Selective Growth Of Carbon Nanotubes And Oxide Nanowires
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Selective Growth Of Carbon Nanotubes And Oxide Nanowires
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Author : Nitin Chopra
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Selective Growth Of Carbon Nanotubes And Oxide Nanowires written by Nitin Chopra and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with categories.
Fundamental Studies On Growth Interface Development And Surface Of Complex Architectures Combining Oxides Nanostructures Noble Metal Nanoparticles And Carbon Nanotubes
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Author : Wenwu Shi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Fundamental Studies On Growth Interface Development And Surface Of Complex Architectures Combining Oxides Nanostructures Noble Metal Nanoparticles And Carbon Nanotubes written by Wenwu Shi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Electronic dissertations categories.
Nanoscale architectures/heterostructures integrated with multiple functional components with controlled morphology, interface, and phase purity hold great potential for fabrication of photocatalysts with high efficiency, stimuli-responsive drug delivery system, and sensitive and selective chemical/biological sensor. The most urgent tasks are fundamental studies on growth, interface development, and surface of different types of heterostructures. This comprehensive knowledge could directly contribute to rational selection of building components and design of heterostructures with improved properties and/or multifunctionality. In this dissertation, we selected three types of heterostructures: copper oxide (CuO) - cobalt oxide (Co3O4), carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-noble metal nanoparticles, and zinc oxide (ZnO)-noble metal nanoparticles-graphene. Growth mechanisms, interfacial development and interaction, as well as surface chemistry of three systems were studied. Their applications in different directions were also evaluated. In chapters 2 and 3, oxides heterostructures based on CuO nanowires were grown from direct oxidation of copper substrate decorated/coated with Co3O4 using surfactant-free methods. Aligned CuO nanowires were coated with cobalt nitrate and then annealed at high temperature. Tuning of annealing conditions (temperature, duration, and atmosphere) could lead to Co3O4 nanoparticles with controlled distribution density and morphologies on CuO nanowires. Alternative complete dry method combining scalable sputtering of cobalt and annealing of core-shell nanowires was also demonstrated. Effect of sputtering duration on the morphologies and thickness of cobalt shell, mechanical properties of core-shell nanowires, and photocatalytic activity of annealed nanowires were studied. For both methods, heterostructures combined with CuO and Co3O4 showed enhanced photodegradation activity under a low power lamp with visible light illumination. This is mainly due to the improved charge separation at the interface. In chapters 4 and 5, growth of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by chemical vapor deposition were optimized through an efficient statistic method (Taguchi method). Several important parameters with multiple levels were considered to achieve an optimal condition. Ternary plots incorporating three most important parameters for different catalysts were attained, which provide direct information on effects of each parameter on the final quality of CNTs. The as-prepared CNTs were decorated with noble metal nanoparticles by a direct nucleation method, and then incorporated inside a temperature sensitive hydrogel, poly N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAAm). Due to the plasmonic properties of noble metal nanoparticles and good thermal conductivity of carbon nanotubes, nanocomposite hydrogel appeared to be light sensitive and hold potential for stimuli-response releasing. Model molecules (methyl orange, MO and methylene blue, MO) were loaded on nanocomposite hydrogel and released in controllable and programmable manner stimulated by both temperature and visible light. In chapters 6 to 8, mechanism of simultaneous growth of ZnO nanowires of Zn nanostructures was firstly studied. ZnO nanowires were decorated with noble metal nanoparticles (Au, Pt, and Pd) with tunable distribution density to form nanowire-nanoparticles heterostructures and utilized for surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The sensitivity of SERS could also be improved by adjusting distance of adjacent ZnO nanowires decorated with gold nanoparticles by shrinking of a polymer substrate induced by local laser. In order to improve the selectivity of SERS, growth mechanism of graphene on plasma oxidized gold nanoparticles was fundamentally studied. The same condition was applied to grow tubular graphene shell embedded with noble nanoparticles by using nanowire-nanoparticles as a sacrificial template. Acid treatment was used to remove amorphous carbon from tubular structures and introduce extra carboxyl functional groups for specific linking and sensing. A proof-of-concept experiment was performed by linking biotin with graphene surface and then conjugating with streptavidin. Both fluorescence and Raman spectroscopies confirmed the successful linking, which suggests this could be further utilized for fabrication of sensitive and selective chemical/biological sensor.
Synthesis And Mechanistic Study Of Carbon Nanotubes And Tungsten Oxide Nanowires By Chemical Vapor Deposition Methods
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Author : Hang Qi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Synthesis And Mechanistic Study Of Carbon Nanotubes And Tungsten Oxide Nanowires By Chemical Vapor Deposition Methods written by Hang Qi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Chemical vapor deposition categories.
Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a versatile method for material preparation. Materials from films to nanostructures can be obtained by tuning the parameters of the CVD method. In the field of one-dimensional nanostructures, CVD is the most extensively employed method. This dissertation is focused on the synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and tungsten oxide nanowires by the CVD method as well as the growth mechanism of these two kinds of one-dimensional materials. The first part of this dissertation focuses on CNTs. After an introduction to CNTs, the synthesis of bulk CNTs with high purity is explored. In chapter 2, the synthesis of few-walled carbon nanotubes (FWNTs) with ethanol as carbon source is explored. It is proved that addition of methanol to ethanol increases the purity of raw FWNT materials. Methanol acts as "carbonaceous impurities remover" to remove impurities deposited on the MgO support and also hinders the formation of such impurities during FWNTs growth. In Chapter 3, the synthesis of double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs) with high purity and small size distribution using FeSi2 as catalyst is described. In FeSi2, iron is dispersed at atomic scale, and thus it is possible to provide uniform iron particles for CNT growth. In chapter 4, a two-stage model for the growth of SWNTs is proposed, which may explain the low yield of SWNT growth in some early results. In this model, growth of SWNTs is divided into two stages, nucleation and growth. These two stages need different carbon feeding rates. To obtain a high yield of SWNTs, different carbon feeding gases should be applied to different stages. In chapter 5, a small amount of Zn is reported to increase the yield of SWNTs grown on SiO2/Si wafers. This phenomenon is abnormal and can not be explained with general accepted CNT growth mechanism. More effort is needed to elucidate the mechanism of high SWNT yield obtained under assist of Zn. The second part of this dissertation is focused on tungsten oxide nanowires. Potassium doped tungsten oxide and a tungsten bronze nanowires were synthesized with a simple CVD system on tungsten plate. A vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) mechanism is employed to explain the growth of these two kinds of nanowires.
Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes
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Author : Yan Li
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-05-16
Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes written by Yan Li and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-16 with Science categories.
The series Topics in Current Chemistry Collections presents critical reviews from the journal Topics in Current Chemistry organized in topical volumes. The scope of coverage is all areas of chemical science including the interfaces with related disciplines such as biology, medicine and materials science. The goal of each thematic volume is to give the non-specialist reader, whether in academia or industry, a comprehensive insight into an area where new research is emerging which is of interest to a larger scientific audience. Each review within the volume critically surveys one aspect of that topic and places it within the context of the volume as a whole. The most significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years are presented using selected examples to illustrate the principles discussed. The coverage is not intended to be an exhaustive summary of the field or include large quantities of data, but should rather be conceptual, concentrating on the methodological thinking that will allow the non-specialist reader to understand the information presented. Contributions also offer an outlook on potential future developments in the field.
Synthesis And Mechanistic Study Of Carbon Nanotubes And Tungsten Oxide Nanowires By Chemical Vapor Deposition Methods
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Synthesis And Mechanistic Study Of Carbon Nanotubes And Tungsten Oxide Nanowires By Chemical Vapor Deposition Methods written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.
Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a versatile method for material preparation. Materials from films to nanostructures can be obtained by tuning the parameters of the CVD method. In the field of one-dimensional nanostructures, CVD is the most extensively employed method. This dissertation is focused on the synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and tungsten oxide nanowires by the CVD method as well as the growth mechanism of these two kinds of one-dimensional materials. The first part of this dissertation focuses on CNTs. After an introduction to CNTs, the synthesis of bulk CNTs with high purity is explored. In chapter 2, the synthesis of few-walled carbon nanotubes (FWNTs) with ethanol as carbon source is explored. It is proved that addition of methanol to ethanol increases the purity of raw FWNT materials. Methanol acts as "carbonaceous impurities remover" to remove impurities deposited on the MgO support and also hinders the formation of such impurities during FWNTs growth. In Chapter 3, the synthesis of double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs) with high purity and small size distribution using FeSi2 as catalyst is described. In FeSi2, iron is dispersed at atomic scale, and thus it is possible to provide uniform iron particles for CNT growth. In chapter 4, a two-stage model for the growth of SWNTs is proposed, which may explain the low yield of SWNT growth in some early results. In this model, growth of SWNTs is divided into two stages, nucleation and growth. These two stages need different carbon feeding rates. To obtain a high yield of SWNTs, different carbon feeding gases should be applied to different stages. In chapter 5, a small amount of Zn is reported to increase the yield of SWNTs grown on SiO2/Si wafers. This phenomenon is abnormal and can not be explained with general accepted CNT growth mechanism. More effort is needed to elucidate the mechanism of high SWNT yield obtained under assist of Zn. The second part of this dissertation is focused on tungsten oxid.
