Sedimentary Geology At Meridiani Planum Mars
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Sedimentary Geology At Meridiani Planum Mars
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Author : S.W. Squyres
language : en
Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
Release Date : 2006-01-17
Sedimentary Geology At Meridiani Planum Mars written by S.W. Squyres and has been published by Gulf Professional Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-01-17 with Science categories.
In January of 2004, twin robotic explorers, Spirit and Opportunity, landed on Mars. Expected to last for 90 days, the two rovers explored the Martian surface for nearly two years. Their objective was to search for evidence of ancient water on Mars, and to determine if Mars ever had conditions that would have been suitable for life. Opportunity, landed on Meridiani Planum, a smooth plateau near the Martian equator, coming to rest in a small impact feature named Eagle Crater. After leaving Eagle Crater, Opportunity drove eastward to Endurance Crater, a much larger carter that allowed access to deeper and older rocks. At these locations, Opportunity, found strong evidence for ancient water on Mars. This evidence includes "blueberries,” small concretions rich in hematite that precipitated from water. Other evidence includes rocks that ware made largely of sulphate salts, deposited when water evaporated, and rocks that preserve ancient ripples that formed billions of years ago as water flowed over sand on Mars. The conditions long ago at Meridiani Planum could have been suitable for some simple forms of life. Whether life could have developed there, however, is a more difficult question.
Geomechanical And Tectonic Investigations Into The Geologic History Of Mars At Local Regional And Global Scales
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Author : Amanda L. Nahm
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Geomechanical And Tectonic Investigations Into The Geologic History Of Mars At Local Regional And Global Scales written by Amanda L. Nahm and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
The primary goal of this dissertation is to understand the geologic history of Mars through the use of geomechanical techniques to investigate tectonic deformation of the lithosphere at local, regional, and global scales. Techniques that have their origins in terrestrial geology are applied to Mars to analyze tectonic deformation of the lithosphere at these scales. At the local, or outcrop scale, I determine the physical properties of a sedimentary rock unit at Meridiani Planum by utilizing data collected in situ by the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity. The geological engineering technique of rock mass rating (RMR) was used to characterize the strength and deformability of a jointed outcrop of the upper unit of the Burns Formation. Results of this study show that the upper unit of the Burns formation has similar physical properties to terrestrial sedimentary rock masses such as siltstone, mudstone, and shale and that at the time of deposition, the modulus of deformation, cohesive strength, and tensile strength for the Burns Formation were ~50% lower than for present-day dry conditions. The hypothesis that the Thaumasia Highlands, located in southern Tharsis, formed as an orogenic belt is tested using critical taper wedge mechanics (CTWM). Key physical parameters such as the coefficients of friction for the wedge material and décollement and the pore fluid pressure ratio were varied between reasonable values for these parameters suggested by terrestrial and Venusian values. The topographic slope of the Thaumasia Highlands was measured from a digital elevation model derived from MOLA topographic data and, together with the physical parameters listed above, were used in a series of equations that describe the physical properties and geometry of a hypothetical critical-taper wedge. The results of this study suggest that regional slopes in the Thaumasia region are too small for the topography to achieve a critical wedge taper for reasonable values of décollement dip angle, pore fluid pressure ratios, and rock properties, which suggests that the Thaumasia Highlands likely did not form as an orogenic wedge but instead through a mechanism such as lithospheric flexure. I test the hypothesis that a period of enhanced contractional deformation occurred on Mars during the Late Noachian - Early Hesperian (3.8-3.6 Ga). The magnitude of fault-related strain and corresponding planetary radius decrease was calculated for contractional structures that formed during this time period. Additionally, I calculate the fault-related strain and planetary radius decrease for all of Mars' observable geologic record (3.95-present; Middle Noachian - Late Amazonian). Comparison of these values to those predicted by thermal evolution models for Mars shows that thermal evolution models significantly overpredict the amount of strain and associated planetary radius decrease for both time periods. Results of this study also support the hypothesis that a "pulse" of enhanced contractional deformation occurred during the Late Noachian - Early Hesperian.
Sedimentary Geology Of Mars
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Author : John P. Grotzinger
language : en
Publisher: Sepm Society for Sedimentary
Release Date : 2012-01-01
Sedimentary Geology Of Mars written by John P. Grotzinger and has been published by Sepm Society for Sedimentary this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-01 with Science categories.
Sedimentary Geology Of Mars
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Author : John P. Grotzinger
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012-01-01
Sedimentary Geology Of Mars written by John P. Grotzinger and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-01 with DVDs categories.
Often thought of as a volcanically dominated planet, the last several decades of Mars exploration have revealed with increasing clarity the role of sedimentary processes on the Red Planet. Data from recent orbiters have highlighted the role of sedimentary processes throughout the geologic evolution of Mars by providing evidence that such processes are preserved in a rock record that spans a period of over four billion years.
Fluvial Megafans On Earth And Mars
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Author : Justin Wilkinson
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2023-03-31
Fluvial Megafans On Earth And Mars written by Justin Wilkinson and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-03-31 with Science categories.
Megafans are partial cones of river sediment that reach unexpectedly large dimensions, with the largest on Earth being 700 km long. Due to recent developments in space-based observations, global mapping efforts have shown that modern megafan features cover vast landscapes on most continents. This book provides a new inventory of nearly 300 megafans across five continents. Chapters focus on regional studies of megafans from all continents barring North America and Antarctica. The major morphological attributes of megafans and multi-megafan landscapes are discussed, and the principal controls on megafan development are examined. The book also compares megafans with alluvial fans, deltas, floodplains and the recently recognised 'major avulsive fluvial system' (MAFS). The final part of the book discusses the application of megafan research to economic geology, aquifers and planetary geology including layered deposits on Mars. This is an invaluable reference for researchers in geomorphology, sedimentology and physical geography.
