Search For New Phenomena In Dijet Angular Distributions At S 8 And 13 Tev
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Search For New Phenomena In Dijet Angular Distributions At S 8 And 13 Tev
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Author : Lene Kristian Bryngemark
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-12-29
Search For New Phenomena In Dijet Angular Distributions At S 8 And 13 Tev written by Lene Kristian Bryngemark and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-29 with Science categories.
This thesis describes the use of the angular distributions of the most energetic dijets in data recorded by the ATLAS experiment, at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the goal of which is to search for phenomena beyond what the current theory of Particle Physics (the Standard Model) can describe. It also describes the deployment of the method used in ATLAS to correct for the distortions in jet energy measurements caused by additional proton–proton interactions. The thesis provides a detailed introduction to understanding jets and dijet searches at the LHC. The experiments were carried out at two record collider centre-of-mass energies (8 and 13 TeV), probing smaller distances than ever before. Across a broad momentum transfer range, the proton constituents (quarks and gluons) display the same kinematical behaviour, and thus still appear to be point-like. Data are compared to predictions corrected for next-to-leading order quantum chromodynamics (NLO QCD) as well as electroweak effects, demonstrating excellent agreement. The results are subsequently used to set limits on parameters of suggested theoretical extensions to the Standard Model (SM), including the effective coupling and mass of a Dark Matter mediator.
Dijet Angular Distributions In Proton Proton Collisions
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Author : Nele Boelaert
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-10-26
Dijet Angular Distributions In Proton Proton Collisions written by Nele Boelaert and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-10-26 with Science categories.
This thesis is based on the first data from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. Its theme can be described as the classical Rutherford scattering experiment adapted to the LHC: measurement of scattering angles to search for new physics and substructure. At the LHC, colliding quarks and gluons exit the proton collisions as collimated particle showers, or jets. The thesis presents studies of the scattering angles of these jets. It includes a phenomenological study at the LHC design energy of 14 TeV, where a model of so-called large extra dimensions is used as a benchmark process for the sensitivity to new physics. The experimental result is the first measurement, made in 2010, by ATLAS, operating at the LHC start-up energy of 7 TeV. The result is compatible with the Standard Model and demonstrates how well the physics and the apparatus are understood. The first data is a tiny fraction of what will be accumulated in the coming years, and this study has set the stage for performing these measurements with confidence as the LHC accumulates luminosity and increases its energy, thereby probing smaller length scales.
Jet Physics At The Lhc
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Author : Klaus Rabbertz
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-10-11
Jet Physics At The Lhc written by Klaus Rabbertz and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-11 with Science categories.
This book reviews the latest experimental results on jet physics from proton-proton collisons at the LHC. Jets allow to determine the strong coupling constant over a wide range of energies up the highest ones possible so far, and to constrain the gluon parton distribution of the proton, both of which are important uncertainties on theory predictions in general and for the Higgs boson in particular.A novel approach in this book is to categorize the examined quantities according to the types of absolute, ratio, or shape measurements and to explain in detail the advantages and differences. Including numerous illustrations and tables the physics message and impact of each observable is clearly elaborated.
Advances In Jet Substructure At The Lhc
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Author : Roman Kogler
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-05-10
Advances In Jet Substructure At The Lhc written by Roman Kogler and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-10 with Science categories.
This book introduces the reader to the field of jet substructure, starting from the basic considerations for capturing decays of boosted particles in individual jets, to explaining state-of-the-art techniques. Jet substructure methods have become ubiquitous in data analyses at the LHC, with diverse applications stemming from the abundance of jets in proton-proton collisions, the presence of pileup and multiple interactions, and the need to reconstruct and identify decays of highly-Lorentz boosted particles. The last decade has seen a vast increase in our knowledge of all aspects of the field, with a proliferation of new jet substructure algorithms, calculations and measurements which are presented in this book. Recent developments and algorithms are described and put into the larger experimental context. Their usefulness and application are shown in many demonstrative examples and the phenomenological and experimental effects influencing their performance are discussed. A comprehensive overview is given of measurements and searches for new phenomena performed by the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations. This book shows the impressive versatility of jet substructure methods at the LHC.
Searches For Dijet Resonances
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Author : Lydia Audrey Beresford
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-09-04
Searches For Dijet Resonances written by Lydia Audrey Beresford and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-04 with Science categories.
This book addresses one of the most intriguing mysteries of our universe: the nature of dark matter. The results presented here mark a significant and substantial contribution to the search for new physics, in particular for new particles that couple to dark matter. The first analysis presented is a search for heavy new particles that decay into pairs of hadronic jets (dijets). This pioneering analysis explores unprecedented dijet invariant masses, reaching nearly 7 TeV, and sets constraints on several important new physics models. The two subsequent analyses focus on the difficult low dijet mass region, down to 200 GeV, and employ a novel technique to efficiently gather low-mass dijet events. The results of these analyses transcend the long-standing constraints on dark matter mediator particles set by several existing experiments.
