Robustness And Fragility Of Political Orders
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Robustness And Fragility Of Political Orders
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Author : Richard Ned Lebow
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2022-11-24
Robustness And Fragility Of Political Orders written by Richard Ned Lebow and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-11-24 with Philosophy categories.
A comparative, interdisciplinary volume on the robustness and fragility of political orders that focuses on leader understandings and their consequences. It includes studies of failed orders, like the Weimar Republic and the Soviet Union, current orders, like the United States, regional orders, such as the European Union, and international orders.
Rebooting Global International Society
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Author : Trine Flockhart
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-01-01
Rebooting Global International Society written by Trine Flockhart and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-01 with Political Science categories.
This book asks if it is time to “reboot” the fundamental institutions of global international society. The volume revisits Hedley Bull’s seminal contribution The Anarchical Society by exploring the interconnected nature of change, contestation and resilience for maintaining order in today’s uncertain and complex environment. The volume adds to Bull’s theorizing by recognizing that order demands change, that contestation should be welcomed, and that resilience is anchored in local and agent-led forms of ordering. The contributors to Part One of the book focus on theoretical and conceptual issues related to order in the global international society, whilst the contributors to Part Two of the book focus on the primary institutions as listed by Hedley Bull with the addition of a chapter on the market adding a distinctive commentary on new and important dynamics of change, contestation and resilience of the existing institutions.
Europe S World
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Author : Knud Erik Jørgensen
language : en
Publisher: Policy Press
Release Date : 2025-05-27
Europe S World written by Knud Erik Jørgensen and has been published by Policy Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-05-27 with Political Science categories.
The EU’s international environment is increasingly characterized by power politics, great-power rivalry, ideological contestation and war. This has challenged the liberal-internationalist identity that has been at the heart of the EU since its birth. This book examines how the EU has responded to these new realities. It analyses the introduction of a flurry of concepts including European sovereignty, strategic autonomy, civilization, responsibility and strategic compass, and asks whether these signal a reconsideration of foreign policy objectives, a new strategic orientation or possibly a paradigm shift. The book develops a theoretical framework on policy paradigms, worldviews, grand strategy, strategic narratives and the drivers of institutional change followed by chapters on the anti-liberal challenge, the evolution of the EU framework of ideas, the search for grand strategy and strategic autonomy, the response to Russian aggression and imperial thinking, and continuity and change in EU unity, working groups, green leadership and strategic communication.
Justice And International Order
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Author : Richard Ned Lebow
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2022
Justice And International Order written by Richard Ned Lebow and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with Business & Economics categories.
A comparative exploration of Western and Chinese understandings of justice and their possible use to reframe Sino-American relations and international governance.The concept of justice is central to politics: it justifies the ordering of society and the distribution of rewards. In Justice and International Order, Richard Ned Lebow and Feng Zhang compare and contrast Western and Chinese conceptions of justice. They argue that justice can almost invariably be reduced to the principles of fairness and equality, although they are developed and expressed differently in the two cultures. Lebow and Zhang show that there has been a noticeable shift in both in favoring equality over fairness in the modern era. They analyze the growing conflict between China and the West in the light of these conceptions of justice and show how they might be deployed to ameliorate it. The authors also offer a critique of what passes for global order and explore ways in which fairness and equality, and trade-offs between them, offer pathways to better and more peaceful worlds.
Crises And Challenges For The European Union
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Author : Mark Rhinard
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2023-10-19
Crises And Challenges For The European Union written by Mark Rhinard and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-10-19 with Political Science categories.
The crises of the European Union extend beyond the challenges of Covid-19, Brexit, the Eurozone, and mass migration, cutting to the core of the EU itself. Taking a structural rather than event-based approach, this text unpacks all aspects of the EU in crisis and analyses the implications of these crises for the EU and its member states. This edition argues that crises and challenges are no longer unique and discreet events facing the EU, but rather, they are better understood as sustained conditions that have changed the relationships between member states, the functioning of institutions, the nature of public engagement and the prospects for integration. Chapters broach institutional issues as well as specific policy challenges, covering questions of legitimacy and leadership and offering a full chapter on democracy and Euroscepticism. Working within both historical and theoretical frameworks, this is the perfect companion for those studying and researching contemporary challenges facing the EU, European integration, political crisis management and transboundary crises more broadly.
The First Political Order
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Author : Valerie M. Hudson
language : en
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Release Date : 2020-03-17
The First Political Order written by Valerie M. Hudson and has been published by Columbia University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-17 with Political Science categories.
