Risk Based Disease Surveillance
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Risk Based Disease Surveillance
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Author : A. Cameron
language : en
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO)
Release Date : 2014
Risk Based Disease Surveillance written by A. Cameron and has been published by Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Communicable diseases in animals categories.
"Increasing global population and improvements in the standard of living mean that there is a rapidly increasing demand for animal protein with intensified animal production. The international movement of animals and animal products has been made cheaper and faster through improved transport infrastructure. Increasing human and livestock population has placed pressure on wildlife habitats, resulting in closer contact between wildlife, domestic animal populations and humans with spreading and re-emergence of diseases as consequences of these risk factors. Managing these disease threats poses enormous challenges and requires good quality information: what diseases exist; where they are found; what impact they are having; which populations are at risk; how we can prevent, control or eradicate these diseases. Animal disease surveillance plays a central role in providing this information. Risk-based surveillance is not a particular technique; rather, it describes a general approach to undertaking disease surveillance. The principle is simple and self-evident: the most efficient way to find disease is to survey the animal populations that are most likely to be affected. This is in contrast to the more traditional statistically-based approach of taking representative samples from a population. While the idea of risk-based surveillance is simple, the implications are complex. The approach can be much more cost-effective for some purposes, but if misused, it can lead to serious errors or it can be more expensive than traditional approaches." --Publisher's description.
Risk Management Strategies Monitoring And Surveillance
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Author : Frans J.M. Smulders
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2023-08-28
Risk Management Strategies Monitoring And Surveillance written by Frans J.M. Smulders and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-08-28 with Business & Economics categories.
For the veterinarian, monitoring and surveillance represent the best means of ensuring sustainable animal production at a time when consumer demands reflect awareness that many of the hazards associated with food animal production can be minimised or avoided through proper management at the primary production level. Preventive medicine and quality and safety assurance programmes are primarily based on knowledge of the existing strengths and weaknesses of the clients' enterprise and their ability to enact effective intervention measures. Accordingly, the food animal veterinarian relies upon effective monitoring of current performance and herd health status both for the purpose of maximising efficiency of production and providing an assurance that the primary food product meets required health standards in terms of freedom from those agents of concern that have their origin on the farm. These agents include foodborne parasites, pathogenic bacteria, some of which display a resistance to antimicrobial agents, contaminants of environmental origin, as well as chemical and pharmaceutical residues. The more successful these hazards are addressed at the farm, the better the quality and safety of the final product and their marketing possibilities will be. Communication between the primary producer and the food processing industry that facilitates real-time exchange of information on these issues is essential for the practice of preventive medicine at the herd and flock level. Integrated food chain quality and safety control programmes, when linked to such monitoring and surveillance principles in regard to both human and animal health, represent the means of achieving sustainable food animal production on a global scale, in line with the conclusions of WTO and EU. Volume 3 of the "Food Safety Assurance and Veterinary Public Health" series addresses this collaborative approach. Leading international experts from academia, industry and governmental institutions have been identified to deal with the various aspects of this collaborative approach in monitoring and surveillance.
A Nationwide Framework For Surveillance Of Cardiovascular And Chronic Lung Diseases
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2011-08-26
A Nationwide Framework For Surveillance Of Cardiovascular And Chronic Lung Diseases written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-26 with Medical categories.
Chronic diseases are common and costly, yet they are also among the most preventable health problems. Comprehensive and accurate disease surveillance systems are needed to implement successful efforts which will reduce the burden of chronic diseases on the U.S. population. A number of sources of surveillance data--including population surveys, cohort studies, disease registries, administrative health data, and vital statistics--contribute critical information about chronic disease. But no central surveillance system provides the information needed to analyze how chronic disease impacts the U.S. population, to identify public health priorities, or to track the progress of preventive efforts. A Nationwide Framework for Surveillance of Cardiovascular and Chronic Lung Diseases outlines a conceptual framework for building a national chronic disease surveillance system focused primarily on cardiovascular and chronic lung diseases. This system should be capable of providing data on disparities in incidence and prevalence of the diseases by race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and geographic region, along with data on disease risk factors, clinical care delivery, and functional health outcomes. This coordinated surveillance system is needed to integrate and expand existing information across the multiple levels of decision making in order to generate actionable, timely knowledge for a range of stakeholders at the local, state or regional, and national levels. The recommendations presented in A Nationwide Framework for Surveillance of Cardiovascular and Chronic Lung Diseases focus on data collection, resource allocation, monitoring activities, and implementation. The report also recommends that systems evolve along with new knowledge about emerging risk factors, advancing technologies, and new understanding of the basis for disease. This report will inform decision-making among federal health agencies, especially the Department of Health and Human Services; public health and clinical practitioners; non-governmental organizations; and policy makers, among others.
