Scalable Signal Processing In Cloud Radio Access Networks
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Scalable Signal Processing In Cloud Radio Access Networks
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Author : Ying-Jun Angela Zhang
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-04-23
Scalable Signal Processing In Cloud Radio Access Networks written by Ying-Jun Angela Zhang and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-04-23 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This Springerbreif introduces a threshold-based channel sparsification approach, and then, the sparsity is exploited for scalable channel training. Last but not least, this brief introduces two scalable cooperative signal detection algorithms in C-RANs. The authors wish to spur new research activities in the following important question: how to leverage the revolutionary architecture of C-RAN to attain unprecedented system capacity at an affordable cost and complexity. Cloud radio access network (C-RAN) is a novel mobile network architecture that has a lot of significance in future wireless networks like 5G. the high density of remote radio heads in C-RANs leads to severe scalability issues in terms of computational and implementation complexities. This Springerbrief undertakes a comprehensive study on scalable signal processing for C-RANs, where ‘scalable’ means that the computational and implementation complexities do not grow rapidly with the network size. This Springerbrief will be target researchers and professionals working in the Cloud Radio Access Network (C-Ran) field, as well as advanced-level students studying electrical engineering.
Cloud Radio Access Networks
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Author : Tony Q. S. Quek
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2017-02-02
Cloud Radio Access Networks written by Tony Q. S. Quek and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-02 with Computers categories.
The first book on Cloud Radio Access Networks (C-RANs), covering fundamental theory, current techniques, and potential applications.
Signal Processing And Networking For Big Data Applications
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Author : Zhu Han
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2017-04-27
Signal Processing And Networking For Big Data Applications written by Zhu Han and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-27 with Computers categories.
This unique text helps make sense of big data using signal processing techniques, in applications including machine learning, networking, and energy systems.
Cell Free Massive Mimo
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Author : Giovanni Interdonato
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2020-09-09
Cell Free Massive Mimo written by Giovanni Interdonato and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-09 with Electronic books categories.
The fifth generation of mobile communication systems (5G) is nowadays a reality. 5G networks are been deployed all over the world, and the first 5G-capable devices (e.g., smartphones, tablets, wearable, etc.) are already commercially available. 5G systems provide unprecedented levels of connectivity and quality of service (QoS) to cope with the incessant growth in the number of connected devices and the huge increase in data-rate demand. Massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) technology plays a key role in 5G systems. The underlying principle of this technology is the use of a large number of co-located antennas at the base station, which coherently transmit/receive signals to/from multiple users. This signal co-processing at multiple antennas leads to manifold benefits: array gain, spatial diversity and spatial user multiplexing. These elements enable to meet the QoS requirements established for the 5G systems. The major bottleneck of massive MIMO systems as well as of any cellular network is the inter-cell interference, which affects significantly the cell-edge users, whose performance is already degraded by the path attenuation. To overcome these limitations and provide uniformly excellent service to all the users we need a more radical approach: we need to challenge the cellular paradigm. In this regard, cell-free massive MIMO constitutes the paradigm shift. In the cell-free paradigm, it is not the base station