Treatise On Geochemistry
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Newnes
Release Date : 2013-10-19
Treatise On Geochemistry written by and has been published by Newnes this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-19 with Science categories.
This extensively updated new edition of the widely acclaimed Treatise on Geochemistry has increased its coverage beyond the wide range of geochemical subject areas in the first edition, with five new volumes which include: the history of the atmosphere, geochemistry of mineral deposits, archaeology and anthropology, organic geochemistry and analytical geochemistry. In addition, the original Volume 1 on "Meteorites, Comets, and Planets" was expanded into two separate volumes dealing with meteorites and planets, respectively. These additions increased the number of volumes in the Treatise from 9 to 15 with the index/appendices volume remaining as the last volume (Volume 16). Each of the original volumes was scrutinized by the appropriate volume editors, with respect to necessary revisions as well as additions and deletions. As a result, 27% were republished without major changes, 66% were revised and 126 new chapters were added. In a many-faceted field such as Geochemistry, explaining and understanding how one sub-field relates to another is key. Instructors will find the complete overviews with extensive cross-referencing useful additions to their course packs and students will benefit from the contextual organization of the subject matter Six new volumes added and 66% updated from 1st edition. The Editors of this work have taken every measure to include the many suggestions received from readers and ensure comprehensiveness of coverage and added value in this 2nd edition The esteemed Board of Volume Editors and Editors-in-Chief worked cohesively to ensure a uniform and consistent approach to the content, which is an amazing accomplishment for a 15-volume work (16 volumes including index volume)!
From Habitability To Life On Mars
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Author : Nathalie A. Cabrol
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2018-07-10
From Habitability To Life On Mars written by Nathalie A. Cabrol and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-07-10 with Science categories.
From Habitability to Life on Mars explores the current state of knowledge and questions on the past habitability of Mars and the role that rapid environmental changes may have played in the ability of prebiotic chemistry to transition to life. It investigates the role that such changes may have played in the preservation of biosignatures in the geological record and what this means for exploration strategies. Throughout the book, the authors show how the investigation of terrestrial analogs to early Martian habitats under various climates and environmental extremes provide critical clues to understand where, what and how to search for biosignatures on Mars. The authors present an introduction to the newest developments and state-of-the-art remote and in situ detection strategies and technologies that are being currently developed to support the upcoming ExoMars and Mars 2020 missions. They show how the current orbital and ground exploration is guiding the selection for future landing sites. Finally, the book concludes by discussing the critical question of the implications and ethics of finding life on Mars. Edited by the lead on a NASA project that searches for habitability and life on Mars leading to the Mars 2020 mission Presents the evidence, questions and answers we have today (including a summary of the current state of knowledge in advance of the ESA ExoMars and NASA Mars 2020 missions) Includes contributions from authors directly involved in past, current and upcoming Mars missions Provides key information as to how Mars rovers, such as ExoMars and Mars 2020, will address the search for life on Mars with their instrumentation
The Web Of Geological Sciences
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Author : Marion Eugene Bickford
language : en
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Release Date : 2013
The Web Of Geological Sciences written by Marion Eugene Bickford and has been published by Geological Society of America this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Science categories.
"This volume covers many of the important advances in the geological sciences from 1963 to 2013. These advances include understanding plate tectonics, exploration of the Moon and Mars, development of new computing and analytical technologies, understanding of the role of microbiology in geologic processes, and many others"--Provided by publisher.
Geochemical Sediments And Landscapes
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Author : David J. Nash
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2011-07-18
Geochemical Sediments And Landscapes written by David J. Nash and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-07-18 with Science categories.
This state-of-the-art volume reviews both past work and current research, with contributions from internationally recognized experts. The book is organized into fourteen chapters and designed to embrace the full range of terrestrial geochemical sediments. An up-to-date and comprehensive survey of research in the field of geochemical sediments and landscapes Discusses the main duricrusts, including calcrete, laterite and silcrete Considers deposits precipitated in various springs, lakes, caves and near-coastal environments Considers the range of techniques used in the analysis of geochemical sediments, representing a significant advance on previous texts
Volatiles In The Martian Crust
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Author : Justin Filiberto
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2018-08-30
Volatiles In The Martian Crust written by Justin Filiberto and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-30 with Science categories.
Volatiles in the Martian Crust is a vital reference for future missions - including ESA’s EXO Mars and NASA’s Mars2020 rover - looking for evidence of life on Mars and the potential for habitability and human exploration of the Martian crust. Mars science is a rapidly evolving topic with new data returned from the planet on a daily basis. The book presents chapters written by well-established experts who currently focus on the topic, providing the reader with a fresh, up-to-date and accurate view. Organized into two main sections, the first half of the book focuses on the Martian meteorites and specific volatile elements. The second half of the book explores processes and locations on the crust, including what we have learned about volatile mobility in the Martian crust. Coverage includes data from orbiter and in situ rovers and landers, geochemical and geophysical modeling, and combined data from the SNC meteorites. Presents information about the nature, relationship, and reactivity of chemical elements and compounds on Mars Explores the potential habitability of Mars Provides a comprehensive view of volatiles in the Martian crust from studies of actual samples as well as from the variety of landed missions, including the MER and Curiosity rovers Delivers a vital reference for ongoing and future missions to Mars while synthesizing large data sets and research on volatiles in the Martian atmosphere Concludes with an informative summary chapter that looks to future Mars missions and what might be learned