Global history records an astonishing variety of forms of social organization. Yet almost universally, males subordinate females. How does the relationship between men and women shape the wider political order? The First Political Order is a groundbreaking demonstration that the persistent and systematic subordination of women underlies all other institutions, with wide-ranging implications for global security and development. Incorporating research findings spanning a variety of social science disciplines and comprehensive empirical data detailing the status of women around the globe, the book shows that female subordination functions almost as a curse upon nations. A society’s choice to subjugate women has significant negative consequences: worse governance, worse conflict, worse stability, worse economic performance, worse food security, worse health, worse demographic problems, worse environmental protection, and worse social progress. Yet despite the pervasive power of social and political structures that subordinate women, history—and the data—reveal possibilities for progress. The First Political Order shows that when steps are taken to reduce the hold of inequitable laws, customs, and practices, outcomes for all improve. It offers a new paradigm for understanding insecurity, instability, autocracy, and violence, explaining what the international community can do now to promote more equitable relations between men and women and, thereby, security and peace. With comprehensive empirical evidence of the wide-ranging harm of subjugating women, it is an important book for security scholars, social scientists, policy makers, historians, and advocates for women worldwide.
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Author : 許成鋼
language : zh-CN
Publisher: 國立臺灣大學出版中心
Release Date : 2024-12-01
written by 許成鋼 and has been published by 國立臺灣大學出版中心 this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-12-01 with Political Science categories.
為何習近平要收緊私企政策，壯大國有經濟？ 為何蘇聯東歐各國的共產政權因經濟崩潰而紛紛垮台時，中國仍屹立不搖？ 許成鋼透過「制度基因」的架構，解釋中西憲政發展與極權演變的前因與後果。 本書探討中國制度和共產極權主義制度的起源和演變，並引入「制度基因」這個分析概念，以研究從蘇俄來的制度基因如何與中國帝制的制度基因融合，創造出具有中國特色且持久的極權主義政權。制度基因是不斷自我複製並影響制度演變的基本制度要素，是可以實證識別的。 作者首先分析共產極權主義意識形態在歐洲興起，並在俄國的制度基因基礎上產生出極權主義制度。然後分析中國帝制制度基因的起源和演變，著重這些制度基因如何與蘇俄共產國際引入到中國的共產極權主義制度基因相結合，使中共得以在中國建立極權制。接著討論中國大躍進、文化大革命時期的制度變化，分析在蘇俄極權制度基因和中國傳統制度基因的基礎上，如何產生出中國特色的區域管理的極權主義制度，以及這個制度如何使得中國的改革開放獲得經濟快速發展，不僅挽救中共，而且使中國成為極權主義超級大國。 中國共產極權制的大發展應當使人們回想起米塞斯近八十年前對遏制極權主義努力失敗的警告。要扭轉這一趨勢，深入理解極權主義是必不可少的一步。 ★ 專家推薦── 為什麼中國會成為一個極權制國家？中國的共產主義與蘇聯的共產主義之間有何聯繫？是什麼導致了它們的差異？中國共產黨在未來會如何發展？在這本大膽而嚴謹的著作中，許成鋼透過深刻的歷史和經濟分析，對這些問題及更多相關問題提供了極為精彩的答案。 ──Eric Maskin（諾貝爾經濟學獎得主、哈佛大學校級亞當斯講座教授） 為什麼民主在某些國家蓬勃發展，而在其他國家卻未能如此？許多人曾預期中國的迅速崛起會導致其擁抱民主，但事實並非如此。許成鋼在這本發人深省的書中提出，原因在於他稱之為「制度基因」的根本因素，例如中國的帝國傳統和對個人自由和產權的限制。透過與最偉大思想家的對話，許應用制度基因的框架解釋了民主在西方的發展及其在俄羅斯的失敗。可以說，這些問題是當今最重要的議題之一。任何對這些問題感興趣的人都會發現這本書是必讀之作。 ──Oliver Hart（諾貝爾經濟學獎得主、哈佛大學校級蓋瑟講座教授） 我們常聽到人們談論中國的創新能力、其國家資本主義、市場體系或其現代化。然而，這本發人深省的書提出了不同的觀點。通過歷史分析、制度分析和經濟分析，本書論證了儘管有鄧小平發動的經濟改革，中國的政治和經濟體系依然是極權主義的。許成鋼認為，共產統治不僅改變了制度，而且以高度持久的方式改變了文化的許多重要方面；不理解中國的「極權制度基因」就無法理解其今天的體系。這些基因塑造了當前中國的經濟、社會生活和共產黨統治。任何對中國及其正在形成的複雜世界秩序感興趣的人都會發現這是必讀之作。 ──Daron Acemoglu（諾貝爾經濟學獎得主、麻省理工學院院級講座教授） 許成鋼以鋒利的視角剖析了現代中國極權主義的歷史和制度基因。