Seismic Loading For Fast
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Seismic Loading For Fast
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Author : M. A. Asareh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Seismic Loading For Fast written by M. A. Asareh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Earthquakes categories.
As more wind farms are constructed in seismically active regions, earthquake loading increases in prominence for design and analysis of wind turbines. Early investigation of seismic load tended to simplify the rotor and nacelle as a lumped mass on top of the turbine tower. This simplification allowed the use of techniques developed for conventional civil structures, such as buildings, to be easily applied to wind turbines. However, interest is shifting to more detailed models that consider loads for turbine components other than the tower. These improved models offer three key capabilities in consideration of base shaking for turbines: 1) The inclusion of aerodynamics and turbine control; 2) The ability to consider component loads other than just tower loads; and 3) An improved representation of turbine response in higher modes by reducing modeling simplifications. Both experimental and numerical investigations have shown that, especially for large modern turbines, it is important to consider interaction between earthquake input, aerodynamics, and operational loads. These investigations further show that consideration of higher mode activity may be necessary in the analysis of the seismic response of turbines. Since the FAST code is already capable of considering these factors, modifications were developed that allow simulation of base shaking. This approach allows consideration of this additional load source within a framework, the FAST code that is already familiar to many researchers and practitioners.
Fundamentals Of Seismic Loading On Structures
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Author : Tapan K. Sen
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2009-04-29
Fundamentals Of Seismic Loading On Structures written by Tapan K. Sen and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-04-29 with Science categories.
This book provides a practical guide to the basic essentials of earthquake engineering with a focus on seismic loading and structural design. Benefiting from the author’s extensive career in structural and earthquake engineering, dynamic analysis and lecturing, it is written from an industry perspective at a level suitable for graduate students. Fundamentals of Seismic Loading on Structures is organised into four major sections: introduction to earthquakes and related engineering problems, analysis, seismic loading, and design concepts. From a practical perspective, reviews linear and non-linear behaviour, introduces concepts of uniform hazard spectra, discusses loading provisions in design codes and examines soil-structure interaction issues, allowing the reader to quickly identify and implement information in a working environment. Discusses probabilistic methods that are widely employed in the assessment of seismic hazard, illustrating the use of Monte Carlo simulation with a number of worked examples. Summarises the latest developments in the field such as performance-based seismic engineering and advances in liquefaction research. “There are many books on earthquake engineering, but few are of direct use to the practising structural designer. This one, however, offers a new perspective, putting emphasis on the practical aspects of quantifying seismic loading, and explaining the importance of geotechnical effects during a major seismic event in readily understandable terms. The author has succeeded in marrying important seismological considerations with structural engineering practice, and this long-awaited book will find ready acceptance in the profession.” Professor Patrick J. Dowling CBE, DL, DSc, FIStructE, Hon MRIA, FIAE, FREng, FRS Chairman, British Association for the Advancement of Science Emeritus Professor and Retired Vice Chancellor, University of Surrey
Estimation Of Seismic Load Demand For A Wind Turbine In The Time Domain
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Estimation Of Seismic Load Demand For A Wind Turbine In The Time Domain written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Earthquakes categories.
Turbines installed in seismically active regions such as the Pacific Rim or the Mediterranean must consider loads induced by base shaking from an earthquake. To account for this earthquake risk, current International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) certification requirements provide a simplified method for calculating seismic loads which is intended to be conservative. Through the addition of capabilities, it is now possible to simulate earthquake loading of a wind turbine in conjunction other load sources such as wind and control system behavior using the FAST code. This paper presents a comparison of three earthquake loading scenarios of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) offshore 5-MW baseline wind turbine: idling; continued operation through an earthquake; and an emergency shutdown initiated by an earthquake. Using a set of 22 earthquake records, simulations are conducted for each load case. A summary of the resulting tower moment demand is presented to assess the influence of operational state on the resulting structural demand.
Fast Simulation Of Wind Turbine Seismic Response
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Author : Ian Prowell
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Fast Simulation Of Wind Turbine Seismic Response written by Ian Prowell and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Earthquakes categories.
Numerical modeling is an essential tool for predicting the seismic response of structures. Many mature computational tools, both commercial and public domain, are available for modeling stationary buildings and structures. Wind turbines are structures in motion, however, and as such are not easily modeled in these existing packages. FAST, an open source software tool maintained by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), designed specifically to simulate turbine dynamics, overcomes this limitation. This paper discusses recent additions to FAST that allow a user to consider seismic loads in addition to existing robust capabilities for simulating wind and other load sources under the various states of wind turbine operation. For that purpose, researchers at the University of California San Diego (UCSD) first simulated seismic response for a small utility-scale wind turbine to a suite of earthquake motions using an experimentally validated OpenSees model. A comparable model built for FAST was subjected to the same earthquake recordings. Results from the two models validate this new capability in FAST.