Dijet Angular Distributions In Proton Proton Collisions At S
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Author : Nele Boelaert
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Dijet Angular Distributions In Proton Proton Collisions At S written by Nele Boelaert and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
Search For Heavy Particles In The B Tagged Dijet Mass Distribution With Additional B Tagged Jets In Proton Proton Collisions At Square Root S
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Author : [Study Group] ATLAS Collaboration CERN
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Search For Heavy Particles In The B Tagged Dijet Mass Distribution With Additional B Tagged Jets In Proton Proton Collisions At Square Root S written by [Study Group] ATLAS Collaboration CERN and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
Abstract: A search optimized for new heavy particles decaying to two b-quarks and produced in association with additional b-quarks is reported. The sensitivity is improved by b-tagging at least one lower-pT jet in addition to the two highest-pT jets. The data used in this search correspond to an integrated luminosity of 103 fb−1 collected with a dedicated trijet trigger during the 2017 and 2018 √s=13 TeV proton-proton collision runs with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The search looks for resonant peaks in the b-tagged dijet invariant mass spectrum over a smoothly falling background. The background is estimated with an innovative data-driven method based on orthonormal functions. The observed b-tagged dijet invariant mass spectrum is compatible with the background-only hypothesis. Upper limits at 95% confidence level on a heavy vector-boson production cross section times branching ratio to a pair of b-quarks are derived
Looking Inside Jets
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Author : Simone Marzani
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-05-11
Looking Inside Jets written by Simone Marzani and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-11 with Science categories.
This concise primer reviews the latest developments in the field of jets. Jets are collinear sprays of hadrons produced in very high-energy collisions, e.g. at the LHC or at a future hadron collider. They are essential to and ubiquitous in experimental analyses, making their study crucial. At present LHC energies and beyond, massive particles around the electroweak scale are frequently produced with transverse momenta that are much larger than their mass, i.e., boosted. The decay products of such boosted massive objects tend to occupy only a relatively small and confined area of the detector and are observed as a single jet. Jets hence arise from many different sources and it is important to be able to distinguish the rare events with boosted resonances from the large backgrounds originating from Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). This requires familiarity with the internal properties of jets, such as their different radiation patterns, a field broadly known as jet substructure. This set of notes begins by providing a phenomenological motivation, explaining why the study of jets and their substructure is of particular importance for the current and future program of the LHC, followed by a brief but insightful introduction to QCD and to hadron-collider phenomenology. The next section introduces jets as complex objects constructed from a sequential recombination algorithm. In this context some experimental aspects are also reviewed. Since jet substructure calculations are multi-scale problems that call for all-order treatments (resummations), the bases of such calculations are discussed for simple jet quantities. With these QCD and jet physics ingredients in hand, readers can then dig into jet substructure itself. Accordingly, these notes first highlight the main concepts behind substructure techniques and introduce a list of the main jet substructure tools that have been used over the past decade. Analytic calculations are then provided for several families of tools, the goal being to identify their key characteristics. In closing, the book provides an overview of LHC searches and measurements where jet substructure techniques are used, reviews the main take-home messages, and outlines future perspectives.
Search For New Phenomena With Top Quark Pairs In Final States With One Lepton Jets And Missing Transverse Momentum In Pp Collisions At Square Root S
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Author : ATLAS Collaboration CERN
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Search For New Phenomena With Top Quark Pairs In Final States With One Lepton Jets And Missing Transverse Momentum In Pp Collisions At Square Root S written by ATLAS Collaboration CERN and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
Abstract: A search for new phenomena with top quark pairs in final states with one isolated electron or muon, multiple jets, and large missing transverse momentum is performed. Signal regions are designed to search for two-, three-, and four-body decays of the directly pair-produced supersymmetric partner of the top quark (stop). Additional signal regions are designed specifically to search for spin-0 mediators that are produced in association with a pair of top quarks and decay into a pair of dark-matter particles. The search is performed using the Large Hadron Collider proton-proton collision dataset at a centre-of-mass energy of s√ = 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector from 2015 to 2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1. No significant excess above the Standard Model background is observed, and limits at 95% confidence level are set in the stop-neutralino mass plane and as a function of the mediator mass or the dark-matter particle mass. Stops are excluded up to 1200 GeV (710 GeV) in the two-body (three-body) decay scenario. In the four-body scenario stops up to 640 GeV are excluded for a stop-neutralino mass difference of 60 GeV. Scalar and pseudoscalar dark-matter mediators are excluded up to 200 GeV when the coupling strengths of the mediator to Standard Model and dark-matter particles are both equal to one and when the mass of the dark-matter particle is 1 GeV
We Have No Idea
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Author : Jorge Cham
language : en
Publisher: Hachette UK
Release Date : 2017-05-16
We Have No Idea written by Jorge Cham and has been published by Hachette UK this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-05-16 with Social Science categories.
'This witty book reveals the humbling vastness of our ignorance about the universe, along with charming insights into what we actually do understand' Carlo Rovelli, author of Seven Brief Lessons on Physics and Reality Is Not What It Seems In our small corner of the universe, we know how some matter behaves most of the time and what even less of it looks like, and we have some good guesses about where it all came from. But we really have no clue what's going on. In fact, we don't know what about 95% of the universe is made of. So what happens when a cartoonist and a physicist walk into this strange, mostly unknown universe? Jorge Cham and Daniel Whiteson gleefully explore the biggest unknowns, why these things are still mysteries, and what a lot of smart people are doing to figure out the answers (or at least ask the right questions). While they're at it, they helpfully demystify many complicated things we do know about, from quarks and neutrinos to gravitational waves and exploding black holes. With equal doses of humour and delight, they invite us to see the universe as a vast expanse of mostly uncharted territory that's still ours to explore. This is a book for fans of Brian Cox and What If. This highly entertaining highly illustrated book is perfect for anyone who's curious about all the great mysteries physicists are going to solve next.