Rwanda And Burundi
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Genocide
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Author : Edward L. Nyankanzi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Genocide written by Edward L. Nyankanzi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with History categories.
3. The Congo Rebellion
Civil Wars In Rwanda And Burundi
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Author : Godfrey Mwakikagile
language : en
Publisher: New Africa Press
Release Date : 2013
Civil Wars In Rwanda And Burundi written by Godfrey Mwakikagile and has been published by New Africa Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with History categories.
This is a historical survey and analysis of some of the bloodiest conflicts in modern times. The civil wars in Rwanda and Burundi, twin states in the Great Lakes region of East Africa, are often explained in simplistic terms even by some political pundits as mere tribal wars, rooted in anciet hatred, between the Hutu and the Tutsi. Ethnicity is indeed a factor. But of paramount importance in this conflict between the Hutu and the Tutsi, in both countries, is the struggle for power although with "racial" overtones, and the exclusion of the Hutu majority from meaningful participation in the political process. Therefore the conflicts are not tribal wars but political statements as well, probably more than anything else; what Tanzanian President Benjamin Mkapa aptly described as "military expressions of political intent." In this comprehensive study, the author also addresses one of the most controversial subjects today: conflict resolution in Africa. There are no easy answers, but the author attempts to provide some of them. He covers as much ground as possible, trying to come up with solutions not only to the wars in Africa's Great Lakes region, but in other parts of the continent as well.
Peace And Stability In Rwanda And Burundi
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Author : Godfrey Mwakikagile
language : en
Publisher: New Africa Press
Release Date : 2013
Peace And Stability In Rwanda And Burundi written by Godfrey Mwakikagile and has been published by New Africa Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Social Science categories.
THIS work looks at some of the ways to achieve lasting peace and stability in Rwanda and Burundi whose destiny is inextricably linked with the entire Great Lakes region of East Africa. Conflicts in the two countries affect the entire region, especially their neighbours - Tanzania, Congo, and Uganda - and have ripple effects which go far beyond the region. Therefore all the countries in the region have direct interest in what goes on in Rwanda and Burundi and in the resolution of the conflicts in the twin nations. But resolution of the conflict between the Hutu and the Tutsi in Rwanda and Burundi may require a solution that has never been tried before. It may even require a combination of solutions in order to be resolved permanently. Any solution, however radical, should be tried even if it runs counter to the logic of what African leaders and many other Africans consider to be the proper way to build nations and achieve unity transcending racial, ethnic and regional differences. Resolution of the conflict in Rwanda and Burundi may also provide some insights into the complexities of conflict management, and conflict resolution, in other intra-territorial and regional conflicts and disputes in other parts of the continent.
Rwanda And Burundi A General Introduction
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Author : Rehema Gwangu Syabumi
language : en
Publisher: Kindle Digital Publishing
Release Date : 2019-03-17
Rwanda And Burundi A General Introduction written by Rehema Gwangu Syabumi and has been published by Kindle Digital Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-17 with Education categories.
This is a general introduction to Rwanda and Burundi, twin nations in the Great Lakes region of East Africa, which are composed of members of the same ethnic groups: Hutu, Tutsi, and Twa. Subjects covered include geography, recent history and how the people live – some of their customs and traditions and how they earn their living among other subjects. The book also covers some of the crises the countries have faced in recent years to provide a more comprehensive picture of life in those countries which have been some of the most traumatised in the history of post-colonial Africa. The book is intended for members of the general public although some of them may find the work too detailed in terms of recent history for general purposes and may feel that it is better suited to those interested in research and academic pursuits relating to these twin nations. It will probably serve both, the general reader and members of the academic community, without being too detailed yet comprehensive enough to be of interest to students in African studies including those who specialise in doing research on the Great Lakes region of East Africa with particular emphasis on Rwanda and Burundi.
Rwanda And Burundi
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Author : René Lemarchand
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1970
Rwanda And Burundi written by René Lemarchand and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1970 with Burundi categories.
Historical study of Rwanda and Burundi, with particular reference to social change resulting from the transition from the traditional political and social structures since deconolization - covers the role of Belgium, the role of the Church, the role of China, etc., and examines the intergroup relations between the hutu and tutsi tribal peoples and the refugee problems resulting from the revolution in rwanda. UN mentioned. Bibliography, references and statistical tables.
Identity Politics And Ethnic Conflicts In Rwanda And Burundi
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Author : Godfrey Mwakikagile
language : en
Publisher: New Africa Press
Release Date : 2012
Identity Politics And Ethnic Conflicts In Rwanda And Burundi written by Godfrey Mwakikagile and has been published by New Africa Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Social Science categories.
