Restoring Functional Behaviors After Traumatic Peripheral Nerve Injuries
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Restoring Functional Behaviors After Traumatic Peripheral Nerve Injuries
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Author : George Davis Bittner
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2024-02-20
Restoring Functional Behaviors After Traumatic Peripheral Nerve Injuries written by George Davis Bittner and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-02-20 with Science categories.
Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) by trauma are the most common neuronal injury in civilian and military populations and significantly burden health care systems. Mammals (including humans) with PNIs experience: (1) immediate loss of sensory and motor functions mediated by the denervated target tissues; (2) rapid (3-7d) Wallerian Degeneration (WD) of severed distal axonal segments; and, (3) slow (~1mm/day) regeneration by naturally occurring axonal outgrowths from surviving, severed proximal stumps that produce poor (if any) functional recovery because of slow axonal regeneration for long distances and lack of axonal guidance. Denervated muscle fibers and sensory organs often atrophy before any re-innervation can occur.
The Potential Therapeutic Approaches To Improve Peripheral Nerve Functional Recovery From Injury
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Author : Kuang-Ching Chris Tseng
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
The Potential Therapeutic Approaches To Improve Peripheral Nerve Functional Recovery From Injury written by Kuang-Ching Chris Tseng and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
"Traumatic peripheral nerve crush injuries contribute a great deal of morbidity in patients and little improvement has been made in the treatment of these injuries in many years. Diagnosis and treatment of traumatic peripheral nerve damage suffer from a lack of means of accurately diagnosing the reasons for loss of nerve function and a lack of means of enhancing the time course of repair in injuries in which nerve function is lost for reasons other than axonal transection. In the current work, we demonstrate that administration of erythropoietin (EPO) shortens the time course of recovery after experimental crush injury to the mouse sciatic nerve. We found that systemic EPO administration maintained more myelinated axons at the site of injury in vivo following sciatic nerve crush. In vitro, EPO treatment promotes myelin formation and protects myelin from the effects of nitric oxide exposure in co-cultures of Schwann cells and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. These results suggested local EPO application might also be effective in promoting functional recovery, which would avoid potential systemic side effects of systemic EPO administration. We therefore developed a novel local treatment for peripheral nerve injury of EPO delivered in a fibrin glue matrix at the site of injury. Local delivery was as effective as systemic EPO administration, and thus may provide a potentially useful approach to enhancing recovery in peripheral nerve injuries. We also demonstrate that a single administration of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), which enables impulse conduction in demyelinated axons, transiently restores function and allows identification of injuries in which axons are intact but not functional. We further demonstrate that repeated 4-AP administration markedly improves the time course of recovery from crush injuries in the peripheral nerve as determined by behavioral and electophysiological analyses. Equal or greater efficacy is provided by localized delivery of slow-release formulations of 4-AP at the lesion site. In addition, we provide biochemical and ultrastructural evidence to show that repeated systemic 4-AP delivery and localized slow-release delivery enhance remyelination after injury. Thus, we provide a single therapeutic approach that addresses critical issues in diagnosing peripheral nerve injury and enhancing repair, and provides the first pharmacological approach to enhancing myelin repair. As 4-AP is already used in the clinic for treatment of multiple sclerosis, our approaches are highly suitable for rapid translation from the laboratory to clinical analysis"--Pages v-vi.
Neuropathic Pain
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Author : Jianguo Cheng
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2019-01-21
Neuropathic Pain written by Jianguo Cheng and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-21 with Medical categories.
Neuropathic pain is one of the most common, most debilitating, most costly, and most difficult to treat categories of chronic pain conditions that are characterized by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory nervous system. Managing neuropathic pain is challenging and requires skillful assessment and comprehensive and integrated treatment strategies that are mechanism-guided, evidence-based, and individualized. However, these critical and integral elements are very fragmented in the current literature. The mechanistic understanding of neuropathic pain is typically found in basic research articles. Clinical research evidence is presented in forms of clinical trials with emphasis on minimizing biases such as those from patient selection and assessment. Individualized considerations for each patient are usually presented in case reports and problem-based learning discussions. This book overcomes these barriers and integrates all the critical elements around individual patient care into a coherent management strategy that is practical and applicable to daily clinical practice. Rather than compiling what have been published in the literature, this work emphasizes on identifying and highlighting the key points or findings that guide decision-making in clinical practice. It integrates the key points around a typical case scenario that not only represents the core of the diagnostic and therapeutic processes but also allows introduction and differentiation of painful conditions that bare similarities with the case in hand. The overarching goal is to improve clinical outcomes through better understanding of the mechanisms, more accurate diagnosis, and wiser and more comprehensive treatment strategies.
Indwelling Neural Implants
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Author : William M. Reichert
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2007-12-17
Indwelling Neural Implants written by William M. Reichert and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-12-17 with Medical categories.
Despite enormous advances made in the development of external effector prosthetics over the last quarter century, significant questions remain, especially those concerning signal degradation that occurs with chronically implanted neuroelectrodes. Offering contributions from pioneering researchers in neuroprosthetics and tissue repair, Indwel
Brachial Plexus Injury
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Author : Jörg Bahm
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2022-01-26
Brachial Plexus Injury written by Jörg Bahm and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-26 with Medical categories.
In this book, specialists from different countries and continents share their knowledge and experience in brachial plexus surgery. It discusses the different types of brachial plexus injury and advances in surgical treatments.
The Function Of Schwann Cells In Peripheral Nervous System
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Author : Bo He
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2023-02-08
The Function Of Schwann Cells In Peripheral Nervous System written by Bo He and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-02-08 with Science categories.
Biologics In Orthopaedic Surgery
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Author : Augustus D Mazzocca
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
Release Date : 2018-11-27
Biologics In Orthopaedic Surgery written by Augustus D Mazzocca and has been published by Elsevier Health Sciences this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-27 with Medical categories.
Designed with the practicing clinician in mind, Biologics in Orthopaedic Surgery provides a succinct, easy-to-digest overview of the integration of biologics (platelet-rich-plasma [PRP], bone marrow aspirate [BMA], and stem cells) into today’s orthopaedic practice. Covering relevant basic science as well as clinical applications, this concise reference takes a head-to-toe approach to the emerging role of orthobiologics for specific conditions and procedures, in addition to future directions for implementation.
Sports Injuries
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Author : Mahmut Nedim Doral
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2015-06-29
Sports Injuries written by Mahmut Nedim Doral and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-29 with Medical categories.
Sports Injuries: Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation covers the whole field of sports injuries and is an up-to-date guide for the diagnosis and treatment of the full range of sports injuries. The work pays detailed attention to biomechanics and injury prevention, examines the emerging treatment role of current strategies and evaluates sports injuries of each part of musculoskeletal system. In addition, pediatric sports injuries, extreme sports injuries, the role of physiotherapy, and future developments are extensively discussed. All those who are involved in the care of patients with sports injuries will find this textbook to be an invaluable, comprehensive, and up-to-date reference.
Peripheral Nerve Regeneration
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Author : Giovanna Gambarotta
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2019-12-24
Peripheral Nerve Regeneration written by Giovanna Gambarotta and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-12-24 with categories.
Neural Regeneration
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Author : Kwok Fai So
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2015-02-03
Neural Regeneration written by Kwok Fai So and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-02-03 with Science categories.
Neural Regeneration provides an overview of cutting-edge knowledge on a broad spectrum of neural regeneration, including: Neural regeneration in lower vertebrates Neural regeneration in the peripheral nervous system Neural regeneration in the central nervous system Transplantation-mediated neural regeneration Clinical and translational research on neural regeneration The contributors to this book are experts in their fields and work at distinguished institutions in the United States, Canada, Australia, and China. Nervous system injuries, including peripheral nerve injuries, brain and spinal cord injuries, and stroke affect millions of people worldwide every year. As a result of this high incidence of neurological injuries, neural regeneration and repair is becoming a rapidly growing field dedicated to the new discoveries to promote structural and functional recoveries based on neural regeneration. The ultimate goal is to translate the most optimal regenerative strategies to treatments of human nervous system injuries. This valuable reference book is useful for students, postdoctors, and basic and clinical scientists who are interested in neural regeneration research. Provides an overview of cutting-edge knowledge on a broad spectrum of neural regeneration Highly translational and clinically-relevance International authors who are leaders in their respective fields Vivid art work making the chapters easily understood