他提供了對當代中國的治理如何從其帝制和俄羅斯布爾什維克主義的根源中發展而來的全新理解。這部歷史和政治經濟分析的傑作將立即成為任何關心中國政治體制的人必讀的權威著作。憲政自由在中國是否有機會？本書應成為關心此問題的人的必讀之作。 ——Darrell Duffie（史丹佛大學管理兼金融學亞當斯傑出講座教授） 許成鋼，這位曾撰寫關於中國經濟奇蹟背後的制度基礎的經典論文的著名經濟學家，如今為我們帶來了關於中國「區域治理極權主義」制度根源的權威分析。透過對歷史和俄國革命影響的分析，許成鋼精彩地解釋了中國在二十世紀未能實現憲政的原因。中國千年的帝制比絕對君主制更加專制，這幫助了布爾什維克制度移植和融合到中國，並創造了中國獨特的極權主義形式。這是一部深刻且極富思想性的著作，對於理解當代中國至關重要。 ──Gerard Roland（加州大學柏克萊分校經濟學兼政治學摩里斯·考克斯傑出講座教授） 世界上最大的生物不是鯨魚，而是一種名叫「奧氏蜜環菌」的巨大且鮮為人知的地下真菌。同樣，正如許成鋼在這本令人震驚且重要的書中所展示的那樣，最大的政治有機體是共產極權制，其「制度基因」在不同的時間和地點重複出現，但總是具有關鍵作用。華麗的詞藻掩蓋了無情的暴力，人類被降級為被支配的俘虜；享有自主權的不是人，而是這個系統。然而，許成鋼並非一個滿懷幻想的陰謀論者。出身於該系統並曾受教於哈佛的他，為所述觀點提供了冷靜的分析。 ──Perry Link（林培瑞，普林斯頓大學東亞研究榮休教授） 許教授提出制度基因之概念，向上追溯中華帝制之制度基因，詳細審視科舉與儒教之影響，並舉以與沙俄及布爾什維克之極權主義相比較，清楚詮釋了中共治下中國經濟改革之成功與局限。 ──明居正（國立臺灣大學政治學系名譽教授） 本書是許教授多年來對於中國經濟發展集大成之著作，並且加入歷史的縱深，以共產主義的起源和中國共產黨崛起之脈絡，說明極權主義與專制主義下經濟發展的取向。 ──趙相科（國立清華大學經濟學系教授）
Fragility Aid And State Building
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Author : Rachel M Gisselquist
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-10-05
Fragility Aid And State Building written by Rachel M Gisselquist and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-05 with Political Science categories.
Fragile states pose major development and security challenges. Considerable international resources are therefore devoted to state-building and institutional strengthening in fragile states, with generally mixed results. This volume explores how unpacking the concept of fragility and studying its dimensions and forms can help to build policy-relevant understandings of how states become more resilient and the role of aid therein. It highlights the particular challenges for donors in dealing with ‘chronically’ (as opposed to ‘temporarily’) fragile states and those with weak legitimacy, as well as how unpacking fragility can provide traction on how to take ‘local context’ into account. Three chapters present new analysis from innovative initiatives to study fragility and fragile state transitions in cross-national perspective. Four chapters offer new focused analysis of selected countries, drawing on comparative methods and spotlighting the role of aid versus historical, institutional and other factors. It has become a truism that one-size-fits-all policies do not work in development, whether in fragile or non-fragile states. This is should not be confused with a broader rejection of ‘off-the-rack’ policy models that can then be further adjusted in particular situations. Systematic thinking about varieties of fragility helps us to develop this range, drawing lessons – appropriately – from past experience. This book was originally published as a special issue of Third World Quarterly, and is available online as an Open Access monograph at https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9781351630337.
Politics By Principle Not Interest
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Author : James M. Buchanan
language : en
Publisher: Collected Works of James M. Buchanan
Release Date : 2003
Politics By Principle Not Interest written by James M. Buchanan and has been published by Collected Works of James M. Buchanan this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Business & Economics categories.
