Safety And Performance Concept Reliability Assessment Of Concrete Structures
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Safety And Performance Concept Reliability Assessment Of Concrete Structures
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Author : fib Fédération internationale du béton
language : en
Publisher: FIB - Féd. Int. du Béton
Release Date : 2018-08-01
Safety And Performance Concept Reliability Assessment Of Concrete Structures written by fib Fédération internationale du béton and has been published by FIB - Féd. Int. du Béton this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Concrete structures have been built for more than 100 years. At first, reinforced concrete was used for buildings and bridges, even for those with large spans. Lack of methods for structural analysis led to conservative and reliable design. Application of prestressed concrete started in the 40s and strongly developed in the 60s. The spans of bridges and other structures like halls, industrial structures, stands, etc. grew significantly larger. At that time, the knowledge of material behaviour, durability and overall structural performance was substantially less developed than it is today. In many countries statically determined systems with a fragile behavior were designed for cast in situ as well as precast structures. Lack of redundancy resulted in a low level of robustness in structural systems. In addition, the technical level of individual technologies (e.g. grouting of prestressed cables) was lower than it is today. The number of concrete structures, including prestressed ones, is extremely high. Over time and with increased loading, the necessity of maintaining safety and performance parameters is impossible without careful maintenance, smaller interventions, strengthening and even larger reconstructions. Although some claim that unsatisfactory structures should be replaced by new ones, it is often impossible, as authorities, in general, have only limited resources. Most structures have to remain in service, probably even longer than initially expected. In order to keep the existing concrete structures in an acceptable condition, the development of methods for monitoring, inspection and assessment, structural identification, nonlinear analysis, life cycle evaluation and safety and prediction of the future behaviour, etc. is necessary. The scatter of individual input parameters must be considered as a whole. This requires probabilistic approaches to individual partial problems and to the overall analysis. The members of the fib Task Group 2.8 “Safety and performance concepts” wrote, on the basis of the actual knowledge and experience, a comprehensive document that provides crucial knowledge for existing structures, which is also applicable to new structures. This guide to good practice is divided into 10 basic chapters dealing with individual issues that are critical for activities associated with preferably existing concrete structures. Bulletin 86 starts with the specification of the performance-based requirements during the entire lifecycle. The risk issues are described in chapter two. An extensive part is devoted to structural reliability, including practical engineering approaches and reliability assessment of existing structures. Safety concepts for design consider the lifetime of structures and summarise safety formats from simple partial safety factors to develop approaches suitable for application in sophisticated, probabilistic, non-linear analyses. Testing for design and the determination of design values from the tests is an extremely important issue. This is especially true for the evaluation of existing structures. Inspection and monitoring of existing structures are essential for maintenance, for the prediction of remaining service life and for the planning of interventions. Chapter nine presents probabilistically-based models for material degradation processes. Finally, case studies are presented in chapter ten. The results of the concrete structures monitoring as well as their application for assessment and prediction of their future behaviour are shown. The risk analysis of highway bridges was based on extensive monitoring and numerical evaluation programs. Case studies perfectly illustrate the application of the methods presented in the Bulletin. The information provided in this guide is very useful for practitioners and scientists. It provides the reader with general procedures, from the specification of requirements, monitoring, assessment to the prediction of the structures’ lifecycles. However, one must have a sufficiently large amount of experimental and other data (e.g. construction experience) in order to use these methods correctly. This data finally allows for a statistical evaluation. As it is shown in case studies, extensive monitoring programs are necessary. The publication of this guide and other documents developed within the fib will hopefully help convince the authorities responsible for safe and fluent traffic on bridges and other structures that the costs spent in monitoring are first rather small, and second, they will repay in the form of a serious assessment providing necessary information for decision about maintenance and future of important structures.
Introduction To Safety And Reliability Of Structures
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Author : Jörg Schneider
language : en
Publisher: IABSE
Release Date : 2006
Introduction To Safety And Reliability Of Structures written by Jörg Schneider and has been published by IABSE this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Building failures categories.
