Reproduction And Development In Annelida


Reproduction And Development In Annelida
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Reproduction And Development In Annelida


Reproduction And Development In Annelida
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Author : T. J. Pandian
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2019-01-30

Reproduction And Development In Annelida written by T. J. Pandian and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-30 with Medical categories.


This book is a concise informative elucidation of all aspects of reproduction and development in annelids covering from arenicola to tubifex. Annelids flourish between 4,900 m depth to 2,000 m altitude; some of them occur in unusual habitats like hydrothermal vents and subterranean aquatic system (stigobionts). A few have no gut and acquire adequate nutrients through osmotrophism and/or engaging symbiotic microbes. In the absence of exoskeleton to escape predation, the 17,000 speciose annelids have explored bewildering modes of reproduction; not surprisingly, 42–47% of them are brooders. With 13,000 species, polychaetes are gonochores but some 207 species of them are hermaphrodites. Clitellates are all hermaphrodites; of them, 76 species are parthenogens, of which 56 are earthworms. Regenerative potency of annelids ranges from an organ to an entire worm from a single ‘seminal’ segment. The head, tail and both together can be regenerated 21, 42 and 20 times, respectively. However, the potency is limited to ~1% of polychaetes and Heterogamatic sex determination is reported to occur only in six polychaete species, although karyotype is known for 83 annelid species. In temperate polychaetes, a dozen neuroendocrines, arising mostly from the ‘brain’ regulates reproductive cycle. A complete chapter devoted to vermiculture, (i) recognizes the fast-growing candidate species, (ii) distinguishes 'layers' from 'brooders', (iii) indicates that the harvest of oligochaetes may reduce the input of nitrogenous fertilizer in the ricefield, and (iv) explores the scope for increasing wealth from waste.



Reproductive Strategies And Developmental Patterns In Annelids


Reproductive Strategies And Developmental Patterns In Annelids
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Author : Adriaan W.C. Dorresteijn
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-04-18

Reproductive Strategies And Developmental Patterns In Annelids written by Adriaan W.C. Dorresteijn and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-18 with Science categories.


The fascination of the Annelida to scientists lies in the beauty of their structures and the functionality of their body plan, the tremendous adaptive radiation which has made it possible for these animals to colonize almost all marine, limnic and terrestrial biotopes. In doing so they have evolved a great variety of life forms, and their reproduction and development are correspondingly diverse, with many modes and patterns unique in the animal kingdom. In this special volume recent progress in this broad research area is presented by 26 specialists, in general through surveys or treatments of selected examples. Some of them review important annelid taxa such as the Nereididae, Syllidae, Spionidae, Cirratulidae, Clitellata, and Pogonophora; others analyse reproductive and developmental structures and phenomena in annelids, e.g. segmental organs, sex pheromones, oogenesis, mating systems, sperm types, life cycles, larval settlement, cleavage and symmetry of embryos, or discuss controversial approaches to annelid systematics. The book will be of interest to all zoologists who work with annelids as well as to embryologists and other researchers in reproductive biology.



Reproductive Biology And Phylogeny Of Annelida


Reproductive Biology And Phylogeny Of Annelida
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Author : Barrie G M Jamieson
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2006-01-03

Reproductive Biology And Phylogeny Of Annelida written by Barrie G M Jamieson and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-01-03 with Science categories.


Annelida is a diverse group of animals, commonly referred to as segmented worms and currently comprising around 14000 described species. Found in most marine and freshwater areas, annelids have also successfully occupied many subterranean habitats. This volume documents annelid reproduction in the context of their phylogenetic relationships. It presents an introduction and overview to the current systematics of annelids and provides reviews to broad aspects of reproduction across Annelida. The chapters cover oogenesis, sperm, mating, early development, larval development and larval ecology. The book also covers some of the major clades (or purported clades) of annelids and addresses similar issues. The final chapter covers some of the more problematic annelid groups in terms of their phylogenetic placement.