"Politics by principle is that which modern politics is not. What we observe is 'politics by interest,' whether in the form of explicitly discriminatory treatment (rewarding or punishing) of particular groupings of citizens or of some elitist-dirigiste classification of citizens into the deserving or non-deserving on the basis of a presumed superior wisdom about what is really 'good' for us all. The proper principle for politics is that of generalization of generality." --James M. Buchanan, from the Preface In his foreword, Hartmut Kliemt sums up the main objective of James M. Buchanan and Roger Congleton's Politics by Principle: "Imposing constitutional constraints on majoritarian politics such that a more principled pattern might emerge must be a political aim of high priority for all who wish for free and responsible citizens to live together peacefully as political equals under the rule of general laws. Buchanan and Congleton's efforts to revive the classical liberal agenda in Politics by Principle, Not Interest are of the greatest interest in that regard. And this interest is not merely a theoretical one." As James Buchanan notes in introducing his co-author Roger Congleton, Politics by Principle, Not Interest "embodies the working out and presentation of a single idea...the extension and application of the generality principle to majoritarian politics." After laying out the theory, Buchanan and Congleton attempt to work it out in practical political reality. Buchanan notes that "it is much easier to discuss the generality principle as an abstract ideal than it is to define the precise conditions for its satisfaction in any particular setting." Not daunted by the difficulty of the task, the two authors succeed brilliantly in applying the generality principle to the political arena. They are interested not in laying down precise do's and don'ts for politics, but in pointing out the ideal of nondiscriminatory governance and calling for constitutional constraints on political action so it conforms more closely to the generality norm. James M. Buchanan is an eminent economist who won the Alfred Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1986 and is considered one of the greatest scholars of liberty in the twentieth century. The entire series will include: Volume 1: The Logical Foundations of Constitutional Liberty Volume 2: Public Principles of Public Debt Volume 3: The Calculus of Consent Volume 4: Public Finance in Democratic Process Volume 5: The Demand and Supply of Public Goods Volume 6: Cost and Choice Volume 7: The Limits of Liberty Volume 8: Democracy in Deficit Volume 9: The Power to Tax Volume 10: The Reason of Rules Volume 11: Politics by Principle, Not Interest Volume 12: Economic Inquiry and Its Logic Volume 13: Politics as Public Choice Volume 14: Debt and Taxes Volume 15: Externalities and Public Expenditure Theory Volume 16: Choice, Contract, and Constitutions Volume
Fragile Stability As A Political Background Of October 7
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Author : Aiko Nishikida
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2025-04-15
Fragile Stability As A Political Background Of October 7 written by Aiko Nishikida and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-04-15 with Political Science categories.
This edited book aims to offer a comprehensive analysis of the preceding and ongoing development of the Israel-Gaza war, using a multidisciplinary approach. The chapters, written by scholars of the Middle Eastern studies, political science, anthropology, and international law, investigate the root causes of the eruption of the war, taking a viewpoint from within. Hamas’s attack on Israel on October 7, 2023 caused deep shockwaves throughout the world. While the developments seemed unprecedented, the question remains whether it was an unpredictable total surprise. Given the context surrounding Palestine and Israel, it is likely that there were inherent elements in the preceding political environment that led to the current humanitarian disaster and quagmire of the battle. The assumption is that the existence of “fragile stability” might have caused the October 7 attack. What kind of fragility and robustness of the framework existed in the political, social, legal, and international conditions? How did these conditions affect the conduct of the actors in this region ultimately leading to the current situation? What challenges are likely to emerge in this region in the near future? This book addresses these questions from various perspectives. For the best clarification of the questions, authors include experts in American studies who discuss the diplomatic intervention of the United States, a former judge of the International Criminal Court who explores the role of international law in the conflict, and a legal advisor to the Oslo Peace Process who provides understanding the deep roots of the conflict. The analysis of this volume will provide an in-depth understanding of the background of the October 7 attack and contributes to the theoretical development of the concept of “fragile stability,” which can be applied to examine other cases of conflict. “Fragile Stability provides a compelling and in-depth historical account of the background that proceeded Hamas’ assault on October 7, 2023, and how it led to an unprecedented upsurge of violence in Gaza, one of the darkest moments in human history. A must-read for those who wish not only to understand the Palestinian-Israeli conflict but also to envision ways of resolving it.” --- Sari Hanafi, Professor, American University of Beirut, Lebanon This topical edited volume includes a very important collection of essays addressing the political background and general context that led to the catastrophic Israel-Hamas War of 2023-2025, providing clues to make sense of the Hamas assault of October 7, 2023, followed by the Israeli military reaction in the Gaza Strip and the spread of the war in the region. Its unique contribution stems from different levels of analysis: several chapters refer to the domestic political landscapes in both Israel and Palestine, examining the numerous cleavages among and within both societies. In addition, the scope of the analysis broadens by referring also to international law and other relevant international actors, including the United States and Iran. --- Arie M. Kacowicz, Professor, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel This volume showcases the critical insights and scholarship of Japanese scholars of the Middle East about the causes and consequences of the October 7 Hamas attack on Israel and the war which followed. With close studies of both Palestinian and Israeli politics, Fragile Stability makes a compelling case for an analytical framework which helps make sense of both dramatic changes and remarkable continuities in the conflict. --- Marc Lynch, Professor, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA