Self Enforcing Trade
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Self Enforcing Trade
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Author : Chad P. Bown
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 2010-02-01
Self Enforcing Trade written by Chad P. Bown and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-02-01 with Political Science categories.
The World Trade Organization—backbone of today's international commercial relations—requires member countries to self-enforce exporters' access to foreign markets. Its dispute settlement system is the crown jewel of the international trading system, but its benefits still fall disproportionately to wealthy nations. Could the system be doing more on behalf of developing countries? In Self-Enforcing Trade, Chad P. Bown explains why the answer is an emphatic "yes." Bown argues that as poor countries look to the benefits promised by globalization as part of their overall development strategy, they increasingly require access to the WTO dispute settlement process to protect their trading interests. Unfortunately, the practical realities of WTO dispute settlement as it currently stands create a number of hurdles that prevent developing countries from enjoying the trading system's full benefits. This book confronts these challenges. Self-Enforcing Trade examines the WTO's "extended litigation process," highlighting the tangle of international economics, law, and politics that participants must master. He identifies the costs that prevent developing countries from disentangling the self-enforcement process and fully using the WTO system as part of their growth strategies. Bown assesses recent efforts to help developing countries overcome those costs, including the role of the Advisory Centre on WTO Law and development focused NGOs. Bown's proposed Institute for Assessing WTO Commitments tackles the largest remaining obstacle currently limiting developing country engagement in the WTO's selfenforcement process—a problematic lack of information, monitoring, and surveillance.
Self Enforcing Trade Agreements
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Author : Chad P. Bown
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Self Enforcing Trade Agreements written by Chad P. Bown and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
This paper estimates a model of a government making trade policy adjustments under a self-enforcing trade agreement in the presence of economic shocks. The empirical model is motivated by the formal theories of cooperative trade agreements. The authors find evidence that United States' use of its antidumping policy during 1997-2006 is consistent with increases in time-varying "cooperative" tariffs, where the likelihood of antidumping is increasing in the size of unexpected import surges, decreasing in the volatility of imports, and decreasing in the elasticities of import demand and export supply. The analysis finds additional support for the theory that some US antidumping use is consistent with cooperative behavior through a second empirical examination of how trading partners responded to these new US tariffs. Even after controlling for factors such as the expected cost and benefit to filing a WTO dispute or engaging in antidumping retaliation, the analysis find that trading partners are less likely to challenge such "cooperative" US antidumping tariffs that were imposed under terms-of-trade pressure suggested by the theory.
Self Enforcing Trade Agreements And Private Information
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Author : Kyle Bagwell
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Self Enforcing Trade Agreements And Private Information written by Kyle Bagwell and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Commercial treaties categories.
This paper considers self-enforcing trade agreements among privately informed governments. A trade agreement that uses weak bindings (i.e., maximal tariff levels) is shown to offer advantages relative to a trade agreement that uses strong bindings (i.e., precise tariff levels). Consistent with practice, the theory also predicts that governments sometimes apply tariffs that are strictly below their bound rates. When private information is persistent through time, an enforcement "ratchet effect" is identified: a government reveals that it is "weak," and thus that it is unlikely to retaliate in an effective manner, when it applies a low tariff. This effect suggests that a government with a low type may "pool" at an above-optimal tariff, in order to conceal weakness. It also suggests a new information-based theory of gradualism in trade agreements.
Enforcing International Law
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Author : Math Noortmann
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-04-29
Enforcing International Law written by Math Noortmann and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-29 with Law categories.
Until recently, the fundamental link between two basic concepts in international law, namely the right to self-help and the obligation to settle disputes by peaceful means, has been neglected in doctrine and practice. The main issue is that international law traditionally recognizes the right of states to safeguard their own rights by resorting to countermeasures as well as the obligation to settle their disputes by accepted and recognized diplomatic and judicial procedures. Both concepts are based on their own merits, which are assumed to be valid in contemporary international law. It is the primary purpose of this study to determine which rules and principles govern the relationship between the two concepts. The book's major findings arise from an analysis of scholarly work, supported by examples from five different case studies. Drawing insights from legal as well as political science, it will be a valuable resource for students, academics and policy makers in international law, international relations and related areas.
