Saint Thomas Aquinas And The Principle Of Sufficient Reason
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Saint Thomas Aquinas And The Principle Of Sufficient Reason
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Author : Scott Sullivan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016-06-28
Saint Thomas Aquinas And The Principle Of Sufficient Reason written by Scott Sullivan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-28 with categories.
Common sense tells us all that things just do not pop into existence out of nothing. It takes work and effort to make things happen. Buildings are made by builders, diseases are the result of germs, headaches come from sinus pressure, plane crashes occur when there is some major malfunction, bumps occur in the middle of the night because of the wind blowing a shutter, an alley cat knocking over a trash can, or a burglar attempting a break-in.In other words, all of these assumptions about the world proceed on a principle. But what exactly is this principle? In our unreflective, intuitional, everyday speech, it goes something like "Things do not just happen 'out of the blue,' something has to make them happen!" In ancient and medieval times, the principle about which we are concerned was sometimes implicit, and other times explicit, albeit with various formulations, such as; "Nothing gives what it does not have," "There cannot be more in the effect than what was contained in the cause," "Whatever begins to exist must have a cause," or more frequently, ex nihilo nihil fit - "Out of nothing, nothing comes."In this work, I will propose that the principle of sufficient reason is the grand formulation of these intuitions and scholastic dictums, and thus is the principle that lies behind all of our casual inferences. Leibniz explicitly coined this term, yet he claimed not to discover any new principle, rather only to encapsulate all the implicit formulations used in the history of philosophy. The principle of sufficient reason is commonly formulated as such: "Every being has the sufficient reason for its existence (i.e., the adequate ground or basis in existence) either in itself or in another." Stated negatively, "Out of nothing, nothing comes" (being neither comes from nor can be determined by sheer nothing). The principle of sufficient reason, then, is simply an attempt to conveniently summarize, in one basic formula, the common intuitions of everyday life and what other great philosophers have either presupposed or loosely articulated in these more specialized formulas of the "principle of causality."Leibniz once said that without the principle of sufficient reason, very little in philosophy and science could be demonstrated. In a similar vein, the contemporary Thomistic philosopher, Norris Clarke, has called the principle of sufficient reason the dynamic principle of metaphysics, since it is in virtue of this very principle that enables the mind to pass from one being to another in order to make sense out of it: "All advance in thought to infer the existence of some new being from what we already know depends upon this principle."Using primarily, but not exclusively, the thought of St. Thomas Aquinas, the purpose of this book is to argue that there are good reasons for thinking that the principle of sufficient reason is true.
The Metaphysics Of Being Of St Thomas Aquinas In A Historical Perspective
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Author : Leo J. Elders
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2021-12-06
The Metaphysics Of Being Of St Thomas Aquinas In A Historical Perspective written by Leo J. Elders and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-12-06 with Philosophy categories.
Metaphysics, formerly the queen of science, fell into oblivion under the onslaught of empiricism and positivism and its very possibllity came to be denied. Professor Elders traces the history of this process and shows how St. Thomas innovated in determining both the subject of metaphysics and the manner in which one enters this science, particularly in the framework of his Aristotle commentaries. The work then considers being and its properties, its divisions into being in act and being in potency, into the act of being essence, and into substance and the accidents. Finally the causes of being are considered. The work also introduces and surveys the extensive literature of Thomas interpretation of the past 50 years.
Treatise On Law
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Author : Saint Thomas Aquinas
language : en
Publisher: Regnery Publishing
Release Date : 1996-09-01
Treatise On Law written by Saint Thomas Aquinas and has been published by Regnery Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-09-01 with Law categories.
In his treatise on law comprising questions 90-97 of the Summa Theologica, St. Thomas presents a philosophical analysis of the nature and structure of law. Believing that law achieves its results by imposing moral obligations rather than outright force on those subject to it, he explores the vital questions surrounding that issue.
Traces Of Otherness In St Thomas Aquinas Theology Of Grace
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Author : Michael Fagge
language : en
Publisher: Lulu.com
Release Date :
Traces Of Otherness In St Thomas Aquinas Theology Of Grace written by Michael Fagge and has been published by Lulu.com this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
The Antecedents Of Being
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Author : Mary Consilia O'Brien
language : en
Publisher: Wipf and Stock Publishers
Release Date : 2016-04-18
The Antecedents Of Being written by Mary Consilia O'Brien and has been published by Wipf and Stock Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-18 with Philosophy categories.
"Being and non-being are infinitely separated, Saint Thomas tells us. And it is precisely somewhere between the extremes of these two notions that we must seek the antecedents of being [ . . . ] Being in all its latitude is a vast field for investigation and on worthy of the many works written on the subject of metaphysics, that science which has for its object ens qua ens. The limits of a doctoral dissertation are necessarily restricted to the solution of a specific problem with its entanglement of implications and applications. This dissertation is no exception, and its specific problem is to determine the antecedents of being."--From the introduction
The Principle Of Sufficient Reason
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Author : Alexander R. Pruss
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2006-03-20
The Principle Of Sufficient Reason written by Alexander R. Pruss and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-03-20 with Philosophy categories.