Manual On Livestock Disease Surveillance And Information Systems
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO)
Release Date : 1999
Manual On Livestock Disease Surveillance And Information Systems written by and has been published by Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Animals categories.
Defining importance of diseases; FAO/EMPRES: a new emphasis; Early detection; The need for surveillance; What is surveillance?; Surveillance on the ground; Putting a surveilance system in place; Surveillance for what?; Surveillance when and how?; Surveillance in resource-poor countries; Information systems; Setting the goals; Determining needs and outputs; Computerisation; Questionnaire design; Databases; Data quality control; Feedback; The role of GIS; Motivating and training field staff; Awareness creation among decision-makers; Using surveillance as a management tool; FAO involvement in surveillance and information systems development; Examples of questionnaires.
Risk Based Evidence For Animal Health Policy
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Author : Lisa Boden
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2020
Risk Based Evidence For Animal Health Policy written by Lisa Boden and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Medical categories.
This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Global Infectious Disease Surveillance And Detection
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2007-11-11
Global Infectious Disease Surveillance And Detection written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-11-11 with Medical categories.
Early detection is essential to the control of emerging, reemerging, and novel infectious diseases, whether naturally occurring or intentionally introduced. Containing the spread of such diseases in a profoundly interconnected world requires active vigilance for signs of an outbreak, rapid recognition of its presence, and diagnosis of its microbial cause, in addition to strategies and resources for an appropriate and efficient response. Although these actions are often viewed in terms of human public health, they also challenge the plant and animal health communities. Surveillance, defined as "the continual scrutiny of all aspects of occurrence and spread of a disease that are pertinent to effective control", involves the "systematic collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of health data." Disease detection and diagnosis is the act of discovering a novel, emerging, or reemerging disease or disease event and identifying its cause. Diagnosis is "the cornerstone of effective disease control and prevention efforts, including surveillance." Disease surveillance and detection relies heavily on the astute individual: the clinician, veterinarian, plant pathologist, farmer, livestock manager, or agricultural extension agent who notices something unusual, atypical, or suspicious and brings this discovery in a timely way to the attention of an appropriate representative of human public health, veterinary medicine, or agriculture. Most developed countries have the ability to detect and diagnose human, animal, and plant diseases. Global Infectious Disease Surveillance and Detection: Assessing the Challenges-Finding Solutions, Workshop Summary is part of a 10 book series and summarizes the recommendations and presentations of the workshop.
Sustaining Global Surveillance And Response To Emerging Zoonotic Diseases
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2010-01-24
Sustaining Global Surveillance And Response To Emerging Zoonotic Diseases written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-01-24 with Medical categories.
H1N1 ("swine flu"), SARS, mad cow disease, and HIV/AIDS are a few examples of zoonotic diseases-diseases transmitted between humans and animals. Zoonotic diseases are a growing concern given multiple factors: their often novel and unpredictable nature, their ability to emerge anywhere and spread rapidly around the globe, and their major economic toll on several disparate industries. Infectious disease surveillance systems are used to detect this threat to human and animal health. By systematically collecting data on the occurrence of infectious diseases in humans and animals, investigators can track the spread of disease and provide an early warning to human and animal health officials, nationally and internationally, for follow-up and response. Unfortunately, and for many reasons, current disease surveillance has been ineffective or untimely in alerting officials to emerging zoonotic diseases. Sustaining Global Surveillance and Response to Emerging Zoonotic Diseases assesses some of the disease surveillance systems around the world, and recommends ways to improve early detection and response. The book presents solutions for improved coordination between human and animal health sectors, and among governments and international organizations. Parties seeking to improve the detection and response to zoonotic diseases-including U.S. government and international health policy makers, researchers, epidemiologists, human health clinicians, and veterinarians-can use this book to help curtail the threat zoonotic diseases pose to economies, societies, and health.
