Science Democracy And Relativism
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Science Democracy And Relativism
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Author : Haris Shekeris
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date : 2014-06-26
Science Democracy And Relativism written by Haris Shekeris and has been published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-26 with Social Science categories.
Science, Democracy and Relativism proposes and defends the thesis that scientific knowledge is produced through a process of argumentation and consensus among relevant communities of scientists, and that it is disseminated to other epistemic communities according to communitarian epistemology. Such a thesis considers scientific knowledge as unashamedly relative; however, this is regarded as a good thing for democracy, as it views knowledge as a matter of deliberation rather than something to be discovered. In order for democracy to flourish in modern settings where science is ever-present, and in order to avoid the creation of unelected and unaccountable scientific elites essentially producing state policy, it is necessary for the lay public to co-author, co-produce and co-own scientific knowledge. The book spans many disciplines in order to make its central argument, addressing topics ranging from political philosophy and theories of democracy, to the public understanding of science, science education, the sociology of scientific knowledge, science policy and the closure of scientific controversies, the philosophy of science, epistemology and semantics, and, finally, to sustainability science. The style of the prose and of the examples and topics discussed is deliberately simple, making the volume interesting and accessible to the interested lay-person.
Relativism And Religion
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Author : Carlo Invernizzi Accetti
language : en
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Release Date : 2015-11-10
Relativism And Religion written by Carlo Invernizzi Accetti and has been published by Columbia University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-11-10 with Philosophy categories.
Moral relativism is deeply troubling for those who believe that, without a set of moral absolutes, democratic societies will devolve into tyranny or totalitarianism. Engaging directly with this claim, Carlo Invernizzi Accetti traces the roots of contemporary anti-relativist fears to the antimodern rhetoric of the Catholic Church and then rescues a form of philosophical relativism for modern, pluralist societies, arguing that this viewpoint provides the firmest foundation for an allegiance to democracy. In his analyses of the relationship between religious arguments and political authority and the implications of philosophical relativism for democratic theory, Accetti makes a far-ranging contribution to contemporary debates over the revival of religion in politics and the conceptual grounds for a commitment to democracy. He presents the first comprehensive genealogy of anti-relativist discourse and reclaims for English-speaking readers the overlooked work of Hans Kelsen on the connection between relativism and democracy. By engaging with contemporary attempts to replace the religious foundation of democratic values with a neo-Kantian conception of reason, Accetti also makes a powerful case for relativism as the best basis for a civic ethos that integrates different perspectives into democratic politics.
Democracy And Relativism
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Author : Cornelius Castoriadis
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 2019-11-07
Democracy And Relativism written by Cornelius Castoriadis and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-07 with Philosophy categories.
In this vibrant debate with intellectuals influenced by Marcel Mauss, including Alain Caillé and Chantal Mouffe, the incisive Greek-French activist and philosopher Cornelius Castoriadis addresses the challenge of critical thinking in an international context. The first half explores the tradition of radical self-critique and the prospect of affirming its value in a non-ethnocentric way. While defending ancient Greek contributions to the Western tradition of radical self-critique — including the practice of “relativizing” one's own culture, of engaging in philosophical interrogation, and of establishing democratic institutions — Castoriadis is challenged to explore the trans-contextual features of any self-critical, or “autonomous,” social institution. In the second half Castoriadis offers a penetrating critique of representative democracy, and the discussion makes important strides toward a new conception of direct democracy, of political education, and of the institutional prerequisites for the continuation of radical self-critique in politics and philosophy.
Aspects Of Political Theory
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Author : W.J. Stankiewicz
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-03-06
Aspects Of Political Theory written by W.J. Stankiewicz and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-06 with Philosophy categories.
First published in 1976. This study continues an endeavour whose aim was to use traditional concepts as a basis for the discussion of contemporary political predicaments. The endeavour began with the publication of the symposium In Defense of Sovereignty (1969). Its long-range goal is to consider under a common denominator—relativism in politics— various aspects of theory such as the basic concepts discussed in the present essay, together with more modern theories of democracy and the wider spectrum of political ideologies.
The Book Of Absolutes
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Author : William Douglas Gairdner
language : en
Publisher: McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Release Date : 2008
The Book Of Absolutes written by William Douglas Gairdner and has been published by McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Philosophy categories.