This work looks at conflicts between the Hutu and the Tutsi in Rwanda and Burundi. The conflicts between the two groups have sometimes been characterised as ethnic, although neither group has fundamental attributes of ethnicity or ethnic identity which separate one from the other. They have the same culture. They speak the same language. And they have had a common history during the past 400 years. They have intermingled and have intermarried for so long since the Tutsi arrived in the region about 400 years ago that whatever differences existed between them in the past in terms of culture, identity, and biology have been erased. Yet they do exist as distinct social groups. They maintain separate group identities, as Hutus and as Tutsis, mainly because of the asymmetrical relationship between them. Inequity of power has solidified those identities. Historically, the Tutsi minority have been the rulers. Their status as the dominant group was enhanced during colonial rule when the Belgians favoured and recognised them as the traditional rulers, superior to the Hutu, thus legitimising inequalities between the two groups. The differences between them were even given official sanction. And the subordinate status of the Hutu majority was used by the Belgians to justify discrimination against them in terms of employment and educational opportunities while favouring the Tutsi. The conflict between the two groups is rooted in inequity of power, fuelled by stereotypes against the Hutu majority. Domination of the Hutu majority by the Tutsi minority, which started before the advent of colonial rule, has also solidified ethnic identities of the two groups through the years. A shared consciousness among the members of each group and their distinctiveness - each seeing themselves as different from the other - have also played a major role in the evolution and consolidation of these separate identities.
Talking Or Fighting
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Author : Filip Reyntjens
language : en
Publisher: Nordic Africa Institute
Release Date : 1999
Talking Or Fighting written by Filip Reyntjens and has been published by Nordic Africa Institute this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Burundi categories.
There has been a great deal of continuity in the political evolution of Rwanda and Burundi since 1997. Its regional impact has been felt even more, especially in Rwanda. Although civil war is still ravaging that country, in Burundi the search for a political solution is moving at a snail's pace, through the dual process of political partnership within the country and the Arusha negotiations. The regime in Rwanda continues to favor the military option, which, has met with some success following the second intervention in the Congo and the regroupment of an important section of the population in the Northwest. In Burundi, the political landscape remains divided, even fragmented, but in Rwanda the RPF has reinforced its grasp on a tightly controlled system, notably through the destruction of the MDR. Cohesion within the RPF, however, is by no means guaranteed. At the political level, the system in Burundi is undoubtedly more inclusive than that of Rwandan regime, whose base continues to shrink. While Rwanda has opted for the path of almost absolute control, Burundi continues its quest for political solutions in Burundi, is fragile and success is far from guaranteed. In August 1998, Rwanda reaffirmed its ambitions as a regional military power. Even more than in 1996-1997, the Congolese operation opens up access to resources that not only help finance the war, but also enrich scertain political and military actors in Kigali. Although the Burundian army has also become involved in the Congo, its ambitions seem more limited. Furthermore, the regional alliances have become clearer and more visible, which does not necessarily mean that they are stable.
Rwanda And Burundi
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Author : United States. Central Intelligence Agency
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
Rwanda And Burundi written by United States. Central Intelligence Agency and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Burundi categories.
Institutional Legacies Decision Frames And Political Violence In Rwanda And Burundi
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Author : Stacey Mitchell
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-10-09
Institutional Legacies Decision Frames And Political Violence In Rwanda And Burundi written by Stacey Mitchell and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-09 with Political Science categories.
Rwanda and Burundi are strikingly similar countries that underwent democratization in the early 1990s. In both, resistance to democratic reforms led to coups d’état and presidential assassinations. A conundrum arises in terms of what transpires next. In Rwanda, total genocide was perpetrated by extremist Hutu actors, including government officials, upon the country’s Tutsi and politically moderate Hutu populations. In Burundi the coup d’état failed and instead ushered in a lengthy period of civil war. This divergence in outcome is puzzling given the similarity of these two countries, and it is not adequately explained by studies that address collective violence in each. This book utilizes an integrative approach that facilitates the formation of an explanation that more fully accounts for variation in the type of collective violence that occurred in Rwanda and Burundi. Showing that political actors – during periods of major institutional change – do not all respond to or perceive reform in the exact same manner or in a necessarily rational manner, this book makes an important contribution to the literature on ethnic conflict, collective violence and democratization in Africa.
Democratic Engineering In Rwanda And Burundi
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Author : Jean-Marie Kagabo
language : en
Publisher: African Books Collective
Release Date : 2018-12-29
Democratic Engineering In Rwanda And Burundi written by Jean-Marie Kagabo and has been published by African Books Collective this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-29 with Political Science categories.
In Democratic Engineering in Rwanda and Burundi the author argues that a democratic model which is suitable for single-cultural societies may not be applicable in multicultural societies; he illustrates that the liberal and socialist theories have not addressed the issue of national minorities which threatens peace and stability in most African countries. The author investigates the form of democratic engineering that would harmonise ethnic relations and guard against ethnic discrimination and violence. He explores the consociational and integrative theories to identify a suitable democratic system that would stabilise Rwanda and Burundi. He analyses the pros and the cons of the present options adopted by Rwanda and Burundi to address the question of ethnicity and also assesses the potential of a number of other solutions.