Structural engineers devote all their effort to meeting society¿s expectations efficiently. Engineers and scientists work together to develop solutions to structural problems. Given that nothing is absolutely and eternally safe, the goal is to attain an acceptably small probability of failure for a structure. Reliability analysis is part of the science and practice of engineering today, not only with respect to the safety of structures, but also for questions of serviceability and other requirements of technical systems that might be impacted by some probability. The present volume takes a rather broad approach to the safety of structures and related topics. It treats the underlying concepts of risk and safety and introduces the reader to the main concepts and strategies for dealing with hazards. A chapter is devoted to the processing of data into information that is relevant for applying reliability theory. The two main chapters deal with the modelling of structures and with methods of reliability analysis. Another chapter focuses on problems related to establishing target reliabilities, assessing existing structures, and on effective strategies against human error. The Appendix supports the application of the methods proposed and refers readers to a number of related computer programs.
Safety And Performance Concepts Contributions To The Workshop Sessions Model Uncertainties New Concepts And Full Scale Testing
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Author : FIB – International Federation for Structural Concrete
language : en
Publisher: FIB - International Federation for Structural Concrete
Release Date : 1993-08-01
Safety And Performance Concepts Contributions To The Workshop Sessions Model Uncertainties New Concepts And Full Scale Testing written by FIB – International Federation for Structural Concrete and has been published by FIB - International Federation for Structural Concrete this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993-08-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Safety Reliability Risk And Life Cycle Performance Of Structures And Infrastructures
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Author : George Deodatis
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2014-02-10
Safety Reliability Risk And Life Cycle Performance Of Structures And Infrastructures written by George Deodatis and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-10 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Safety, Reliability, Risk and Life-Cycle Performance of Structures and Infrastructures contains the plenary lectures and papers presented at the 11th International Conference on STRUCTURAL SAFETY AND RELIABILITY (ICOSSAR2013, New York, NY, USA, 16-20 June 2013), and covers major aspects of safety, reliability, risk and life-cycle performance of str
Reliability Basis Of Load And Resistance Factors For Reinforced Concrete Design
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Author : Bruce R. Ellingwood
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1978
Reliability Basis Of Load And Resistance Factors For Reinforced Concrete Design written by Bruce R. Ellingwood and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1978 with Plastic analysis (Engineering) categories.
Reinforced Concrete Structural Reliability
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Author : Mohamed Abdallah El-Reedy, Ph.D
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2012-12-15
Reinforced Concrete Structural Reliability written by Mohamed Abdallah El-Reedy, Ph.D and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-15 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Structural engineers must focus on a structure’s continued safety throughout its service life. Reinforced Concrete Structural Reliability covers the methods that enable engineers to keep structures reliable during all project phases, and presents a practical exploration of up-to-date techniques for predicting the lifetime of a structure. The book also helps readers understand where the safety factors used come from and addresses the problems that arise from deviation from these factors. It also examines the question of what code is best to follow for a specific project: the American code, the British Standard, the Eurocode, or other local codes. The author devotes an entire chapter to practical statistics methods and probability theory used in structural and civil engineering, both important for calculating the probability of structural failure (reliability analysis). The text addresses the effects of time, environmental conditions, and loads to assess consequences on older structures as well as to calculate the probability of failure. It also presents the effects of steel bar corrosion and column corrosion, and precautions to consider along with guides for design. This book offers guidelines and tools to evaluate existing as well as new structures, providing all available methods and tests for assessing structures, including visual inspection and nondestructive testing for concrete strength. It also presents techniques for predicting the remaining service life of a structure, which can be used to determine whether to perform repairs or take other action. This practical guide helps readers to differentiate between and understand the philosophy of the various codes and standards, enabling them to work anywhere in the world. It will aid engineers at all levels working on projects from the design to the maintenance phase, increasing their grasp of structure behavior, codes and factors, and predicting service life.
Non Destructive Assessment Of Concrete Structures Reliability And Limits Of Single And Combined Techniques
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Author : Denys Breysse
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-01-21
Non Destructive Assessment Of Concrete Structures Reliability And Limits Of Single And Combined Techniques written by Denys Breysse and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-21 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book gives information on non destructive techniques for assessment of concrete structures. It synthesizes the best of international knowledge about what techniques can be used for assessing material properties (strength) and structural properties (geometry, defects...). It describes how the techniques can be used so as to answer a series of usual questions, highlighting their capabilities and limits, and providing advices for a better use of techniques. It also focuses on possible combinations of techniques so as to improve the assessment. It is based on many illustrative examples and give in each case references to standards and guidelines.
