Revisiting The Eclipse Of Darwinism
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Revisiting The Eclipse Of Darwinism
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Author : Michał Jakub Wagner
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2024-11-01
Revisiting The Eclipse Of Darwinism written by Michał Jakub Wagner and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-11-01 with Science categories.
This book focuses on a critical reexamination of two prominent categories used in modern historiography of biology – “the eclipse of Darwinism” and the “modern synthesis”. The main objective is to critically analyze the main existing interpretations of the “eclipse of Darwinism” and emergence of the “modern synthesis”, with particular emphasis on the philosophical assumptions adopted in these interpretations. Thus, interpretations by Ernst Mayr, Peter Bowler, Mark Largent and modern historians who challenge these perspectives are discussed and critically evaluated The analysis of the above interpretations makes it possible to determine how the philosophy of science limits the interpretation of the history of a given field, and also serves as a starting point for proposing an original interpretation of the above period in the history of evolutionary biology. The ultimate goal will therefore be a proposal of a new interpretative perspective to answer following questions: Why did the “eclipse of the Darwinism” occur? How should its origins to be understood? Why did it end (and why did the “modern synthesis” emerge)? Main thesis of this book is that the “eclipse” was a direct response to inconsistent ontology upon which Darwin built his theory of evolution. Darwin referred to terms and concepts rooted in the philosophy of essentialism, which was problematic, because he tried to apply these essentialist concepts to his vision of the ever-changing nature. Therefore, all of the anti-Darwinian theories characteristic to the “eclipse of Darwinism” and later to the “modern synthesis” were produced in an attempt to reconcile essentialism with evolution and thus to correct Darwin's philosophical “error.” The book will appeal to biologists, philosophers and historians alike.
Revisiting The Eclipse Of Darwinism
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Author : Michal Wagner
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2024-11-24
Revisiting The Eclipse Of Darwinism written by Michal Wagner and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-11-24 with Science categories.
This book focuses on a critical reexamination of two prominent categories used in modern historiography of biology – “the eclipse of Darwinism” and the “modern synthesis”. The main objective is to critically analyze the main existing interpretations of the “eclipse of Darwinism” and emergence of the “modern synthesis”, with particular emphasis on the philosophical assumptions adopted in these interpretations. Thus, interpretations by Ernst Mayr, Peter Bowler, Mark Largent and modern historians who challenge these perspectives are discussed and critically evaluated The analysis of the above interpretations makes it possible to determine how the philosophy of science limits the interpretation of the history of a given field, and also serves as a starting point for proposing an original interpretation of the above period in the history of evolutionary biology. The ultimate goal will therefore be a proposal of a new interpretative perspective to answer following questions: Why did the “eclipse of the Darwinism” occur? How should its origins to be understood? Why did it end (and why did the “modern synthesis” emerge)? Main thesis of this book is that the “eclipse” was a direct response to inconsistent ontology upon which Darwin built his theory of evolution. Darwin referred to terms and concepts rooted in the philosophy of essentialism, which was problematic, because he tried to apply these essentialist concepts to his vision of the ever-changing nature. Therefore, all of the anti-Darwinian theories characteristic to the “eclipse of Darwinism” and later to the “modern synthesis” were produced in an attempt to reconcile essentialism with evolution and thus to correct Darwin's philosophical “error.” The book will appeal to biologists, philosophers and historians alike.
Revisiting The Origin Of Species
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Author : Thierry Hoquet
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-08-06
Revisiting The Origin Of Species written by Thierry Hoquet and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-06 with Social Science categories.
Contemporary interest in Darwin rises from a general ideal of what Darwin’s books ought to contain: a theory of transformation of species by natural selection. However, a reader opening Darwin’s masterpiece, On the Origin of Species, today may be struck by the fact that this "selectionist" view does not deliver the key to many aspects of the book. Without contesting the importance of natural selection to Darwinism, much less supposing that a fully-formed "Darwinism" stepped out of Darwin’s head in 1859, this innovative volume aims to return to the text of the Origin itself. Revisiting the 'Origin of Species' focuses on Darwin as theorising on the origin of variations; showing that Darwin himself was never a pan-selectionist (in contrast to some of his followers) but was concerned with "other means of modification" (which makes him an evolutionary pluralist). Furthermore, in contrast to common textbook presentations of "Darwinism", Hoquet stresses the fact that On the Origin of Species can lend itself to several contradictory interpretations. Thus, this volume identifies where rival interpretations have taken root; to unearth the ambiguities readers of Darwin have latched onto as they have produced a myriad of Darwinian legacies, each more or less faithful enough to the originator’s thought. Emphasising the historical features, complexities and intricacies of Darwin’s argument, Revisiting the 'Origin of Species' can be used by any lay readers opening Darwin’s On the Origin of Species. This volume will also appeal to students and researchers interested in areas such as Evolution, Natural Selection, Scientific Translations and Origins of Life.
Unity And Disunity In Evolutionary Biology
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Author : Richard G. Delisle
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2024-09-02
Unity And Disunity In Evolutionary Biology written by Richard G. Delisle and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-09-02 with Science categories.
It is not uncommon to see in major areas of research concerned with science that historical studies are accompanied by the rise of complementary or contradictory historiographies. With time, it seems, scholars discover new approaches to study topics, thus questioning old concepts, traditions, periodizations and historical labels. Apparently, this has not been the case in evolutionary thought. In that area, the main historiographic labels such as Darwinian Revolution, Eclipse of Darwinism, and Modern Synthesis have been in place and largely uncontested for about 50 years. Such labels seem to work as irrefutable, and often hidden, premises of many historical reconstructions, philosophical analyses, and scientific conceptualizations. This volume aims to move beyond this state of affair, opening new thinking avenues by revisiting the traditional historiography and laying the groundwork for establishing a “new historiography” that considers the intertwined threads that compose evolutionary biology. Notably, evolutionary studies seem to have been marked by the tension between unification attempts and the proliferation of approaches, methodologies, and styles of thinking. As the contributors to this volume illustrate, research traditions branched off throughout the history of evolutionary thought, before and after Charles Darwin. The resulting complexity challenges traditional thinking categories, throwing a somewhat different light on a more recent label like the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis. More than 40 years after the now classic, The Evolutionary Synthesis: Perspectives on the Unification of Biology (1980), edited by Ernst Mayr and William Provine, the contributors to this volume aim to reevaluate where evolutionary biology stands today.
Phenotypic Plasticity Evolution
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Author : David W. Pfennig
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2021-05-31
Phenotypic Plasticity Evolution written by David W. Pfennig and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-31 with Science categories.
Phenotypic plasticity – the ability of an individual organism to alter its features in direct response to a change in its environment – is ubiquitous. Understanding how and why this phenomenon exists is crucial because it unites all levels of biological inquiry. This book brings together researchers who approach plasticity from diverse perspectives to explore new ideas and recent findings about the causes and consequences of plasticity. Contributors also discuss such controversial topics as how plasticity shapes ecological and evolutionary processes; whether specific plastic responses can be passed to offspring; and whether plasticity has left an important imprint on the history of life. Importantly, each chapter highlights key questions for future research. Drawing on numerous studies of plasticity in natural populations of plants and animals, this book aims to foster greater appreciation for this important, but frequently misunderstood phenomenon. Key Features Written in an accessible style with numerous illustrations, including many in color Reviews the history of the study of plasticity, including Darwin’s views Most chapters conclude with recommendations for future research
Images Of The Economy Of Nature 1650 1930
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Author : Antonello La Vergata
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-10-05
Images Of The Economy Of Nature 1650 1930 written by Antonello La Vergata and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-10-05 with Science categories.
The book discusses ideas concerning the order and balance of nature (or "economy of nature") from the late 17th century to the early 20th century. The perspective taken is broad, longue durée and interdisciplinary, and reveals the interplay of scientific, philosophical, moral and social ideas. The story begins with natural theology (dating roughly to the onset of the so-called Newtonian Revolution) and ends with the First World War. The cut-off date has been chosen for the following reasons: the war changed the state of things, affecting man’s way of looking at, and relating to, nature both directly and indirectly; indeed, it put an end to most applications of Darwinism to society and history, including interpretations of war as a form of the struggle for existence. The author presents an overview of the different images of nature that were involved in these debates, especially in the late 19th century, when a large part of the scientific community paid lip service to ‘Darwinism’, while practically each expert felt free to interpret it in his own distinct way. The book also touches on the so-called ‘social Darwinism’, which was neither a real theory, nor a common body of ideas, and its various views of society and nature’s economy. Part of this book deals with the persistence of moralizing images of nature in the work of many authors. One of the main features of the book is its wealth of (detailed) quotations. In this way the author gives the reader the opportunity to see the original statements on which the author bases his discussion. The author privileges the analysis of different positions over a historiography offering a merely linear narrative based on general implications of ideas and theories. To revisit the concept of the so-called "Darwinian Revolution", we need to examine the various perspectives of scientists and others, their language and, so to speak, the lenses they used when reading "facts" and theories. The book ends with some general reflections on Darwin and Darwinisms (the plural is important) as a case study on the relationship between intellectual history, the history of science and contextual history. Written by a historian, this book really gives new, multidisciplinary perspectives on the "Darwinian Revolution."
