Rural Connectivity Toolkit
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Rural Connectivity Toolkit
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Author : European Investment Bank
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Rural Connectivity Toolkit written by European Investment Bank and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Economics categories.
Africa's digital transformation is generating big changes and benefits for many parts of the economy and society. But hundreds of millions of people still have no internet connections. For those who have internet access, prices can be high and bandwidth is often severely limited. Many African countries lack the technical capabilities and financing to plan big telecom projects that can fill these gaps. The lack of digital connections also makes it much harder to fight crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic, because people do not receive critical and timely information and because they are not able to work away from the office. The toolkit addresses the reasons that the private sector feels it is too risky to invest in telecommunications infrastructure and explains the ways we can increase financing in the market and offer technical assistance to improve projects and encourage expansions into rural areas.
Toolkit For Estimating Demand For Rural Intercity Bus Services
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Author : Frederic D. Fravel
language : en
Publisher: Transportation Research Board
Release Date : 2011
Toolkit For Estimating Demand For Rural Intercity Bus Services written by Frederic D. Fravel and has been published by Transportation Research Board this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Transportation categories.
TRB’s Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Report 147: Toolkit for Estimating Demand for Rural Intercity Bus Services provides a sketch-planning guide and supporting CD-ROM–based tools that can be used to forecast demand for rural intercity bus services.
Financing Rural Connectivity Through Universal Service Fund Support
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Author : Archana G. Gulati
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Financing Rural Connectivity Through Universal Service Fund Support written by Archana G. Gulati and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
Seventy per cent of the Indian population (820 million people) resides in rural India consisting of 0.6 million villages largely lacking in basic infrastructure and connectivity. The rural population is mainly engaged in agriculture which has very low productivity. Further, even non agricultural occupations in rural India are characterized by low productivity levels. Given this situation, there is no doubt that if India is to continue on its current path of healthy growth rates, efforts have to be made to ensure that this growth is inclusive. We cannot afford to neglect rural India. ICT connectivity is especially essential for mainstreaming rural areas. It can help reduce isolation and increases awareness level of the rural population. ICT can facilitate access to education, health, and markets and increase knowledge and productivity levels of rural Indians. Broadband access in particular becomes especially important in situations where the other infrastructure is inadequate (roads, administrative machinery etc). Liberalization, competition and effective regulation have brought impressive gains to Indian telecommunications. However these telecom reforms are not enough for bringing about the desired level of telecom penetration in rural/remote areas which suffer from both supply side and demand side constraints such as difficult terrain, insurgency, lack of supporting infrastructure(roads, power) scattered populations, low income levels etc. In such a scenario, the Universal Service Obligation Fund (USOF) plays an important and multi-faceted role: a) To incentivise telecom service providers to venture into rural/remote areas, b) To facilitate rural roll out c) To reduce costs and hence end user prices and d) To increase affordability of telecommunication services. The USOF's tools for fulfilling its objectives could include: subsidy support to reduce/close the viability gap, pursuance and liaison with state/local authorities to facilitate rural roll out, encouragement and support for the adoption of innovative solutions to overcome constraints such as power, backhaul etc, encouraging the sharing of infrastructure at discounted rates and building in special tariff plans for target beneficiaries where required. Funding methodology: As of March 2009, the potential funding by way of USL balance is Rs 112.43 billion while as on Septembers 2009, disbursements had crossed Rs 94 billion. Funds are made available to the USOF through the budgetary process. These are to be utilized in accordance with USOF Rules while abiding by the Government's policy directions and Government of India rules and regulations on financial propriety. The subsidy scheme design is a multi-pronged process: • First, the overall scheme is conceptualized including decisions on service deliverables (to other service providers or to end customers) • Second, the infrastructure elements to be created/augmented/shared (if any) are identified • Third, the appropriate costing is decided on, which is based on prevailing market rates/historical costs • Next, benchmarking is carried out to arrive at maximum subsidy rate/offered subsidy level. • Subsidy modeling is done to ensure correct level and structure of incentives for long term sustainability of services. • Then, a decision is made on the subsidy disbursement schedule and associated conditions (building in safeguards to ensure proper implementation) • Service rates to may be discounted appropriately to ensure affordability of telecom services for target beneficiaries • Finally, the USOF carries out the tendering process. The USOF is a comprehensive fund disbursal mechanism. It not only utilizes an all India network of departmental offices for subsidy disbursement but also carries out regular post payment verification and closely monitors ground level implementation of schemes. In this manner effective utilisation of funds is ensured and leakages are avoided. Lessons learned and the way forward: USOF activities carried out since 2002 have served to provide valuable insights into planning and implementation issues. Some of these are: (i) Public Access Schemes have shown that it is best to organize service provision along commercial lines. A solid, monitoring, awareness and feedback mechanism should be in place. (ii) Experience with individual access (Rural DEL Schemes)schemes suggests that the practicality of the monitoring requirement must be assessed carefully. Extending telecom coverage with a minimum QoS is perhaps a better approach. (iii) The Mobile Infrastructure scheme has demonstrated that rural areas hold tremendous potential for mobile services. However, there are several constraints too. For example, inadequate access to power supply is a key challenge for service providers. Land acquisition and backhaul are other difficulties encountered in rural roll outs. Going forward, USOF is coming up with various schemes and projects to overcome challenges and provide the much needed telecommunications connectivity to rural areas. However, that being said, it is essential to note that the USOF is not a universal panacea. USOF efforts must be supplemented by simultaneous programs towards overall rural infrastructural development including the areas of IT, education, power etc. A much greater level of coordination and mutual leveraging amongst various rural development programs is called for.