Annelida


Annelida
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Author : Günter Purschke
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2020-02-24

Annelida written by Günter Purschke and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-24 with Science categories.


This book is the second volume in a series of 4 volumes in the Handbook of Zoology series treating morphology, anatomy, reproduction, development, ecology, phylogeny, systematics and taxonomy of polychaetous Annelida. In this volume a comprehensive review of a few more derived higher taxa within Sedentaria are given, namely Sabellida, Opheliida/Capitellida as well as Hrabeiellidae. The former comprise annelids possessing a body divided into two more or less distinct regions or tagmata called thorax and abdomen. Here two groups of families are united, the spioniform and sabelliform polychaetes. Especially Spionidae and Sabellidae are speciose families within this group and represent two of the largest annelid families. These animals live in various types of burrows or tubes and all possess so-called feeding palps. In one group these appendages are differentiated as grooved feeding palps, whereas in the other they may form highly elaborated circular tentacular crowns comprising a number of radioles mostly giving off numerous filamentous pinnulae. Often additionally colourful, the latter are also received the common names "feather-duster worms", "flowers of the sea", "Christmas-tree worms". Opheliida/Capitellida including five families of truly worm-like annelids without appendages represents the contrary. Their members burrow in soft bottom substrates and may be classified as non-selective deposit feeders. Molecular phylogenetic analyses have shown that Echiura or spoon worms, formerly regarded to represent a separate phylum, are members of this group. Last not least Hrabeiellidae is one out of only two families of oligochaete-like terrestrial polychaetes and for this reason received strong scientific interest.



Annelida


Annelida
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Author : Günter Purschke
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2019-03-18

Annelida written by Günter Purschke and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-18 with Science categories.


This book is the first in a series of 4 volumes in the Handbook of Zoology series about morphology, anatomy, reproduction, development, ecology, phylogeny and systematics of Annelida. This first volume covers members of the so-called basal radiation and the first part of Sedentaria. It is supplemented by chapters on the history of annelid research, their fossil record, and an introduction to the phylogeny of annelids and their position in the tree of life. In the latter chapter the history of their systematic is reviewed giving an almost complete picture of systematic-scientific progress especially in the past years which changed our view on annelid phylogeny dramatically. The most basal annelids, lately united as Palaeoannelida, represent two families of aberrant polychaetes formerly often suggested to be highly derived which now give us a fresh look on how the ancestral annelid may have looked like. These lack certain key characters such as nuchal organs and possess rather simple nervous systems which now likely represent primitive character states. In this basal radiation the first taxon of apparently unsegmented and achaetigerous animals is positioned, the Sipuncula. Most likely another group of platyhelminth-like and unsegmented and even chaeta-lees annelids, Lobatocerebridae falls into this basal radiation. The section of Sedentaria starts with Orbiniida, a taxon characterized by elongated, thread-like worms which do not have anterior appendages like palps and comprises several families representing members of the Meiofauna. These minute worms often inhabiting the interstitial spaces in marine sands are suggested to have evolved by progenesis. The second higher taxon is represented by Cirratuliformia comprising nine families of typical sedentary polychaetes each of which showing a remarkable variation of the annelid body plan. Members of this taxon usually exhibit many annelid characters but certain also lack the most typical prostomial appendages, the palps.



Annelids In Modern Biology


Annelids In Modern Biology
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Author : Daniel H. Shain
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2009-04-22

Annelids In Modern Biology written by Daniel H. Shain and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-04-22 with Science categories.


Annelids offer a diversity of experimentally accessible features making them a rich experimental subject across the biological sciences, including evolutionary development, neurosciences and stem cell research. This volume introduces the Annelids and their utility in evolutionary developmental biology, neurobiology, and environmental/ecological studies, including extreme environments. The book demonstrates the variety of fields in which Annelids are already proving to be a useful experimental system. Describing the utility of Annelids as a research model, this book is an invaluable resource for all researchers in the field.



