Safety In Tritium Handling Technology
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Safety In Tritium Handling Technology
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Author : F. Mannone
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Safety In Tritium Handling Technology written by F. Mannone and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The use of tritium as a basic fuel material in a thermonuclear fusion reactor raises particular safety issues due to the combined effects of its physico chemical properties and radioactive nature. Furthermore the possibility of attaining further significant progresses in developing and demonstrating the feasibility of tritium burning devices relies on the handling of tritium macroquantities, say ten grammes, in a safe and reliable manner. It is also undoubted that, apart from technological constraints, any validation and exploitation of thermonuclear fusion as a source of energy will be strongly conditioned by the application of stringent operational and environmental safety criteria as it derives from norms of the modern legislation and public acceptance considerations. Even if the safe handling of tritium has already been demonstrated to be feasible on a full fuel cycle scale, it is unanimously recognized that further efforts are still to be concentrated on the improvement of current concepts and development of advanced technologies. Some of the areas requiring substantial additional efforts are plasma exhaust fuel c1ean-up, tritium pellet injection, processing of inert carrier gas, development of large free-oil pumps,tritlUm process analytics, development of large detritiation systems, beryllium-tritium interaction studies, tritium hold-up studies in getter beds, adsorbers and structural materials, tritium recovery from first wall, structural and breeder materials for minimizing tritiated waste arising,tritium storage technology, tritiated waste disposal technolo~y, methodology for routine tritium accountancy,etc . . Most of them are intrinsically related to the safety requirement of tritium technology.
Safe Handling Of Tritium
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Author : International Atomic Energy Agency
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
Safe Handling Of Tritium written by International Atomic Energy Agency and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Business & Economics categories.
This publication contains information on the dosimetry and monitoring of tritium, the use of protective clothing for work with tritium, safe practices in tritium handling laboratories and details of tritium compatible materials. The information has been compiled from experience in the various applications of tritium and should represent valuable source material to all users of tritium, including those involved in fusion R&D.
Tritium Handling Safety And Operating Experience At The Tritium Systems Test Assembly
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
Tritium Handling Safety And Operating Experience At The Tritium Systems Test Assembly written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with categories.
The Tritium Systems Test Assembly (TSTA) at Los Alamos National Laboratory is a facility designed to develop and demonstrate, in full scale, technologies necessary for safe and efficient operation of tokamak fusion reactors. TSTA currently consists of systems for pumping DT gas mixtures; for removing impurities; for separating the isotopes of hydrogen; for storage of hydrogen isotopes; for gas analysis; and for assuring safety by the necessary control, monitoring, and detritiation of effluent gaseous streams. TSTA also has several small scale experiments to develop and test new equipment and processes necessary for fusion reactors. Tritium was introduced into TSTA in June 1984. Current inventory is approximately 100 grams. Approximately 109 Curies of tritium have been processed in closed loop operation at TSTA. Total tritium releases from the facility stack have been less than 75 Curies. Total operating personnel exposures are less than 500 person-mrem. Exposures to the general public from TSTA tritium releases are extremely small (less than 10−2 mrem). Total tritium buried as waste is less than 36,000 Curies. In this paper, data on component reliability, failure types and rates, and waste quantities are presented. Operational experience under normal, abnormal, and emergency conditions is presented. The DOE requirements for the operation of a tritium facility like TSTA include personnel training, emergency preparedness, radiation protection, safety analysis, and preoperational appraisals. 4 refs., 3 figs., 3 tabs.
An Introduction To Tritium Handling And Technology
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Author : Princeton University. Plasma Physics Laboratory
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1982
An Introduction To Tritium Handling And Technology written by Princeton University. Plasma Physics Laboratory and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1982 with Plasma (Ionized gases) categories.
Five Years Of Tritium Handling Experience At The Tritium Systems Test Assembly
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
Five Years Of Tritium Handling Experience At The Tritium Systems Test Assembly written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with categories.
The Tritium Systems Test Assembly (TSTA) at Los Alamos National Laboratory is a facility designed to develop and demonstrate, in full scale, technologies necessary for safe and efficient operation of tritium systems required for tokamak fusion reactors. TSTA currently consists of systems for evacuating reactor exhaust gas with compound cryopumps; for removing impurities from plasma exhaust gas and recovering the chemically-combined tritium; for separating the isotopes of hydrogen; for transfer pumping; or storage of hydrogen isotopes; for gas analysis; and for assuring safety by the necessary control, monitoring, and tritium removal from effluent streams. TSTA also has several small scale experiments to develop and test new equipment and processes necessary for fusion reactors. In this paper, data on component reliability, failure types and rates, and waste quantities are presented. TSTA has developed a Quality Assurance program for preparing and controlling the documentation of the procedures required for the design, purchase, and operation of the tritium systems. Operational experience under normal, abnormal, and emergency conditions is presented. One unique aspect of operations at TSTA is that the design personnel for the TSTA systems are also part of the operating personnel. This has allowed for the relatively smooth transition from design to operations. TSTA has been operated initially as a research facility. As the system is better defined, operations are proceeding toward production modes. The DOE requirements for the operation of a tritium facility like TSTA include personnel training, emergency preparedness, radiation protection, safety analysis, and preoperational appraisals. The integration of these requirements into TSTA operations is discussed. 4 refs., 3 figs., 3 tabs.
