Reducing Wastes From Decommissioned Nuclear Submarines In The Russian Northwest
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Reducing Wastes From Decommissioned Nuclear Submarines In The Russian Northwest
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Author : Sanoma Lee Kellogg
language : en
Publisher: Amer Assn for the Advancement of
Release Date : 1997
Reducing Wastes From Decommissioned Nuclear Submarines In The Russian Northwest written by Sanoma Lee Kellogg and has been published by Amer Assn for the Advancement of this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Decommissioned Submarines In The Russian Northwest
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Author : E.J. Kirk
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Decommissioned Submarines In The Russian Northwest written by E.J. Kirk and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Until the late 1970s, most commercial power plant operators outside the United States adopted a spent fuel management policy of immediate reprocessing and recycling of recovered products. In response to rising reprocessing prices, decreasing values of re covered products, concerns over proliferation risks, and a belief in the favorable eco nomics of direct disposal, many utilities have since opted to store spent fuel on an in terim basis pending the availability of direct disposal facilities or a change in the eco nomic and/or political climate for reprocessing and recycling uranium and plutonium. Spent fuel has traditionally been stored in water-filled pools located in the reactor building or fuel handling buildings, on reactor sites, or as part of large centralized fa cilities (e.g. Sellafield, La Hague, CLAB). Because the economics of pool storage are dependent on the size of the facility, the construction of additional separate pools on reactor sites has only been pursued in a few countries, such as Finland and Bulgaria.
Decommissioned Russian Nuclear Submarines And International Cooperation
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Author : Charles Krupnick
language : en
Publisher: McFarland
Release Date : 2017-07-06
Decommissioned Russian Nuclear Submarines And International Cooperation written by Charles Krupnick and has been published by McFarland this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-06 with Social Science categories.
With the end of the Cold War, Russia's submarines were no longer needed to deter or fight Western navies and were very expensive to operate and maintain. Older submarines were taken out of service in large numbers, but without firm plans and infrastructure in place to remove and adequately care for their nuclear components, problems soon developed over the disposition of spent fuel assemblies. Problems arose also of course between Russia and the international community as to the best way to respond to the challenge. This book looks at those problems, first discussing Russia's economy, its environment, and the Russian Navy, and then covering in detail the spent fuel of Russian submarines and related nuclear problems. The engagement of the international community on the issue is then addressed. A theoretical analysis is offered on how Russia's fellow nations can help remedy a troubling environmental problem in a difficult country.
Analysis Of Risks Associated With Nuclear Submarine Decommissioning Dismantling And Disposal
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Author : Ashot A. Sarkisov
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1999-02-28
Analysis Of Risks Associated With Nuclear Submarine Decommissioning Dismantling And Disposal written by Ashot A. Sarkisov and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-02-28 with Technology & Engineering categories.
A great number of nuclear submarines are due to be decommissioned before 2000. The political decisions surrounding the disposal of nuclear compartments, radioactive wastes and spent fuel differ appreciably between the countries that own the boats. The decision makers involved thus need help in comparing and assessing alternative options for the decommissioning of their nuclear submarine fleets. The present volume offers such assistance, with its discussions of the risks associated with long-term water storage of the boats, radioactive and chemical contamination, spent fuel and waste management, and handling and recycling reactor compartments.
Russian Nuclear Submarines
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Russian Nuclear Submarines written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Economic assistance, American categories.
Environmental Peacemaking
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Author : Ken Conca
language : en
Publisher: Woodrow Wilson Center Press
Release Date : 2002-11-13
Environmental Peacemaking written by Ken Conca and has been published by Woodrow Wilson Center Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-11-13 with History categories.
Eight contributions written by professors of political science, government, and politics as well as researchers and program directors for environmental change, energy, and security projects provide insight into the process of environmental peacemaking, based on their experiences in a variety of international regions. An initial chapter makes a case for the process; successive chapters address the Baltic, South Asia, the Aral Sea basin, southern Africa, the Caspian Sea, and the US-Mexican border. Annotation (c)2003 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com).
Radioecology In Northern European Seas
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Author : Dmitry G. Matishov
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-29
Radioecology In Northern European Seas written by Dmitry G. Matishov and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-29 with Science categories.
This reference explores oceanographic and biological conditions involved in the transfer and accumulation of radionuclides in marine sediment and biota of the Northern European seas. Much of the content synthesizes decades of work by the Murmansk Marine Biological Institute. This forms the basis of a new methodological and theoretical framework describing radionuclide bioaccumulation by marine invertebrate and vertebrate animals, with special attention to marine food webs leading to humans.
Environmental Change And Security Project Report
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Environmental Change And Security Project Report written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Armed Forces categories.
From Throw Weights To Metric Tons
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Author : Donald A. Pruefer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
From Throw Weights To Metric Tons written by Donald A. Pruefer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Nuclear submarines categories.
After the Soviet Union's collapse, the newly independent nations that emerged from its wreckage were immediately confronted by a myriad of environmental problems, and continue to be plagued by them nearly a decade later. In a microcosm of the shortsighted planning, reckless development and lack of ecological concern that epitomized the Soviet era, 70 decommissioned nuclear submarines are currently moored in ports along the Kola Peninsula. Obsolete, damaged, or banned by strategic arms reductions treaties, they have been largely abandoned after being stripped of their offensive armament. Manned by skeleton crews, these toothless sharks hold within their poorly maintained hulls a total of nearly 30 times the amount of nuclear fuel that was in Chernobyl Reactor Number Four when it exploded in 1986. Reporters and ecologists (from Russia and elsewhere) have made a connection between that disaster and one they see unfolding in Russia's northwest, depicting the submarines as "floating Chernobyl" and "a Chernobyl in slow motion." This illustrates the irony of shifting perceptions in NATO countries about how these submarines threaten them. In their Cold War glory, these vessels were meticulously watched in the West. The threat they represented was defined in terms of the throw weights of the nuclear warheads they carried aboard. A decade after the Soviet implosion, these submarines are largely ignored. The threat they now pose is measured in metric tons of the spent fuel and radioactive waste carried within their decaying hulls.
Arms Control And The Environment
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Author : Lakshman D. Guruswamy
language : en
Publisher: International Environmental La
Release Date : 2001
Arms Control And The Environment written by Lakshman D. Guruswamy and has been published by International Environmental La this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with History categories.
Scholars of law and political science, and officers in various national and international agencies and organizations compile data and warnings that the laudable effort to protect humans from the effects of military arms should not exacerbate perils to the environment. They define the issues from a number of perspectives, present case studies, and evaluate environmental impact assessments. Noting the general lack of information and awareness about the danger, they stress education. The conclusions are directed toward activists and policy makers. The 12 studies are from a December 1999 conference in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR