Scientific Knowledge In Controversy
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Scientific Knowledge In Controversy
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Author : Brian Martin
language : en
Publisher: State University of New York Press
Release Date : 1991-07-03
Scientific Knowledge In Controversy written by Brian Martin and has been published by State University of New York Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-07-03 with Social Science categories.
Scientific Knowledge in Controversy: The Social Dynamics of the Fluoridation Debate is a study of today's most heated and long-lived health controversy as well as a study of the role of power in science. It uses the tools of sociology of knowledge and political economy to analyze battles over scientific evidence and the struggle for scientific credibility, the exercise of professional power to suppress opponents, and the role of corporate interests in the debate. The evidence from a variety of countries offers a new perspective on the fluoridation issue and also shows how to link the analysis of rhetoric in scientific disputes with the wider analysis of power in society.
Scientific Controversies
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Author : H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr.
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1987-03-27
Scientific Controversies written by H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr. and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987-03-27 with Science categories.
This collection of essays examines the ways in which disputes and controversies about the application of scientific knowledge are resolved. Four concrete examples of public controversy are considered in detail: the efficacy of Laetrile, the classification of homosexuality as a disease, the setting of safety standards in the workplace, and the utility of nuclear energy as a source of power. The essays in this volume show that debates about these cases are not confined to matters of empirical fact. Rather, as is seen with most scientific and technical controversies, they focus on and are structured by complex ethical, economic, and political interests. Drs. Engelhardt and Caplan have brought together a distinguished group of scholars from the sciences and humanities, who sketch a theory of scientific controversy and attempt to provide recommendations about the ways in which both scientists and the public ought to seek more informed resolutions of highly contentious issues in science and technology. Scientific Controversies is offered as a contribution to the better understanding of the roles of both science and nonscientific interests in disputes and controversies pertaining to science and technology.
Controversial Science
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Author : Thomas Brante
language : en
Publisher: State University of New York Press
Release Date : 1993-07-01
Controversial Science written by Thomas Brante and has been published by State University of New York Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993-07-01 with Social Science categories.
This book represents emerging alternative perspectives to the "constructivist" orthodoxy that currently dominates the field of science and technology studies. Various contributions from distinguished Americans and Europeans in the field, provide arguments and evidence that it is not enough simply to say that science is "socially situated." Controversial Science focuses on important political, ethical, and broadly normative considerations that have yet to be given their due, but which point to a more realistic and critical perspective on science policy.
Scientific Controversies
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Author : Dominique Raynaud
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-07-05
Scientific Controversies written by Dominique Raynaud and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-05 with Science categories.
In Scientific Controversies, Dominque Raynaud shows how organized debates in the sciences help us establish or verify our knowledge of the world. If debates focus on form, scientific controversies are akin to public debates that can be understood within the framework of theories of conflict. If they focus on content, then such controversies have to do with a specific activity and address the nature of science itself. Understanding the major focus of a scientific controversy is a first step toward understanding these debates and assessing their merits.Controversies of unique socio-historic context, disciplines, and characteristics are examined: Pasteur's germ theory and Pouchet's theory of spontaneous generation; vitalism advocated at Montpellier versus experimental medicine in Paris; the science of optics about the propagation of visual rays; the origins of relativism (the Duhem-Quine problem). Touching on the work of Boudon, Popper, and others, Raynaud puts forward an incrementalist theory about the advancement of science through scientific controversies.The debates Raynaud has selected share in common their pivotal importance to the history of the sciences. By understanding the role of controversy, we better understand the functioning of science and the stakes of the contemporary scientific debates.
The Great Devonian Controversy
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Author : Martin J. S. Rudwick
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2011-01-15
The Great Devonian Controversy written by Martin J. S. Rudwick and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-01-15 with Science categories.
"Arguably the best work to date in the history of geology."—David R. Oldroyd, Science "After a superficial first glance, most readers of good will and broad knowledge might dismiss [this book] as being too much about too little. They would be making one of the biggest mistakes in their intellectual lives. . . . [It] could become one of our century's key documents in understanding science and its history."—Stephen Jay Gould, New York Review of Books "Surely one of the most important studies in the history of science of recent years, and arguably the best work to date in the history of geology."—David R. Oldroyd, Science
The Social Dimensions Of Scientific Knowledge
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Author : Boaz Miller
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2024-07-31
The Social Dimensions Of Scientific Knowledge written by Boaz Miller and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-07-31 with Science categories.
This Elements is about the social dimensions of scientific knowledge. The first chapter asks in what ways scientific knowledge is social. The second chapter develops a conception of scientific knowledge that accommodates the insights of the first chapter, and is consonant with mainstream thinking about knowledge in analytic epistemology. The third chapter asks under what conditions we can tell, in the real world, that a consensus in a scientific community amounts to shared scientific knowledge, as characterized in the second chapter, and how to deal with scientific dissent. The forth chapter reviews the ways epistemic and social elements mutually interact to coproduce scientific knowledge. This Elements engages with literature from philosophy of science and social epistemology, especially social epistemology of science, as well as Science, Technology, and Society (STS), and analytic epistemology. The book focuses on themes and debates since the start of the second millennium.
Scientific Controversies
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Author : Peter Machamer
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2000-04-20
Scientific Controversies written by Peter Machamer and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-04-20 with Science categories.
Traditionally it has been thought that scientific controversies can always be resolved on the basis of empirical data. Recently, however, social constructionists have claimed that the outcome of scientific debates is strongly influenced by non-evidential factors such as the rhetorical prowess and professional clout of the participants. This volume of previously unpublished essays by well-known philosophers of science presents historical studies and philosophical analyses that undermine the plausibility of an extreme social constructionist perspective while also indicating the need for a richer and more realistic account of scientific rationality.
Scientific Knowledge In Controversy
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Author : Brian Martin
language : en
Publisher: SUNY Press
Release Date : 1991-01-01
Scientific Knowledge In Controversy written by Brian Martin and has been published by SUNY Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-01-01 with Social Science categories.
Scientific Knowledge in Controversy: The Social Dynamics of the Fluoridation Debate is a study of today's most heated and long-lived health controversy as well as a study of the role of power in science. It uses the tools of sociology of knowledge and political economy to analyze battles over scientific evidence and the struggle for scientific credibility, the exercise of professional power to suppress opponents, and the role of corporate interests in the debate. The evidence from a variety of countries offers a new perspective on the fluoridation issue and also shows how to link the analysis of rhetoric in scientific disputes with the wider analysis of power in society.
Communicating Science Effectively
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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2017-03-08
Communicating Science Effectively written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-08 with Science categories.
Science and technology are embedded in virtually every aspect of modern life. As a result, people face an increasing need to integrate information from science with their personal values and other considerations as they make important life decisions about medical care, the safety of foods, what to do about climate change, and many other issues. Communicating science effectively, however, is a complex task and an acquired skill. Moreover, the approaches to communicating science that will be most effective for specific audiences and circumstances are not obvious. Fortunately, there is an expanding science base from diverse disciplines that can support science communicators in making these determinations. Communicating Science Effectively offers a research agenda for science communicators and researchers seeking to apply this research and fill gaps in knowledge about how to communicate effectively about science, focusing in particular on issues that are contentious in the public sphere. To inform this research agenda, this publication identifies important influences â€" psychological, economic, political, social, cultural, and media-related â€" on how science related to such issues is understood, perceived, and used.
Controversies Within The Scientific Revolution
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Author : Marcelo Dascal
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Release Date : 2011-11-30
Controversies Within The Scientific Revolution written by Marcelo Dascal and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-11-30 with Science categories.
From the beginning of the Scientific Revolution around the late sixteenth century to its final crystallization in the early eighteenth century, hardly an observational result, an experimental technique, a theory, a mathematical proof, a methodological principle, or the award of recognition and reputation remained unquestioned for long. The essays collected in this book examine the rich texture of debates that comprised the Scientific Revolution from which the modern conception of science emerged. Were controversies marginal episodes, restricted to certain fields, or were they the rule in the majority of scientific domains? To what extent did scientific controversies share a typical pattern, which distinguished them from debates in other fields? Answers to these historical and philosophical questions are sought through a close attention to specific controversies within and across the changing scientific disciplines as well as across the borders of the natural and the human sciences, philosophy, theology, and technology.