surrounded by the users, but rather it is each user being surrounded by smaller, simpler, serving base stations referred to as access points (APs). In such a system, each user experiences being in the cell-center, and it does not experience any cell boundaries. Hence, the terminology cell-free. As a result, users are not affected by inter-cell interference, and the path attenuation is significantly reduced due to the presence of many APs in their proximity. This leads to impressive performance. Although appealing from the performance viewpoint, the designing and implementation of such a distributed massive MIMO system is a challenging task, and it is the object of this thesis. More specifically, in this thesis we study: Paper A) The large potential of this promising technology in realistic indoor/outdoor scenarios while also addressing practical deployment issues, such as clock synchronization among APs, and cost-efficient implementations. We provide an extensive description of a cell-free massive MIMO system, emphasizing strengths and weaknesses, and pointing out differences and similarities with existing distributed multiple antenna systems, such as Coordinated MultiPoint (CoMP). Paper B) How to preserve the scalability of the system, by proposing a solution related to data processing, network topology and power control. We consider a realistic scenario where multiple central processing units serve disjoint subsets of APs, and compare the spectral efficiency provided by the proposed scalable framework with the canonical cell-free massive MIMO and CoMP. Paper C) How to improve the spectral efficiency (SE) in the downlink (DL), by devising two distributed precoding schemes, referred to as local partial zero-forcing (ZF) and local protective partial ZF, that provide an adaptable trade-off between interference cancelation and boosting of the desired signal, with no additional front-haul overhead, and that are implementable by APs with very few antennas. We derive closed-form expressions for the achievable SE under the assumption of independent Rayleigh fading channel, channel estimation error and pilot contamination. These closed-form expressions are then used to devise optimal max-min fairness power control. Paper D) How to further improve the SE by letting the user estimate the DL channel from DL pilots, instead of relying solely on the knowledge of the channel statistics. We derive an approximate closed-form expression of the DL SE for conjugate beamforming (CB), and assuming independent Rayleigh fading. This expression accounts for beamformed DL pilots, estimation errors and pilot contamination at both the AP and the user side. We devise a sequential convex approximation algorithm to globally solve the max-min fairness power control optimization problem, and a greedy algorithm for uplink (UL) and DL pilot assignment. The latter consists in jointly selecting the UL and DL pilot pair, for each user, that maximizes the smallest SE in the network. Paper E) A precoding scheme that is more suitable when only the channel statistics are available at the users, referred to as enhanced normalized CB. It consists in normalizing the precoding vector by its squared norm in order to reduce the fluctuations of the effective channel seen at the user, and thereby to boost the channel hardening. The performance achieved by this scheme is compared with the CB scheme with DL training (described in Paper D). Paper F) A maximum-likelihood-based method to estimate the channel statistics in the UL, along with an accompanying pilot transmission scheme, that is particularly useful in line-of-sight operation and in scenarios with resource constraints. Pilots are structurally phase-rotated over different coherence blocks to create an effective statistical distribution of the received pilot signal that can be efficiently exploited by the AP when performing the proposed estimation method. The overall conclusion is that cell-free massive MIMO is not a utopia, and a practical, distributed, scalable, high-performance system can be implemented. Today it represents a hot research topic, but tomorrow it might represent a key enabler for beyond-5G technology, as massive MIMO has been for 5G. La quinta generazione dei sistemi radiomobili cellulari (5G) è oggi una realtà. Le reti 5G si stanno diffondendo in tutto il mondo e i dispositivi 5G (ad esempio smartphones, tablets, indossabili, ecc.) sono