Digital Towns
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Author : Theo Lynn
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022
Digital Towns written by Theo Lynn and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with Business information services categories.
This open access book explores the digital transformation of small and rural towns, in particular, how to measure the evolution and development of digital towns. In addition to access to resources, competition from urban and global markets, and population trends, rural communities present lesser access and use of digital technologies and have lower digital competencies and skills than their urban counterparts. Consequently, they experience less beneficial outcomes from increased digitalisation than urban areas. This book defines what a digital town is and explores digitalisation from the perspective of the four basic economic sectors in towns - individuals and households, businesses, the public sector, and civil society - and three types of enabling infrastructure - digital connectivity, education, and governance. Particular attention is paid to how digitalisation efforts are measured by intergovernmental and international organisations for each sector and enabling infrastructure. The book concludes with a Digital Town Readiness Framework that offers local communities, policymakers, and scholars an initial set of indicators upon which to develop digital town initiatives, and measure progress. For those ready to embrace the opportunity, this book is a pathfinder on the road to a more equitable and impactful digital society and digital economy. Theo Lynn is Full Professor of Digital Business at DCU Business School, Ireland. Pierangelo Rosati is Assistant Professor in Business Analytics at DCU Business School, Ireland. Edel Conway is Full Professor in HRM and Organisational Psychology and Director of Doctoral Studies at DCU Business School, Ireland. Declan Curran is Associate Professor of Economics at DCU Business School, Ireland. Grace Fox is a post-doctoral researcher attached to the Irish Institute of Digital Business. Colm OGorman is Interim Dean and Full Professor of Entrepreneurship at DCU Business School, Ireland.
An Update On Rural Connectivity
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Author : Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Committee
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
An Update On Rural Connectivity written by Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Committee and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Rural conditions categories.
Bridging Connectivity Divides
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Author : Alexia Gonzalez-Fanfalone
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Bridging Connectivity Divides written by Alexia Gonzalez-Fanfalone and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
Reliable and high-quality connectivity is fundamental for the digital transformation. Now more than ever, access to high-quality broadband services at affordable prices is essential to ensure that economic and social activities can continue in an increasingly remote manner. However, important disparities in terms of connectivity persist, aggravating the consequences of digital divides. As such, expanding connectivity to achieve an inclusive society is at the heart of policy agendas in OECD countries. However, more concretely, what are the innovative policies and regulatory measures that have proven to work best to ensure connectivity for all? This Going Digital Toolkit note provides a “roadmap” to policymakers by identifying policies and regulation to effectively reduce connectivity divides. Such policies include promoting competition, fostering investment, and removing barriers to broadband deployment, as well as a set of tailored approaches that are particularly relevant to extending connectivity in rural and remote areas. The Annex of this note provides examples of related policy and regulatory approaches implemented by different OECD countries.
Africa Europe Cooperation And Digital Transformation
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Author : Chux Daniels
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2022-11-23
Africa Europe Cooperation And Digital Transformation written by Chux Daniels and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-11-23 with Political Science categories.
Africa–Europe Cooperation and Digital Transformation explores the opportunities and challenges for cooperation between Africa and Europe in the digital sphere. Digitalisation and digital technologies are not only essential for building competitive and dynamic economies; they transform societies, pose immense challenges for policymakers, and increasingly play a pivotal role in global power relations. Digital transformations have had catalytic effects on African and European governance, economies, and societies, and will continue to do so. The COVID-19 pandemic has already accelerated the penetration of digital tools all over the globe and is likely to be perceived as a critical juncture in how and to what purpose the world accepts and uses new and emerging technologies. This book offers a holistic analysis of how Africa and Europe can manage and harness digital transformation as partners in a globalised world. The authors shed light on issues ranging from economic growth, youth employment, and gender, to regulatory frameworks, business environments, entrepreneurship, and interest-driven power politics. They add much-needed perspectives to the debates that shape the two continents’ digital transformation and innovation environments. This book will interest practitioners working in the areas of innovation, digital technologies, and digital entrepreneurship, as well as students and scholars of international relations. It will also be relevant for policymakers, regulators, decision-makers, and leaders in Africa and Europe.
Broadband Policies For Latin America And The Caribbean A Digital Economy Toolkit
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2016-06-22
Broadband Policies For Latin America And The Caribbean A Digital Economy Toolkit written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-22 with categories.
This joint initiative by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) and the OECD seeks to encourage the expansion of broadband networks and services in the region, supporting a coherent and cross-sectorial approach, to maximise their benefits for economic and social development.
Community Capacity Building Toolkit For Rural And Regional Communities
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Author : James McLelland Cavaye
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Community Capacity Building Toolkit For Rural And Regional Communities written by James McLelland Cavaye and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Communities categories.
Rural Proofing Toolkit
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Author : Great Britain. Commission for Rural Communities
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Rural Proofing Toolkit written by Great Britain. Commission for Rural Communities and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Rural development categories.