Darwin Darwinism And Conservation In The Galapagos Islands
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Author : Diego Quiroga
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-10-03
Darwin Darwinism And Conservation In The Galapagos Islands written by Diego Quiroga and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-03 with Nature categories.
The book explores how Darwin ́s legendary and mythologized visit to the Galapagos affected the socioecosystems of the Islands, as well as the cultural and intellectual traditions of Ecuador and Latin America. It highlights in what way the connection between Darwin and the Galapagos has had real, enduring and paradoxical effects in the Archipelago. This Twenty Century construct of the Galapagos as the cradle of Darwin’s theory and insights triggered not only the definition of the Galapagos as a living natural laboratory but also the production of a series of conservation practices and the reshaping of the Galapagos as a tourism destination with an increasingly important flow of tourists that potentially threaten its fragile ecosystems. The book argues that the idea of a Darwinian living laboratory has been limited by the success of the very same constructs that promote its conservation. It suggests critical interpretations of this paradox by questioning many of the dichotomies that have been created to understand nature and its conservation. We also explore some possible ways in which Darwin's ideas can be used to better understand the social and natural threats facing the Islands and to develop sustainable and successful management practices.
Historicism And The Human Sciences In Victorian Britain
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Author : Mark Bevir
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2017-03-10
Historicism And The Human Sciences In Victorian Britain written by Mark Bevir and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-10 with History categories.
This book studies the rise and nature of historicist approaches to life, race, character, language, political economy, and empire. Arguing that Victorians understood life and society as developing historically in a way that made history central to public culture, it will appeal to those interested in Victorian Britain, historiography, and intellectual history.
Thomistic Philosophy In The Face Of Evolutionary Fact
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Author : Juan Eduardo Carreño Pavez
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2024-06-07
Thomistic Philosophy In The Face Of Evolutionary Fact written by Juan Eduardo Carreño Pavez and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-06-07 with Philosophy categories.
The purpose of this book is to integrate the fact of biological evolution (which, as such, should not be confused with the evolutionary theories and ideologies supposedly based on that fact) with the principles and contents of Thomistic philosophy. After identifying the main difficulties involved in this endeavor—and how they have been addressed by other authors within the Thomistic tradition—we present our own thesis. We begin by arguing that the diversity of species and varieties of corporeal living beings is consistent with Aquinas’ thought. Next, we distinguish between two forms of evolution, namely, intraspecific and transspecific; following the central tenets of Aquinas’ philosophy, the ontological significance and causalities involved in both types of evolution are analyzed. We complete this exposition by offering a general overview of evolutionary history in light of the criteria presented, with emphasis on anthropogenesis. Juan Eduardo Carreño Pavez (1976) holds a PhD in Medical Sciences and a PhD in Philosophy. After completing a postdoc at the Center for Medieval Philosophy, Georgetown University, he returned to the University of los Andes, Chile, where he has a position as Associate Professor. His research has focused on Thomas Aquinas’ thought, mediaeval philosophy, and the dialogue between theology, philosophy and science. He is the author of several articles and monographs, including Vivere viventibus est esse: la vida como perfección del ser en la obra de Tomás de Aquino (Eunsa, 2020), and Una reconsideración del estatus de la mente animal y humana (Ril Editores, 2024).
Psychoanalysis Science And Power
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Author : Kurt Jacobsen
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2022-11-30
Psychoanalysis Science And Power written by Kurt Jacobsen and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-11-30 with Psychology categories.
Psychoanalysis, Science and Power reexamines the current state of psychoanalysis and science and technology studies as they have been influenced by Robert Maxwell Young’s work. Robert Maxwell Young, a Texas émigré to Britain, was a scholar, publisher, TV documentarian, psychoanalytic psychotherapist, journal editor, conference organizer and political activist. Young urged that psychoanalysis, particularly in its Kleinian incarnation, illuminated new aspects of science and technology studies, and vice versa. This volume not only provides an overview of Young’s life and interests by a stellar cast of scholars and practitioners but also commemorates the many and intersecting streams of his contributions, reasoning for their continuing relevance in the contemporary studies of psychoanalysis, biological sciences, technology and Darwinian thought. Presenting perspectives that are rigorously analytical and yet often poignant, Psychoanalysis, Science and Power will be an important read for students, analysts and analytic therapists of all orientations who are interested in broadening their understanding of their practice.