già disponibili sul mercato. I sistemi 5G garantiscono livelli di connettività e di qualità di servizio senza precedenti, per fronteggiare l’incessante crescita del numero di dispositivi connessi alla rete e della domanda di dati ad alta velocità. La tecnologia Massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) riveste un ruolo fondamentale nei sistemi 5G. Il principio alla base di questa tecnologia è l’impiego di un elevato numero di antenne collocate nella base station (stazione radio base) le quali trasmettono/ricevono segnali, in maniere coerente, a/da più terminali utente. Questo co-processamento del segnale da parte di più antenne apporta molteplici benefici: guadagno di array, diversità spaziale e multiplazione degli utenti nel dominio spaziale. Questi elementi consentono di raggiungere i requisiti di servizio stabiliti per i sistemi 5G. Tuttavia, il limite principale dei sistemi massive MIMO, così come di ogni rete cellulare, è rappresentato dalla interferenza inter-cella (ovvero l’interferenza tra aree di copertura gestite da diverse base stations), la quale riduce in modo significativo le performance degli utenti a bordo cella, già degradate dalle attenuazioni del segnale dovute alla considerevole distanza dalla base station. Per superare queste limitazioni e fornire una qualità del servizio uniformemente eccellente a tutti gli utenti, è necessario un approccio più radicale e guardare oltre il classico paradigma cellulare che caratterizza le attuali architetture di rete. A tal proposito, cell-free massive MIMO (massive MIMO senza celle) costituisce un cambio di paradigma: ogni utente è circondato e servito contemporaneamente da numerose, semplici e di dimensioni ridotte base stations, denominate access points (punti di accesso alla rete). Gli access points cooperano per servire tutti gli utenti nella loro area di copertura congiunta, eliminando l’interferenza inter-cella e il concetto stesso di cella. Non risentendo più dell’effetto “bordo-cella”, gli utenti possono usufruire di qualità di servizio e velocità dati eccellenti. Sebbene attraente dal punto di vista delle performance, l’implementazione di un tale sistema distribuito è una operazione impegnativa ed è oggetto di questa tesi. Piu specificatamente, questa tesi di dottorato tratta: Articolo A) L’enorme potenziale di questa promettente tecnologia in scenari realistici sia indoor che outdoor, proponendo anche delle soluzioni di implementazione flessibili ed a basso costo. Articolo B) Come preservare la scalabilità del sistema, proponendo soluzioni distribuite riguardanti il processamento e la condivisione dei dati, l’architettura di rete e l’allocazione di potenza, ovvero come ottimizzare i livelli di potenza trasmessa dagli access points per ridurre l’interferenza tra utenti e migliorare le performance. Articolo C) Come migliorare l’efficienza spettrale in downlink (da access point verso utente) proponendo due schemi di pre-codifica dei dati di trasmissione, denominati local partial zero-forcing (ZF) e local protective partial ZF, che forniscono un perfetto compromesso tra cancellazione dell’interferenza tra utenti ed amplificazione del segnale desiderato. Articolo D) Come migliorare l’efficienza spettrale in downlink permettendo al terminale utente di stimare le informazioni sulle condizioni istantanee del canale da sequenze pilota, piuttosto che basarsi su informazioni statistiche ed a lungo termine, come convenzionalmente previsto. Articolo E) In alternativa alla soluzione precedente, uno schema di pre-codifica che è più adatto al caso in cui gli utenti hanno a disposizione esclusivamente informazioni statistiche sul canale per poter effettuare la decodifica dei dati. Articolo F) Un metodo per permettere agli access points di stimare, in maniera rapida, le condizioni di canale su base statistica, favorito da uno schema di trasmissione delle sequenze pilota basato su rotazione di fase. Realizzare un sistema cell-free massive MIMO pratico, distribuito, scalabile e performante non è una utopia. Oggi questo concept rappresenta un argomento di ricerca interessante, attraente e stimolante ma in futuro potrebbe costituire un fattore chiave per le tecnologie post-5G, proprio come massive MIMO lo è stato per il 5G. Den femte generationens mobilkommunikationssystem (5G) är numera en verklighet. 