Surveillance And Zoning For Aquatic Animal Diseases
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Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
language : en
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Release Date : 2004
Surveillance And Zoning For Aquatic Animal Diseases written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and has been published by Food & Agriculture Org. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Business & Economics categories.
This publication is based on the discussions and recommendations arising from an expert consultation, jointly organised by the FAO, the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), and the Canadian Federal Department of Fisheries and Oceans, held in Rome in October 2002. It contains technical information on the design of scientifically valid zonation frameworks for disease control and surveillance, aimed at providing advice to countries building national or regional aquatic animal health management infrastructures. It includes a case study of the Atlantic Canadian oyster disease surveillance programme, which was implemented to deal with a disease outbreak which occurred at the same time as the expert meeting was being held.
A Nationwide Framework For Surveillance Of Cardiovascular And Chronic Lung Diseases
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2011-09-26
A Nationwide Framework For Surveillance Of Cardiovascular And Chronic Lung Diseases written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-09-26 with Medical categories.
Chronic diseases are common and costly, yet they are also among the most preventable health problems. Comprehensive and accurate disease surveillance systems are needed to implement successful efforts which will reduce the burden of chronic diseases on the U.S. population. A number of sources of surveillance data-including population surveys, cohort studies, disease registries, administrative health data, and vital statistics-contribute critical information about chronic disease. But no central surveillance system provides the information needed to analyze how chronic disease impacts the U.S. population, to identify public health priorities, or to track the progress of preventive efforts. A Nationwide Framework for Surveillance of Cardiovascular and Chronic Lung Diseases outlines a conceptual framework for building a national chronic disease surveillance system focused primarily on cardiovascular and chronic lung diseases. This system should be capable of providing data on disparities in incidence and prevalence of the diseases by race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and geographic region, along with data on disease risk factors, clinical care delivery, and functional health outcomes. This coordinated surveillance system is needed to integrate and expand existing information across the multiple levels of decision making in order to generate actionable, timely knowledge for a range of stakeholders at the local, state or regional, and national levels. The recommendations presented in A Nationwide Framework for Surveillance of Cardiovascular and Chronic Lung Diseases focus on data collection, resource allocation, monitoring activities, and implementation. The report also recommends that systems evolve along with new knowledge about emerging risk factors, advancing technologies, and new understanding of the basis for disease. This report will inform decision-making among federal health agencies, especially the Department of Health and Human Services; public health and clinical practitioners; non-governmental organizations; and policy makers, among others.
Wastewater Based Disease Surveillance For Public Health Action
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Author : National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2023-10-19
Wastewater Based Disease Surveillance For Public Health Action written by National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-10-19 with Medical categories.
The COVID-19 pandemic spurred a rapid expansion of wastewater-based infectious disease surveillance systems to monitor and anticipate disease trends in communities.The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) launched the National Wastewater Surveillance System in September 2020 to help coordinate and build upon those efforts. Produced at the request of CDC, this report reviews the usefulness of community-level wastewater surveillance during the pandemic and assesses its potential value for control and prevention of infectious diseases beyond COVID-19. Wastewater-based Disease Surveillance for Public Health Action concludes that wastewater surveillance is and will continue to be a valuable component of infectious disease management. This report presents a vision for a national wastewater surveillance system that would track multiple pathogens simultaneously and pivot quickly to detect emerging pathogens, and it offers recommendations to ensure that the system is flexible, equitable, and economically sustainable for informing public health actions. The report also recommends approaches to address ethical and privacy concerns and develop a more representative wastewater surveillance system. Predictable and sustained federal funding as well as ongoing coordination and collaboration among many partners will be critical to the effectiveness of efforts moving forward.