The Principle of Sufficient Reason (PSR) says that all contingent facts must have explanation. In this 2006 volume, which was the first on the topic in the English language in nearly half a century, Alexander Pruss examines the substantive philosophical issues raised by the Principle Reason. Discussing various forms of the PSR and selected historical episodes, from Parmenides, Leibnez, and Hume, Pruss defends the claim that every true contingent proposition must have an explanation against major objections, including Hume's imaginability argument and Peter van Inwagen's argument that the PSR entails modal fatalism. Pruss also provides a number of positive arguments for the PSR, based on considerations as different as the metaphysics of existence, counterfactuals and modality, negative explanations, and the everyday applicability of the PSR. Moreover, Pruss shows how the PSR would advance the discussion in a number of disparate fields, including meta-ethics and the philosophy of mathematics.
Treatise On Law
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Author : Thomas Aquinas
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016-10-13
Treatise On Law written by Thomas Aquinas and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-13 with categories.
According to St. Thomas, law, far from supplanting virtue as a basic principle of action, serves as an independent principle of action that complements virtue and is itself capable of being factored into practical deliberation. The reason is that all of God's precepts, prohibitions, and punishments are aimed at promoting the good of the whole universe and, more particularly, the good for human beings, both individually and within the various forms of social life. Because of this, law serves as both a restraint on bad actions and a spur to good action, i.e., a restraint on actions that take us away from virtue and genuine human flourishing and a spur to actions that promote virtue and flourishing.
Summa Theologica Volume 1
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Author : St Thomas Aquinas
language : en
Publisher: Cosimo, Inc.
Release Date : 2013-01-01
Summa Theologica Volume 1 written by St Thomas Aquinas and has been published by Cosimo, Inc. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-01 with Religion categories.
"The Summa Theologica is the best-known work of Italian philosopher, scholar, and Dominican friar SAINT THOMAS AQUINAS (1225 1274), widely considered the Catholic Church s greatest theologian. Famously consulted (immediately after the Bible) on religious questions at the Council of Trent, Aquinas s masterpiece has been considered a summary of official Church philosophy ever since. Aquinas considers approximately 10,000 questions on Church doctrine covering the roles and nature of God, man, and Jesus, then lays out objections to Church teachings and systematically confronts each, using Biblical verses, theologians, and philosophers to bolster his arguments. In Volume I, Aquinas addresses: the existence and perfection of God the justice and mercy of God predestination the cause of evil the union of body and soul free will and fate and much more. This massive work of scholarship, spanning five volumes, addresses just about every possible query or argument that any believer or atheist could have, and remains essential, more than seven hundred years after it was written, for clergy, religious historians, and serious students of Catholic thought."
Commentary On The Book Of Causes
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Author : Saint Thomas (Aquinas)
language : en
Publisher: CUA Press
Release Date : 1996
Commentary On The Book Of Causes written by Saint Thomas (Aquinas) and has been published by CUA Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Philosophy categories.
Thomas's Commentary on the Book of Causes, composed during the first half of 1272, offers an extended view of his approach to Neoplatonic thought and functions as a guide to his metaphysics. Though long neglected and, until now, never translated into English, it deserves an equal place alongside his commentaries on Aristotle and Boethius. In addition to the extensive annotation, bibliography, and thorough introduction, this translation is accompanied by two valuable appendices. The first provides a translation of another version of proposition 29 of the Book of Causes, which was not known to St. Thomas. The second lists citations of the Book of Causes found in the works of St. Thomas and cross-references these to a list showing the works, and the exact location within them, where the citations can be found.
Summa Theologica Volume 2 Part Ii First Section
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Author : St Thomas Aquinas
language : en
Publisher: Cosimo, Inc.
Release Date : 2013-01-01
Summa Theologica Volume 2 Part Ii First Section written by St Thomas Aquinas and has been published by Cosimo, Inc. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-01 with Religion categories.
"The Summa Theologica is the best-known work of Italian philosopher, scholar, and Dominican friar SAINT THOMAS AQUINAS (1225 1274), widely considered the Catholic Church s greatest theologian. Famously consulted (immediately after the Bible) on religious questions at the Council of Trent, Aquinas s masterpiece has been considered a summary of official Church philosophy ever since. Aquinas considers approximately 10,000 questions on Church doctrine covering the roles and nature of God, man, and Jesus, then lays out objections to Church teachings and systematically confronts each, using Biblical verses, theologians, and philosophers to bolster his arguments. In Volume II, Aquinas addresses: happiness good and evil love and hatred hope and despair anger virtue sin and grace and much more. This massive work of scholarship, spanning five volumes, addresses just about every possible query or argument that any believer or atheist could have, and remains essential, more than seven hundred years after it was written, for clergy, religious historians, and serious students of Catholic thought."