioritized given information needs, resource availability, and other constraints or considerations. The document includes a number of supporting appendixes that provide additional resources and references on relevant topics. Data obtained following these recommendations can be used to support consistent, comparable, and standardized community risk and health impact assessments at contaminated sites in low- and middle-income countries. These data can also be used to support economic analyses and risk management decision-making for evaluating site cleanup and risk mitigation options in the most cost-effective and efficient manner. Following these recommendations will facilitate comparisons and meta-analyses across studies by standardizing data collection efforts at the community level.
Used Battery Collection And Recycling
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Author : G. Pistoia
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2001-11-08
Used Battery Collection And Recycling written by G. Pistoia and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-11-08 with Science categories.
This book covers all aspects of spent battery collection and recycling. First of all, the legislative and regulatory updates are addressed and the main institutions and programs worldwide are mentioned. An overview of the existing battery systems, of the chemicals used in them and their hazardous properties is made, followed by a survey of the major industrial recycling processes. The safety and efficiency of such processes are stressed. Particular consideration is given to the released emissions, i.e. to the impact on human health and the environment. Methods for the evaluation of this impact are described. Several chapters deal with specific battery chemistries: lead-acid, nickel-cadmium and nickel-metal hydride, zinc (carbon and alkaline), lithium and lithium-ion. For each type of battery, details are provided on the collection/recycling process from the technical, economic and environmental viewpoint. The chemicals recoverable from each process and remarketable are mentioned. A chapter deals with recovering of the large batteries powering electric vehicles, e.g. lead-acid, nickel-metal hydride and lithium-ion. The final chapter is devoted to the important topic of collecting batteries from used electrical and electronic equipment. The uncontrolled disposal of these devices still containing their batteries contributes to environmental pollution.
Implications Of A Ban On Exports Of Used Lead Acid Batteries
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Implications Of A Ban On Exports Of Used Lead Acid Batteries written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Export controls categories.
Selection Of Control Technologies For Remediation Of Lead Battery Recycling Sites
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992
Selection Of Control Technologies For Remediation Of Lead Battery Recycling Sites written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Batteries (Ordnance) categories.
Lead Acid Batteries For Future Automobiles
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Author : Jürgen Garche
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2017-02-21
Lead Acid Batteries For Future Automobiles written by Jürgen Garche and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-21 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Lead-Acid Batteries for Future Automobiles provides an overview on the innovations that were recently introduced in automotive lead-acid batteries and other aspects of current research. Innovative concepts are presented, some of which aim to make lead-acid technology a candidate for higher levels of powertrain hybridization, namely 48-volt mild or high-volt full hybrids. Lead-acid batteries continue to dominate the market as storage devices for automotive starting and power supply systems, but are facing competition from alternative storage technologies and being challenged by new application requirements, particularly related to new electric vehicle functions and powertrain electrification. Presents an overview of development trends for future automobiles and the demands that they place on the battery Describes how to adapt LABs for use in micro and mild hybrid EVs via collector construction and materials, via carbon additives, via new cell construction (bipolar), and via LAB hybrids with Li-ion and supercap systems System integration of LABs into vehicle power-supply and hybridization concepts Short description of competitive battery technologies
Environmental Study Of Lead Acid Batteries Technologies
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Author : James Sutanto
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2011-10
Environmental Study Of Lead Acid Batteries Technologies written by James Sutanto and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-10 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Scientific Study from the year 2011 in the subject Electrotechnology, The University of Liverpool (Xi'an Jiao Tong Liverpool University), language: English, abstract: This article presents the results of lead acid battery usage in the late 2000s. In this study, the usage of the lead acid battery was increased every year. However, there were several limitations due to the lead acid battery such as, the health effect, cause explosion. On the other hand, Lead-acid battery recycling is one of the most successful recycling programs in the world, which going to be encouraged to every people, instead using disposable batteries.
Wb T 1120 2022 Translated English Of Chinese Standard Wb T 1120 2022 Wbt1120 2022
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Author : https://www.chinesestandard.net
language : en
Publisher: https://www.chinesestandard.net
Release Date : 2023-01-17
Wb T 1120 2022 Translated English Of Chinese Standard Wb T 1120 2022 Wbt1120 2022 written by https://www.chinesestandard.net and has been published by https://www.chinesestandard.net this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-17 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This document specifies the requirements for recycling party, service requirements, abnormality handling, information feedback, evaluation and improvement of used traction battery recycling services. This document applies to used lithium-ion traction battery recycling service activities. This document does not apply to used lead-acid batteries.
Environmental And Technological Issues Related To Lead Acid Battery Recycling
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Author : Keynote Publishing Company
language : en
Publisher: Incumbent
Release Date : 1996
Environmental And Technological Issues Related To Lead Acid Battery Recycling written by Keynote Publishing Company and has been published by Incumbent this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Salvage (Waste, etc.) categories.
An Act To Phase Out The Use Of Mercury In Batteries And Provide For The Efficient And Cost Effective Collection And Recycling Or Proper Disposal Of Used Nickel Cadmium Batteries Small Sealed Lead Acid Batteries And Certain Other Batteries And For Other Purposes
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Author : United States
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
An Act To Phase Out The Use Of Mercury In Batteries And Provide For The Efficient And Cost Effective Collection And Recycling Or Proper Disposal Of Used Nickel Cadmium Batteries Small Sealed Lead Acid Batteries And Certain Other Batteries And For Other Purposes written by United States and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Lead-acid batteries categories.
Valve Regulated Lead Acid Batteries
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Author : Patrick T. Moseley
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2004-02-24
Valve Regulated Lead Acid Batteries written by Patrick T. Moseley and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-02-24 with Technology & Engineering categories.
For many decades, the lead-acid battery has been the most widely used energy-storage device for medium- and large-scale applications (approximately 100Wh and above). In recent years, the traditional, flooded design of the battery has begun to be replaced by an alternative design. This version - the valve-regulated lead-acid (VRLA) battery - requires no replenishment of the water content of the electrolyte solution, does not spill liquids, and can be used in any desired orientation. Since the VRLA battery operates in a somewhat different manner from its flooded counterpart, considerable technological development has been necessary to meet the exacting performance requirements of the full range of applications in which rechargeable batteries are used. The valve-regulated design is now well established in the industrial battery sector, and also appears set to be adopted widely for automotive duty. This book provides a comprehensive account of VRLA technology and its uses. In the future, all industrial processes - including the manufacture of batteries - will be required to conform to the conventions of sustainability. Accordingly, the crucial areas of the environmental impact associated with the production and use of VRLA batteries and the recycling of spent units are also treated thoroughly. Valve-Regulated Lead-Acid Batteries gives an essential insight into the science that underlies the development and operation of VRLA batteries and is a comprehensive reference source for those involved in the practical use of the technology in key energy-storage applications. Covers all major advances in the field Provides a comprehensive account of VRLA technology and its uses First book dedicated to this technology