Resource Allocation Theory Applied To Farm Animal Production

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Resource Allocation Theory Applied To Farm Animal Production

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Author : Wendy M. Rauw
language : en
Publisher: CABI
Release Date : 2008-12-08

Resource Allocation Theory Applied To Farm Animal Production written by Wendy M. Rauw and has been published by CABI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-12-08 with Livestock productivity categories.

According to the Resource Allocation Theory, an individual's genetic potential can only be realized in an environment in which essential food resources are adequately supplied. This book describes resource allocation patterns in natural populations, the costs, preferences and trade-offs of maintenance, growth, reproduction and immune function, the consequences of selection for high production efficiency in livestock species, methods that can be used to quantify resource allocation patterns, and the application of resource allocation theory to improve animal production and wellbeing.

Resource Allocation Theory Applied To Farm Animal Production

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Author : Wendy M. Rauw
language : en
Publisher: CABI
Release Date : 2009

Resource Allocation Theory Applied To Farm Animal Production written by Wendy M. Rauw and has been published by CABI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Medical categories.

This book is about resource allocation matters with the aim to further development thoughts and models on resource allocation applied to livestock production. It contains 18 chapters divided into 4 parts which discuss resources and resource allocation patterns, trade-offs, metabolic constraints to resource allocation and the process of homeorhesis with a special emphasis to homeorhesis during heat stress; the relationship between food intake and resources allocated to body maintenance, growth, reproduction and the immune response; the consequences of high production efficiency in pigs, poultry and dairy cattle and the consequences of improved production by means of biological engineering and options to include resource allocation matters in the breeding objective, animal welfare and in resource allocation modelling.

Feed Efficiency In The Beef Industry

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Author : Rodney A. Hill
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2012-06-18

Feed Efficiency In The Beef Industry written by Rodney A. Hill and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-06-18 with Science categories.

Feed Efficiency in the Beef Industry provides a thorough and concise overview of feed efficiency in beef cattle. It frames the great importance of feed efficiency to the industry and details the latest findings of the many scientific disciplines that intersect and aim to improve efficient and sustainable production of nutritious beef. The vast majority of production costs are directly tied to feed. With increased demand for grains to feed a rapidly increasing world population and to supply a new demand for alternative fuels, feed costs continue to increase. In recent years, the negative environmental impacts of inefficient feeding have also been realized; as such feed efficiency is an important factor in both economic viability and environmental sustainability of cattle production. Feed Efficiency in the Beef Industry covers a broad range of topics ranging from economic evaluation of feed efficiency to the physiological and genetic bases of efficient conversion of feed to high quality beef. Chapters also look at how a fuller understanding of feed efficiency is leading to new selective breeding efforts to develop more efficient cattle. With wide-ranging coverage from leading international researchers, Feed Efficiency will be a valuable resource for producers who wish to understand the complexities, challenges, and opportunities to reduce their cost of production, for students studying the topic and for researchers and professionals working in the beef industry.

Livestock Health And Farming

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Author : Muhammad Abubakar
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2020-04-22

Livestock Health And Farming written by Muhammad Abubakar and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-04-22 with Science categories.

Livestock Health and Farming provides a detailed description of key aspects of livestock health issues and farming practices. Chapters cover such topics as antimicrobial resistance in livestock, nutrition and its role in animal health and farming, nutrition and health management in dairy animals, and livestock feeding in semi-arid regions.

Should We Aim For Genetic Improvement In Host Resistance Or Tolerance To Infectious Disease

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Author : Andrea B. Doeschl-Wilson
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
Release Date :

Should We Aim For Genetic Improvement In Host Resistance Or Tolerance To Infectious Disease written by Andrea B. Doeschl-Wilson and has been published by Frontiers E-books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.

Recent advances in quantitative genetic and genomic studies have shed light on the important role of genetic control strategies for reducing disease risk and severity in livestock populations. There are two alternative host defence strategies to infectious pathogens that could be enhanced by genetic selection: improvement of host resistance versus improvement of host tolerance to infectious pathogens. Resistance refers to mechanisms that restrict the reproduction rate of a pathogen within a host, whilst tolerance mechanisms focus on minimising the damage that a pathogen inflicts on the host. Both strategies may have a similar impact on individual host fitness and performance, but can have contrasting effects on population performance and disease risk and severity. For example, improving host resistance may result in successful eradication of a disease from a livestock population, whereas disease eradication may be difficult if hosts are tolerant as these can harbour the pathogen without showing obvious or severe symptoms. On the other hand, it has been argued that increasing host resistance would fuel the arms race between host and pathogen and stimulate pathogen evolution towards higher virulence. Increasing tolerance, in contrast, imposes no or little selection pressure on the pathogen. Further, whereas disease resistance mechanisms may be specific to a particular pathogen (e.g. development of specific antibodies), tolerance mechanisms that repair damaged tissues are associated with the host rather than the pathogen, and are thus more likely to be generic to a range of pathogens. Hence, improving tolerance may be beneficial if individuals are exposed to a variety of pathogens or pathogen strains, and disease eradication has proven difficult. In contrast to evolutionary biology and plant breeding, animal breeding has only recently started to seriously consider a distinction between disease resistance and tolerance and their consequences. However, a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms and implications of improving either or both of the host defence mechanisms on future disease risk and severity is urgently needed by animal scientists, veterinarians and breeders to make informed decisions that help to maintain healthy livestock populations and guarantee food security. The topic ‘genetic improvement of disease resistance v tolerance’ would lend itself to research papers covering a variety of aspects that need to be considered, such as ‘how to obtain genetic parameter estimates and genomic breeding values related to disease resistance / tolerance’, ‘evidence for host genetic influence of resistance or tolerance’, ‘genetic, genomic and immunological understanding of resistance / tolerance mechanisms’, ‘epidemiological consequences of improving disease resistance / tolerance’. I believe that this research topic is both timely and relevant, and that sufficient knowledge is available across disciplines for composing valuable research / review articles that stimulate interest to a wide range of readers of Frontiers, and thus promote the growth of this journal.