5G-nätverk är utplacerade på ett flertal platser världen över och de första 5G-kapabla terminalerna (såsom smarta telefoner, surfplattor, kroppsburna apparater, etc.) är redan kommersiellt tillgängliga. 5G-systemen kan tillhandahålla tidigare oöverträffade nivåer av uppkoppling och servicekvalitet och är designade för en fortsatt oavbruten tillväxt i antalet uppkopplade apparater och ökande datataktskrav. Massiv MIMO-teknologi (eng: multiple-input multiple-output) spelar en nyckelroll i dagens 5G-system. Principen bakom denna teknik är användningen av ett stort antal samlokaliserade antenner vid basstationen, där alla antennerna sänder och tar emot signaler faskoherent till och från flera användare. Gemensam signalbehandling av många antennsignaler ger ett flertal fördelar, såsom hög riktverkan via lobformning, vilket leder till högre datatakter samt möjliggör att flera användare utnyttjar samma radioresurser via rumslig användarmultiplexering. Eftersom en signal kan gå genom flera olika, möjligen oberoende kanaler, så utsätts den för flera olika förändringar samtidigt. Denna mångfald ökar kvaliteten på signalen vid mottagaren och förbättrar radiolänkens robusthet och tillförlitlighet. Detta gör det möjligt att uppfylla de höga kraven på servicekvalitet som fastställts för 5G-systemen. Den största begränsningen för massiva MIMO-system såväl som för alla cellulära mobilnätverk, är störningar från andra celler som påverkar användare på cellkanten väsentligt, vars prestanda redan begränsas av sträckdämpningen på radiokanalen. För att övervinna dessa begränsningar och för att kunna tillhandahålla samma utmärkta servicekvalitet till alla användare behöver vi ett mer radikalt angreppssätt: vi måste utmana cellparadigmet. I detta avseende utgör cellfri massiv-MIMO teknik ett paradigmskifte. I cellfri massive-MIMO är utgångspunkten inte att basstationen är omgiven av användare som den betjänar, utan snarare att varje användare omges av basstationer som de betjänas av. Dessa basstationer, ofta mindre och enklare, kallas accesspunkter (AP). I ett sådant system upplever varje användare att den befinner sig i centrum av systemet och ingen användare upplever några cellgränser. Därav terminologin cellfri. Som ett resultat av detta påverkas inte användarna av inter-cellstörningar och sträckdämpningen reduceras kraftigt på grund av närvaron av många accesspunkter i varje användares närhet. Detta leder till imponerande prestanda. Även om det är tilltalande ur ett prestandaperspektiv så är utformningen och implementeringen av ett sådant distribuerat massivt MIMO-system en utmanande uppgift, och det är syftet med denna avhandling att studera detta. Mer specifikt studerar vi i denna avhandling: A) den mycket stora potentialen med denna teknik i realistiska inomhus- såväl som utomhusscenarier, samt hur man hanterar praktiska implementeringsproblem, såsom klocksynkronisering bland accesspunkter och kostnadseffektiva implementeringar; B) hur man ska uppnå skalbarhet i systemet genom att föreslå lösningar relaterade till databehandling, nätverkstopologi och effektkontroll; C) hur man ökar datahastigheten i nedlänken med hjälp av två nyutvecklade distribuerade överföringsmetoder som tillhandahåller en avvägning mellan störningsundertryckning och förstärkning av önskade signaler, utan att öka mängden intern signalering till de distribuerade accesspunkterna, och som kan implementeras i accesspunkter med mycket få antenner; D) hur man kan förbättra prestandan ytterligare genom att låta användaren estimera nedlänkskanalen med hjälp av nedlänkspiloter, istället för att bara förlita sig på kunskap om kanalstatistik; E) en överföringsmetod för nedlänk som är mer lämpligt när endast kanalstatistiken är tillgänglig för användarna. Prestandan som uppnås genom detta schema jämförs med en utökad variant av den nedlänk-pilotbaserade metoden (beskrivet i föregående punkt); F) en metod för att uppskatta kanalstatistiken i upplänken, samt en åtföljande pilotsändningsmetod, som är särskilt användbart vid direktvägsutbredning (line-of-sight) och i scenarier med resursbegränsningar. Den övergripande slutsatsen är att cellfri massiv MIMO inte är en utopi, och att ett distribuerat, skalbart, samt högpresterande system kan implementeras praktiskt. Idag representerar detta ett hett forskningsämne, men snart kan det visa sig vara en viktig möjliggörare för teknik bortom dagens system, på samma sätt som centraliserad massiv MIMO har varit för de nya 5G-systemen.