Self Enforcing Trade Agreements Dispute Settlement And Separation Of Powers
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Author : Kristy Buzard
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Self Enforcing Trade Agreements Dispute Settlement And Separation Of Powers written by Kristy Buzard and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
In an environment where international trade agreements must be enforced via promises of future cooperation, the presence of an import-competing lobby has important implications for optimal punishments, and therefore dispute resolution procedures. When lobbies work to disrupt trade agreements, the optimal punishment must balance two, conflicting objectives. Longer punishments help to enforce cooperation by increasing the government's costs of defecting, but because the lobby prefers the punishment outcome, this also incentivizes lobbying effort and with it political pressure to break the agreement. Thus the model generates new predictions for the design of mechanisms for resolving trade disputes: within the class of Nash-reversion punishments, there is an optimal length for dispute resolutions procedures, and it depends directly on the political influence of the lobbies. Trade agreement tariffs are shown to be increasing in the political influence of the lobbies, as well as their patience levels.
Developing Countries And Enforcement Of Trade Agreements
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Author : Chad P. Bown
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2007
Developing Countries And Enforcement Of Trade Agreements written by Chad P. Bown and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Commercial treaties categories.
The World Trading System Historical And Conceptual Foundations
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Author : Robert Howse
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 1998
The World Trading System Historical And Conceptual Foundations written by Robert Howse and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Business & Economics categories.
Volume 1 = Historical and conceptual foundations ; Volume 2 = Dispute settlement in the world ; Volume 3 = Administered protection ; Volume 4 = The Uruguay round and beyond.
Cooperation And Governance In International Trade
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Author : Beth V. Yarbrough
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2014-07-14
Cooperation And Governance In International Trade written by Beth V. Yarbrough and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-14 with Business & Economics categories.
International trade liberalization historically has taken many organizational forms--unilateral, bilateral, minilateral, and multilateral. Given the proliferation of normative views about which of these should be pursued, economists and political scientists have devoted surprisingly little attention to the reasons for the observed variation in the chosen forms. This book is the first to develop a single theoretical framework to account for past liberalization practices and also to anticipate ongoing changes in the international organization of trade policy. Growing out of a multidisciplinary effort combining economics, politics, organization, and law, the book's strategic organizational approach will interest students of trade, international relations, or institutional arrangements. Central to the strategic organizational approach is the view that organizational variety reflects alternate governance structures used to facilitate and enforce agreements. Among the successes of the approach are explanations of unilateral liberalization by nineteenth-century Britain, U.S. governance of multilateral liberalization under the early postwar GATT, growing use of bilateral governance to limit nontariff trade barriers, and anticipation of major moves toward minilateral governance, such as Europe/1992 and the Canada-U.S. Free-Trade Agreement. Originally published in 1992. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Environment And Statecraft The Strategy Of Environmental Treaty Making
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Author : Scott Barrett
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2003-01-09
Environment And Statecraft The Strategy Of Environmental Treaty Making written by Scott Barrett and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-01-09 with Business & Economics categories.
Environmental problems like global climate change and stratospheric ozone depletion can only be remedied if states cooperate with one another. But sovereign states usually care only about their own interests. So states must somehow restructure the incentives to make cooperation pay. This is what treaties are meant to do. A few treaties, such as the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, succeed. Most, however, fail to alter the state behaviour appreciably. This book develops a theory that explains both the successes and the failures. In particular, the book explains when treaties are needed, why some work better than others, and how treaty design can be improved. The best treaties strategically manipulate the incentives states have to exploit the environment, and the theory developed in this book shows how treaties can do this. The theory integrates a number of disciplines, including economics, political science, international law, negotiation analysis, and game theory. It also offers a coherent and consistent approach. The essential assumption is that treaties be self-enforcing-that is, individually rational, collectively rational, and fair. The book applies the theory to a number of environmental problems. It provides information on more than three hundred treaties, and analyses a number of case studies in detail. These include depletion of the ozone layer, whaling, pollution of the Rhine, acid rain, over-fishing, pollution of the oceans, and global climate change. The essential lesson of the book is that treaties should not just tell countries what to do. Treaties must make it in the interests of countries to behave differently. That is, they must restructure the underlying game. Most importantly, they must create incentives for states to participate in a treaty and for parties to comply.