Proceedings Of 12th World Congress On Genetics Applied To Livestock Production Wcgalp

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Author : R.F. Veerkamp
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2022-12-31

Proceedings Of 12th World Congress On Genetics Applied To Livestock Production Wcgalp written by R.F. Veerkamp and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-12-31 with Technology & Engineering categories.

The proceedings of the 12th World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production provide you with 816 papers representing the leading research in livestock genetics around the globe. This book covers all aspects of genetics applied to livestock production in 44 sections. Next to the exciting plenary speakers, and the recurrent technical and species orientated sections, there are sections focusing on specific challenges for animal breeding. For instance, large-scale phenotyping of individual animals, use of whole genome sequence data and improving genomic prediction, and sessions on the contribution that genetics can make to societal challenges, like animal welfare, climate change, biodiversity, or control of infectious diseases.

Animal Breeding And Genetics

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Author : Matthew L. Spangler
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-11-01

Animal Breeding And Genetics written by Matthew L. Spangler and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-11-01 with Medical categories.

This newly updated and revised volume of the Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology (ESST) details the role of Animal Breeding and Genetics in the sustainability of animal agriculture. The volume covers scientific principles and applications includes the current science used to advance cattle, poultry, swine,sheep, and equine populations, as well as the future role of techniques such as gene editing. International leaders in the field explain foundational concepts such as heritability, the covariance between relatives, statistical approaches to predicting the genetic merit of individuals, and the development and advancement of molecular techniques to elucidate changes in the DNA sequence that underly phenotypic variation. The use of genetic-based tools to improve animal agriculture and meet consumer demands across species is treated in detail. Readers will gain an understanding of how global livestock producers have implemented advanced genetic selection tools and used them to improve reproduction, production, efficiency, health, and sustainability. The interactions of genetics and production environments, and the genetic components of the complex interactions among animals are also discussed. The future of Animal Breeding and Genetics, including the challenges and opportunities that exist in feeding a growing world population, are addressed.

Biology Of Domestic Animals

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Author : Colin G. Scanes
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2017-09-01

Biology Of Domestic Animals written by Colin G. Scanes and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-01 with Nature categories.

There is increasing interest in the biology of domestic animals ranging from genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, nutritional physiology, and systems biology. This book touches on all of these, with a particular focus on topics such as domestic animals as comparative models to humans, molecular regulation of growth, metabolic efficiency, reproduction, and the impact of stress on growth and development. The book concludes with a discussion on the current and future directions for researchers.

Improving Animal Welfare Through Genetic Selection

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Author : Wendy Mercedes Rauw
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2016-07-12

Improving Animal Welfare Through Genetic Selection written by Wendy Mercedes Rauw and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-12 with Genetics categories.

In livestock species, breeding goals are aimed primarily at improvement of production traits. However, there are a number of examples where selection for high production efficiency has resulted in reduced welfare through unfavorable outcomes in health and fitness characteristics. These effects raise questions about what is ethically acceptable in animal breeding. Welfare problems may be experienced when physiological balance is disturbed by genetic selection for high production alone, by a mismatch between the environmental challenges and the range of coping responses available to an animal, or from a mismatch between the animal’s needs and their degree of satisfaction. This may be resolved by either improving the environment to support the animal, but also by providing the animal, through genetic selection, with means to adapt to the production environment. The Standing Committee of the European Convention for the Protection of Animals kept for Farming Purposes emphasizes that breeding goals should include health and welfare. The Farm Animal Welfare Council pleas for a greater emphasis in breeding programs on traits associated with good welfare. However, although breeding goals in most farm animal species have been broadened beyond production traits to include functional traits, behavioral traits are rarely included despite their potential to improve animal production and welfare. It is the goal of the present Research Topic to bring together experimental and theoretical research focusing on the genetics of welfare traits and the possibility to improve animal welfare through selection. This topic presents an overview of the relationship between selection for high production and livestock robustness, examples of improving robustness through the introduction of novel traits in livestock breeding, and a discussion on selection methods to address welfare issues. The discussion on sustainability of breeding practices is very alive today and will remain to be an important part of the debate in the future.

Bridging Research Disciplines To Advance Animal Welfare Science

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Author : Irene Camerlink
language : en
Publisher: CABI
Release Date : 2021-11-05

Bridging Research Disciplines To Advance Animal Welfare Science written by Irene Camerlink and has been published by CABI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-05 with Medical categories.

In recent years there has been a huge rise in interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary research in animal sciences which has accelerated improvements in animal welfare. Down to earth and practical, this book gives guidance on how cross-disciplinary research can advance animal welfare. The aim of the book is to help researchers and graduate animal science students to understand how to advance animal welfare through the integration of disciplines.