Signal Processing Techniques For Power Efficient Wireless Communication Systems
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Author : Fernando Gregorio
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2019-11-23
Signal Processing Techniques For Power Efficient Wireless Communication Systems written by Fernando Gregorio and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-23 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book presents a synthesis of the research carried out in the Laboratory of Signal Processing and Communications (LaPSyC), CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Argentina, since 2003. It presents models and techniques widely used by the signal processing community, focusing on low-complexity methodologies that are scalable to different applications. It also highlights measures of the performance and impact of each compensation technique. The book is divided into three parts: 1) basic models 2) compensation techniques and 3) applications in advanced technologies. The first part addresses basic architectures of transceivers, their component blocks and modulation techniques. It also describes the performance to be taken into account, regardless of the distortions that need to be compensated. In the second part, several schemes of compensation and/or reduction of imperfections are explored, including linearization of power amplifiers, compensation of the characteristics of analog-to- digital converters and CFO compensation for OFDM modulation. The third and last part demonstrates the use of some of these techniques in modern wireless-communication systems, such as full-duplex transmission, massive MIMO schemes and Internet of Things applications.
Opportunities In 5g Networks
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Author : Fei Hu
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2016-03-30
Opportunities In 5g Networks written by Fei Hu and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-30 with Computers categories.
Opportunities in 5G Networks: A Research and Development Perspective uniquely focuses on the R&D technical design of 5th-generation (5G) networks. It is written and edited by researchers and engineers who are world-renown experts in the design of 5G networks. The book consists of four sections: The first section explains what 5G is, what its re
Sparse Signal Processing For Massive Mimo Communications
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Author : Zhen Gao
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date :
Sparse Signal Processing For Massive Mimo Communications written by Zhen Gao and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Cloud Mobile Networks
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Author : Mojtaba Vaezi
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-04-25
Cloud Mobile Networks written by Mojtaba Vaezi and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-25 with Computers categories.
This book explores the challenges and opportunities in exploiting cloud technologies for 5G, ranging from radio access network (RAN) to the evolved packet core (EPC). With a specific focus on cloud RAN and EPC, the text carefully explains the influence of recent network technologies such as software defined networking (SDN), visualization, and cloud technologies in the evolution of architecture for future mobile networks. The book discusses the causes, benefits and challenges of cloud RAN and its interplay with other evolving technologies for future mobile networks. Researchers and professionals involved in mobile technology or cloud computing will find this book a valuable resource. The text is also suitable for advanced-level students studying all types of networking.
Mobile Big Data
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Author : Xiang Cheng
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-08-23
Mobile Big Data written by Xiang Cheng and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-23 with Computers categories.
This book provides a comprehensive picture of mobile big data starting from data sources to mobile data driven applications. Mobile Big Data comprises two main components: an overview of mobile big data, and the case studies based on real-world data recently collected by one of the largest mobile network carriers in China. In the first component, four areas of mobile big data life cycle are surveyed: data source and collection, transmission, computing platform and applications. In the second component, two case studies are provided, based on the signaling data collected in the cellular core network in terms of subscriber privacy evaluation and demand forecasting for network management. These cases respectively give a vivid demonstration of what mobile big data looks like, and how it can be analyzed and mined to generate useful and meaningful information and knowledge. This book targets researchers, practitioners and professors relevant to this field. Advanced-level students studying computer science and electrical engineering will also be interested in this book as supplemental reading.
2nd International Conference On 5g For Ubiquitous Connectivity
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Author : Baoliu Ye
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2019-12-30
2nd International Conference On 5g For Ubiquitous Connectivity written by Baoliu Ye and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-12-30 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The book presents the proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on 5G for Ubiquitous Connectivity (5GU 2018), which took place on December 4-5, 2018 in Nanjing, People’s Republic of China. The aim of this conference is to bring together researchers and developers as well as regulators and policy makers to present their latest views on 5G, including new networking, new wireless communications, resource control & management, future access techniques, new emerging applications, and latest findings in key research activities on 5G. The book is applicable to researchers, academics, students, and professionals. Features practical, tested applications in 5G for ubiquitous connectivity; Includes discussion of 5G for ubiquitous connectivity in relation to wireless communications, resource control & management, and future access techniques; Applicable to researchers, academics, students, and professionals.