Growth Of Carbon Nanotubes And Semiconductor Nanowires On Silicon By Chemical Vapor Deposition
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Author : Ki-Hong Lee
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Growth Of Carbon Nanotubes And Semiconductor Nanowires On Silicon By Chemical Vapor Deposition written by Ki-Hong Lee and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with categories.
Selective Growth Of Carbon Nanotubes Via Photo Thermal Chemical Vapour Deposition
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Author : Jeng Shiung Chen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Selective Growth Of Carbon Nanotubes Via Photo Thermal Chemical Vapour Deposition written by Jeng Shiung Chen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Selective Growth Of Carbon Nanotubes And Their Application To Transparent Conductive Plastic Sheets And Optical Filters
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Author : Yusuke Taki
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Selective Growth Of Carbon Nanotubes And Their Application To Transparent Conductive Plastic Sheets And Optical Filters written by Yusuke Taki and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
Investigating Flame Based Synthesis Of Carbon Nanotubes And Metal Oxide Nanowires
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Author : Fusheng Xu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Investigating Flame Based Synthesis Of Carbon Nanotubes And Metal Oxide Nanowires written by Fusheng Xu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Nanotubes categories.
The synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and metal-oxide nanowires (e.g. ZnO, WO2.9) are examined experimentally by inserting probes into various flame geometries at atmospheric pressure. The main probed-flame configurations are the inverse co-flow diffusion flame (IDF) and the counter-flow diffusion flame (CDF), which are compared with each other to assess the translatability of local synthesis conditions in producing the same growth attributes and morphologies. The CDF is characterized using laser-based spontaneous Raman spectroscopy (SRS), and validated with simulations using detailed chemical kinetics and transport. SRS is used to measure local conditions in the 2-D axi-symmetric IDF. Properties of the as-synthesized nanostructures are determined by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS), and resonance Raman spectroscopy (RRS). Various morphologies of CNTs are grown catalytically on metal-alloy substrates of different compositions (i.e., Fe, Fe/Cr, Ni/Cu, Ni/Ti, Ni/Cr, Ni/Cr/Fe), as well as on metal-oxide solid solutions (i.e. NiAl2O4, CoAl2O4 and ZnFe2O4). Vertically well-aligned multi-walled CNTs (MWNTs) with uniform diameters are obtained from Ni/Cr/Fe and Ni/Ti alloys. CNTs produced from ZnFe2O4 substrates are found to be a mixture of MWNTs and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with at least 30% SWNTs by number. Effects of local gas-phase temperature, substrate temperature, carbon-based precursor species concentrations, and substrate voltage bias on CNT formation, diameter, growth rate, yield, density, and morphology are investigated. Aligned single-crystal tungsten oxide nanowires with diameters of 20-50nm are grown directly from tungsten substrates at high rates, with local gas-phase temperature and chemical species specified at the substrate for self-synthesis. Voltage bias is shown to dramatically alter the morphologies of the as-synthesized WOx nanomaterial. Single-crystalline ZnO nanowires are grown directly on zinc-plated steel substrates at high rates with no catalysts. Larger-diameter (>100nm) nanowires are produced at higher temperatures; while smaller-diameter (25-40nm) nanowires are produced at lower temperatures, and only on the fuel side of the reaction zone. Reactions with H2O appear to be the dominant route for nanowire synthesis. Nanoribbons and other nanowire-based morphologies are also found and discussed.
Nanotubes And Nanowires
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Author : C N Ram Rao
language : en
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
Release Date : 2015-10-09
Nanotubes And Nanowires written by C N Ram Rao and has been published by Royal Society of Chemistry this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-09 with Science categories.
Research and literature on nanomaterials has exploded in volume in recent years. Nanotubes (both of carbon and inorganic materials) can be made in a variety of ways, and they demonstrate a wide range of interesting properties. Many of these properties, such as high mechanical strength and interesting electronic properties relate directly to potential applications. Nanowires have been made from a vast array of inorganic materials and provide great scope for further research into their properties and possible applications. This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date survey of the research areas of carbon nanotubes, inorganic nanotubes and nanowires including: synthesis; characterisation; properties; applications Nanotubes and Nanowires includes an extensive list of references and is ideal both for graduates needing an introduction to the field of nanomaterials as well as for professionals and researchers in academia and industry.