Vibration Of Buildings To Wind And Earthquake Loads
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Author : T. Balendra
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Vibration Of Buildings To Wind And Earthquake Loads written by T. Balendra and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Recent advances in the development of high strength materials, coupled with more advanced computational methods and design procedures, have led to a new generation of tall and slender buildings. These structures are very sensitive to the most common dynamic loads; wind and earthquakes. The primary requirement for a successful design is to provide safety while taking into account serviceability requirements. This book provides a well-balanced and broad coverage of the information needed for the design of structural systems for wind- and earthquake-resistant buildings. It covers topics such as the basic concepts in structural dynamics and structural systems, the assessment of wind and earthquake loads acting on the system, the evaluation of the system response to such dynamic loads and the design for extreme loading. The text is generously illustrated and supported by numerical examples and will be of great interest to practising engineers and researchers in structural, civil and design engineering and also to architects. The author has drawn on his experience as a teacher, researcher and consultant.
Seismic Loads
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Author : Victor M. Lyatkher
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2015-12-03
Seismic Loads written by Victor M. Lyatkher and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-03 with Political Science categories.
Earthquakes are a way of life on Earth, and, whether you live in an area that is often affected by earthquakes or not, every building, every road, every bridge, and, in fact, almost everything constructed by humans in which we walk, sleep, live, sit, or visit, has to be constructed to withstand an earthquake, by following local, regional, or national codes, laws, and regulations. Further to this, the science and engineering behind these constructions go further than what is mandated by government as a part of their practice. All construction, and, in general, all life on Earth, has some risk of seismic impacts. A comprehensive description of any seismic action may be given only on a probabilistic basis and, in general, is very bulky and quite uncertain. However, for a variety of structures or systems that meet fairly simple models of behavior during earthquakes, a general description of the seismic action is not required, for prediction of the status of such facilities or systems may be sufficient to define one or more common parameters of seismic impact. Thus, it makes sense to search for optimal parameters of influence in which optimality is understood with the greatest ease with sufficient information. This book contains a description of several models of seismic effects and examples of implementation of these models at specific sites. Using this information, scientists and engineers can design structures that are stronger, safer, and longer-lasting. It is a must-have for any scientist, engineer, or student working in or researching seismic loads and constructions with a view toward withstanding seismic activity.
The Influence Of Earthquake Ground Motion On Wind Turbine Loads
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Author : Himanshu Arora
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
The Influence Of Earthquake Ground Motion On Wind Turbine Loads written by Himanshu Arora and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
The design of wind turbines installed in various regions of the world where earthquakes are likely must take into account loads imposed on the turbine due to ground shaking. Currently, design standards such as the International Electrotechnical Commission's standard, IEC 61400-1, do not provide detailed guidelines for assessing loads on wind turbines due to seismic input excitation. In regions of high seismic hazard, it is extremely important to perform a thorough seismic analysis. Various simplified and full-system wind turbine models have been published and used for seismic analysis of turbine loads in recent years. Among these models, the open-source software, FAST, allows for full-system simulation of the response of wind turbines subjected to earthquake ground motion along with other sources of loading such as from the mean wind field and turbulence. This study employs this open-source software to simulate seismic loads and presents statistical and spectral summaries resulting from extensive analyses undertaken by simulating turbine response to various input motions from Western U.S. earthquakes. A total of 150 different earthquake ground motion records with varying magnitude and distance from fault rupture are selected and normalized/scaled to selected target levels prior to response simulation using a utility-scale 5-MW wind turbine model. The records selected are divided into six groups of 25 records each; the groups consist of different magnitude and distance-to-rupture values. The records in each bin are scaled to have similar demand levels as the average of the demand of the unscaled records in that bin. Two different normalization options are considered -- in one, the scaling is at the rotor rotation rate (or the once-per-rev or 1P frequency); in the other, the scaling is done at the tower fore-aft first mode frequency. A study of various turbine load measures is conducted. It is found that turbine tower loads, in particular, are especially influenced by the earthquake excitation.
Fast Simulation Of Seismic Wind Turbine Response
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Fast Simulation Of Seismic Wind Turbine Response written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
This paper discusses recent additions to the computer simulation code FAST that allow a user to consider seismic loads.
Dynamic Response Of Structures To Wind And Earthquake Loading
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Author : Phillip L. Gould
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 1980
Dynamic Response Of Structures To Wind And Earthquake Loading written by Phillip L. Gould and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with Buildings categories.
Rapid Visual Screening Of Buildings For Potential Seismic Hazards A Handbook
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Author : Federal Emergency Management Agency
language : en
Publisher: FEMA
Release Date : 1988
Rapid Visual Screening Of Buildings For Potential Seismic Hazards A Handbook written by Federal Emergency Management Agency and has been published by FEMA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with categories.