Current dogma holds that all cultures and moral values are conditional, nothing human is innate, and Einstein proved that the whole universe is "relative." Challenging this position, William Gairdner argues that relativism is not only logically and morally self-defeating but that progress in scientific and intellectual disciplines has actually strengthened the case for absolutes, universals, and constants of nature and human nature. Gairdner refutes the popular belief in cultural relativism by showing that there are hundreds of well-established cross-cultural "human universals." He then discusses the many universals found in physics - as well as Einstein's personal regret at how his work was misinterpreted by the public's eagerness to promote relativism. Gairdner also gives a lively account of the many universals of human biology, including the controversial topic of universal gender differences or "brain sex." He then looks at universal concepts of both natural and international law, and ends by discussing language theory. He shows how philosophers from Nietzsche to Derrida have misused linguistic concepts to justify their relativism, even though a sustained and successful effort by serious scientists and philosophers of language has revealed myriad universals of human language, ranging from language acquisition, to word-order, to "Universal Grammar." From ethics to Einstein, culture to biology, law to language, The Book of Absolutes makes complex topics accessible to a broad audience and demonstrates that there are plenty of certainties, even in our postmodern world.
Aspects Of Political Theory
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Author : Taylor & Francis Group
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-12-18
Aspects Of Political Theory written by Taylor & Francis Group and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-18 with categories.
First published in 1976. This study continues an endeavour whose aim was to use traditional concepts as a basis for the discussion of contemporary political predicaments. The endeavour began with the publication of the symposium In Defense of Sovereignty (1969). Its long-range goal is to consider under a common denominator--relativism in politics-- various aspects of theory such as the basic concepts discussed in the present essay, together with more modern theories of democracy and the wider spectrum of political ideologies.
Philosophical Papers 2 Volume Set Hardback
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Author : Richard Rorty
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1991-02-22
Philosophical Papers 2 Volume Set Hardback written by Richard Rorty and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-02-22 with Philosophy categories.
In this volume Rorty offers a Deweyan account of objectivity as intersubjectivity, one that drops claims about universal validity and instead focuses on utility for the purposes of a community. The sense in which the natural sciences are exemplary for inquiry is explicated in terms of the moral virtues of scientific communities rather than in terms of a special scientific method. The volume concludes with reflections on the relation of social democratic politics to philosophy.
Knowledge Science And Relativism
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Author : P. K. Feyerabend
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1999-05-27
Knowledge Science And Relativism written by P. K. Feyerabend and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-05-27 with Philosophy categories.
This collection of Feyerabend's philosophical papers gathers together work originally published between 1960 and 1980.
Leo Strauss Max Weber And The Scientific Study Of Politics
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Author : Nasser Behnegar
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2021-08-27
Leo Strauss Max Weber And The Scientific Study Of Politics written by Nasser Behnegar and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-08-27 with Political Science categories.
Can politics be studied scientifically, and if so, how? Assuming it is impossible to justify values by human reason alone, social science has come to consider an unreflective relativism the only viable basis, not only for its own operations, but for liberal societies more generally. Although the experience of the sixties has made social scientists more sensitive to the importance of values, it has not led to a fundamental reexamination of value relativism, which remains the basis of contemporary social science. Almost three decades after Leo Strauss's death, Nasser Behnegar offers the first sustained exposition of what Strauss was best known for: his radical critique of contemporary social science, and particularly of political science. Behnegar's impressive book argues that Strauss was not against the scientific study of politics, but he did reject the idea that it could be built upon political science's unexamined assumption of the distinction between facts and values. Max Weber was, for Strauss, the most profound exponent of values relativism in social science, and Behnegar's explication artfully illuminates Strauss's critique of Weber's belief in the ultimate insolubility of all value conflicts. Strauss's polemic against contemporary political science was meant to make clear the contradiction between its claim of value-free premises and its commitment to democratic principles. As Behnegar ultimately shows, values—the ethical component lacking in a contemporary social science—are essential to Strauss's project of constructing a genuinely scientific study of politics.
Objectivity Relativism And Truth
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Author : Richard Rorty
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1991
Objectivity Relativism And Truth written by Richard Rorty and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Philosophy categories.
A continuation of the philosopher's attack on traditional attempts to establish objective fundamental truths concludes with reflections on the relation of social democratic politics to philosophy.