Tritium Fuel Of Fusion Reactors
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Author : Tetsuo Tanabe
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-12-05
Tritium Fuel Of Fusion Reactors written by Tetsuo Tanabe and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-12-05 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book focuses on tritium as a fuel for fusion reactors and a next-generation energy source. Following an introduction of tritium as a hydrogen radioisotope, important issues involved in establishing safe and economical tritium fuel cycles including breeding for a fusion reactor are summarized; these include the handling of large amounts of tritium: confinement, leakage, contamination, permeation, regulation and tritium accountancy, and impacts on surrounding areas. Targeting and encouraging the students and technicians who will design and operate fusion reactors in the near future, this book offers a valuable resource on tritium science and technology.
Tritium Handling
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1961
Tritium Handling written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1961 with Tritium categories.
Included are 157 references to reports, journals, and other literature related to the problems and techniques of tritium handling. The subject scope embraces analytical and monitoring procedures and instruments, physiological effects, and safety measures and standards.
An Introduction To Tritium Handling And Storage Facilities
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Author : J Paul Guyer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020-10-31
An Introduction To Tritium Handling And Storage Facilities written by J Paul Guyer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-31 with categories.
Introductory technical guidance for architectural, civil, mechanical and electrical engineers interested in tritium handling and storage facilities. Here is what is discussed:1. INTRODUCTION2. SOURCES OF TRITIUM3. THE RELATIVE ABUNDANCE OF TRITIUM4. THE RADIOACTIVE DECAY OF TRITIUM5. THE CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF TRITIUM6. MODELING THE BEHAVIOR OF TRITIUM7. THE DEVELOPMENT OF TRITIUM TECHNOLOGY8. CONFINEMENT SYSTEMS VS. CONTAINMENT SYSTEMS9. TRITIUM REMOVAL SYSTEMS.
Tritium Technologies For Thermonuclear Fusion Reactors
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Author : Alexander Perevezentsev
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2021-06-02
Tritium Technologies For Thermonuclear Fusion Reactors written by Alexander Perevezentsev and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-06-02 with Business & Economics categories.
Tritium Technologies for Thermonuclear Fusion Reactors summarizes the most recent research and practice in tritium technologies for the processing of hydrogen isotopes in fuel cycles. Authors Dr. Perevezentsev and Professor Rozenkevich combine their wealth of first-hand experience to present this comprehensive guide which promotes the best radiation protection practices and a more sustainable way to produce power in a thermonuclear reactor plant. Applicable to both magnetic and inertial confinements of plasma, this book covers tritium processing systems, tritium recovery from the plasma chamber, and various safety systems devoted to lessening the impact on the public and environment. The readers are also led through various modeling techniques, such as the separation of hydrogen isotopes, and the detritiation of liquid and gaseous streams in dynamic and steady state operation modes. This book is a practical guide which includes various case studies and examples which will help solidify the reader’s learning. It combines the latest research of tritium technologies with applications for fusion nuclear reactors, and includes solutions and directions for the resolution of various common challenges faced. Engineers, researchers, and students of tritium technologies, fusion energy, and nuclear power generation will gain a detailed and integrated understanding of how tritium can be used within a nuclear setting, for cleaner and more efficient power generation. Guides the reader through problem solving via step-by-step processes and models Includes case studies and examples throughout, from two of the most recognized experts in the field with firsthand knowledge of the subject Presents a comprehensive, practical reference on the tritium fuel cycle for fusion reactors
An Introduction To Tritium Handling And Storage Facilities
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Author : J. Paul Guyer, P.E., R.A.
language : en
Publisher: Guyer Partners
Release Date : 2020-10-31
An Introduction To Tritium Handling And Storage Facilities written by J. Paul Guyer, P.E., R.A. and has been published by Guyer Partners this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-31 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Introductory technical guidance for architectural, civil, mechanical and electrical engineers interested in tritium handling and storage facilities. Here is what is discussed: 1. INTRODUCTION 2. SOURCES OF TRITIUM 3. THE RELATIVE ABUNDANCE OF TRITIUM 4. THE RADIOACTIVE DECAY OF TRITIUM 5. THE CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF TRITIUM 6. MODELING THE BEHAVIOR OF TRITIUM 7. THE DEVELOPMENT OF TRITIUM TECHNOLOGY 8. CONFINEMENT SYSTEMS VS. CONTAINMENT SYSTEMS 9. TRITIUM REMOVAL SYSTEMS.