Guidelines For The Design And Assessment Of Concrete Structures Subjected To Impact
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Author : P. Barr
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Guidelines For The Design And Assessment Of Concrete Structures Subjected To Impact written by P. Barr and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Composite materials categories.
Monitoring And Safety Evaluation Of Existing Concrete Structures
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Author : fib Fédération internationale du béton
language : en
Publisher: fib Fédération internationale du béton
Release Date : 2003
Monitoring And Safety Evaluation Of Existing Concrete Structures written by fib Fédération internationale du béton and has been published by fib Fédération internationale du béton this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The condition assessment of aged structures is becoming a more and more important issue for civil infrastructure management systems. The continued use of existing systems is, due to environmental, economical and socio-political assets, of great significance and is growing larger every year. Thus the extent of necessary repair of damaged reinforced concrete structures is of major concern in most countries today. Monitoring techniques may have a decisive input to limit expenditures for maintenance and repair of existing structures. Modern test and measurement methods as well as computational mechanics open the door for a wide variety of monitoring applications. The need for quantitative and qualitative knowledge has led to the development and improvement of surveillance techniques, which have already found successful application in other disciplines such as medicine, physics and chemistry. The design of experimental test and measurement systems is inherently an interdisciplinary activity. The specification of the instrumentation to measure the structural response will involve the skills of civil, electrical and computer engineers. The main aim of fib Commission 5, Structural servicer life aspects, is to provide a rational procedure to obtain an optimal technical-economic performance of concrete structures in service and to ensure a feedback of experience gained to design, execution, maintenance and rehabilitation. Against this background fib Task Group 5.1 Monitoring and Safety Evaluation of Existing Concrete Structures had been established to evaluate the existing practice worldwide. The objective of this state-of-art report is to summarize the most important inspection and measuring methods, to describe the working process and to evaluate the applicability to structural monitoring. Particular emphasis is placed upon non-destructive systems, lifetime monitoring, data evaluation and safety aspects.
Computational Structural Concrete
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Author : Ulrich Haussler-Combe
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2022-11-21
Computational Structural Concrete written by Ulrich Haussler-Combe and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-11-21 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Concrete is by far the most used building material due to its advantages: it is shapeable, cost-effective and available everywhere. Combined with reinforcement it provides an immense bandwidth of properties and may be customized for a huge range of purposes. Thus, concrete is the building material of the 20th century. To be the building material of the 21th century its sustainability has to move into focus. Reinforced concrete structures have to be designed expending less material whereby their load carrying potential has to be fully utilized. Computational methods such as Finite Element Method (FEM) provide essential tools to reach the goal. In combination with experimental validation, they enable a deeper understanding of load carrying mechanisms. A more realistic estimation of ultimate and serviceability limit states can be reached compared to traditional approaches. This allows for a significantly improved utilization of construction materials and a broader horizon for innovative structural designs opens up. However, sophisticated computational methods are usually provided as black boxes. Data is fed in, the output is accepted as it is, but an understanding of the steps in between is often rudimentary. This has the risk of misinterpretations, not to say invalid results compared to initial problem definitions. The risk is in particular high for nonlinear problems. As a composite material, reinforced concrete exhibits nonlinear behaviour in its limit states, caused by interaction of concrete and reinforcement via bond and the nonlinear properties of the components. Its cracking is a regular behaviour. The book aims to make the mechanisms of reinforced concrete transparent from the perspective of numerical methods. In this way, black boxes should also become transparent. Appropriate methods are described for beams, plates, slabs and shells regarding quasi-statics and dynamics. Concrete creeping, temperature effects, prestressing, large displacements are treated as examples. State of the art concrete material models are presented. Both the opportunities and the pitfalls of numerical methods are shown. Theory is illustrated by a variety of examples. Most of them are performed with the ConFem software package implemented in Python and available under open-source conditions.