The Biology Of Reproduction


The Biology Of Reproduction
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Author : Giuseppe Fusco
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2019-10-10

The Biology Of Reproduction written by Giuseppe Fusco and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10-10 with Medical categories.


A look into the phenomena of sex and reproduction in all organisms, taking an innovative, unified and comprehensive approach.



Reproductive And Developmental Strategies


Reproductive And Developmental Strategies
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Author : Kazuya Kobayashi
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-06-01

Reproductive And Developmental Strategies written by Kazuya Kobayashi and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-01 with Science categories.


This book provides new insights into the universality of biological systems in animal reproduction and development by a comparative study of a variety of mechanisms in animals ranging from basal invertebrates to vertebrates, including mammals. Animals accomplish genetic diversity through meiosis and fertilization, and during embryogenesis animals must produce specialized cell types, including germ cells, in accordance with their individual body plan. This series of phenomena is essential to the continuity of life in the animal kingdom, and animals show various reproductive and developmental strategies. This volume, comprising four parts, reviews animal kingdom diversity, including reproductive strategies and germ cell differentiation mechanisms (Part 1), sex determination and differentiation (Part2), the mechanisms of fertilization (Part 3), and body axis formation (Part 4). Readers will find descriptions of the reproduction or development of 180 species, 13 phyla, 35 classes, 74 orders, 117 families, and 151 genera in this book. Of particular interest is the diversity of molecules and mechanisms used to achieve the same biological purpose in different animals. Undergraduates, graduate students, and professional scientists who want a deeper understanding of animal reproductive and developmental mechanisms will find this book to be of great value.



Pleistoannelida Errantia Ii


Pleistoannelida Errantia Ii
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Author : Günter Purschke
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2022-01-19

Pleistoannelida Errantia Ii written by Günter Purschke and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-19 with Science categories.


This book is the fourth in a series of 4 volumes in the Handbook of Zoology series about morphology, anatomy, reproduction, development, ecology, phylogeny and systematics of Annelida. It covers the most typical polychaetes, Phyllodocida, together with certain smaller taxa placed incertae sedis. This volume completes the polychaetous Annelida. Phyllodocida are often vagile, possess well-developed parapodia. Due to their broad and flat cirri these parapodia look like leaves in some taxa and leading to the name of the entire group. Many of its members are macrophagous and often predators. Accordingly most species possess elaborate sense structures such as sensory palps, antennae, eyes and nuchal organs. In certain species the eyes comprise thousands of photoreceptor cells and lenses most likely allowing forming true images. Phyllodocida typically possess an axial muscular pharynx called proboscis functioning as a kind of suction pipe allowing them to swallow and ingest their prey or other food. This pharynx may be armed with cuticular jaws and some species even possess venom glands. The probably most popular and important polychaete model organism, Platynereis dumerilii, belongs to this interesting group. Phyllodocida fall into two to three higher clades comprising about 25 families which represent more than one fourth of the polychaete diversity. One of these families, Syllidae, comprises about 700 valid species of mainly small size and may, therefore, represent one of the most complex and somehow difficult polychaete families on Earth.



Monitoring And Evaluation Of Soil Conservation And Watershed Development Projects


Monitoring And Evaluation Of Soil Conservation And Watershed Development Projects
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Author : Jan de Graaff
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2007-01-10

Monitoring And Evaluation Of Soil Conservation And Watershed Development Projects written by Jan de Graaff and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-01-10 with Technology & Engineering categories.


Annelida is a diverse group of animals, commonly referred to as segmented worms and currently comprising around 14000 described species. Found in most marine and freshwater areas, annelids have also successfully occupied many subterranean habitats. This volume documents annelid reproduction in the context of their phylogenetic relationships. It presents an introduction and overview to the current systematics of annelids and provides reviews to broad aspects of reproduction across Annelida. The chapters cover oogenesis, sperm, mating, early development, larval development and larval ecology. The book also covers some of the major clades (or purported clades) of annelids and addresses similar issues. The final chapter covers some of the more problematic annelid groups in terms of their phylogenetic placement.