Sensible Open Source Licenses For Standards Development Organizations
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Sensible Open Source Licenses For Standards Development Organizations
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Author : Michele Herman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Sensible Open Source Licenses For Standards Development Organizations written by Michele Herman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
New technologies such as 5G, IoT, blockchain and many others are implemented as ecosystems with many interoperable products and services designed to communicate seamlessly through a developing web of technical standards. Today's standards are far more software-driven than in the past. As a result, standards development organizations (SDOs) are increasing their use of open source software (OSS) to promote both the rapid development of new standards and the deployment of standards-conformant products and services in the marketplace.Although SDOs have traditionally avoided requiring the use of any specific software code for conformance to its standards, SDOs have relied on OSS communities to develop tools, test suites, and independent implementations to assist implementers in developing products and services utilizing the standard. Today, however, there is a growing movement for SDOs to initiate their own OSS projects so that the standards and open source development efforts can be better integrated.SDOs understandably seek to replicate the benefits of collaborative development associated with OSS projects. In doing so, SDOs are also selecting the most common OSS licenses for the software they develop through these projects, such as the BSD or Apache licenses. These common licenses are ones that have been certified by the Open Source Initiative (OSI) as being compliant with its open source definition (OSD). While OSI does not hold a trademark on the term “open source” nor is it the arbiter of which software is considered OSS, OSI discourages others from referring to software as open source if the applicable software is licensed under a license that does not meet the requirements of the OSD. As OSS has become more commercial, the OSS development community has increasingly formulated OSS licenses that are more tailored to their respective objectives even when those licenses do not satisfy the terms of the OSD. SDOs, however, have not for the most part considered using an OSS license tailored to the intended use of the software being developed nor to their unique goals. Rather, by default, SDOs most often select a common OSI-approved license for their OSS projects.SDOs have long balanced the rights and interests of stakeholders through intellectual property (IP) policies that have permitted their contributors to commit to negotiate licenses for their essential patent claims on reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and conditions (RAND). While all open source licenses are royalty free, they do not require that the OSS be “patent-free” in the sense that no patent licenses would be required for use of the OSS. Nonetheless, OSI advocates that a RAND licensing commitment from a patent holder is incompatible with OSI's approved licenses. Some innovators who have committed to license their essential patent claims on RAND terms have raised concerns about the use of OSI-approved licenses for SDO software projects. These innovators are discouraged from participating in such SDOs' OSS projects because these innovators' business models are not consistent with OSI's requirements for unrestricted royalty free licensing. If an SDO's OSS project becomes fundamental to the way standards are implemented in the marketplace, the lack of participation from these innovators may (i) deprive the community of valuable contributions, and (ii) skew the resulting SDO-approved OSS implementation in a way that is no longer vendor neutral.OSI-approved open source licenses also authorize unrestricted modifications and distribution of the modified software which is antithetical to an SDO's goal of promoting conformant products and services. If the software can be modified without restriction, then it can be modified in ways that fail to conform to the standard, disrupting the market and thwarting widespread adoption of the standard. The vast majority of SDOs restrict recipients of their specifications, the documents which set forth the requirements of the standard, from making any modifications. Similarly, RAND commitments are made with respect to conforming products and services, not non-conforming ones. It is rather inexplicable then that SDOs are selecting OSI- approved open source licenses that are contrary to their goals of conformance, inconsistent with their existing balanced IP policies, and creating tension among stakeholders.This paper, using real world examples, explores some of the business motivations that have led to the common use of OSI-approved licenses in SDO OSS projects and the challenges created by using those licenses. The paper concludes by offering sample licenses that SDOs may consider that will promote their goals, foster consistency across their standards and software development efforts, and reduce IP-related friction among different stakeholder groups.
Bioinformatics Medical Informatics And The Law
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Author : Contreras, Jorge L.
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2022-01-11
Bioinformatics Medical Informatics And The Law written by Contreras, Jorge L. and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-11 with Law categories.
In recent years the field of bioinformatics has emerged from the university research laboratory and entered the mainstream healthcare establishment. During this time there has been a rapid increase of legal developments affecting this dynamic field, from Supreme Court decisions radically altering the patentability of informatics inventions to major developments in privacy law both in Europe and the U.S. This edited book strives to offer the reader insight into some of the major legal trends and considerations applicable to these fields today.
Handbook Of Research On Open Source Software Technological Economic And Social Perspectives
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Author : St.Amant, Kirk
language : en
Publisher: IGI Global
Release Date : 2007-04-30
Handbook Of Research On Open Source Software Technological Economic And Social Perspectives written by St.Amant, Kirk and has been published by IGI Global this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-04-30 with Computers categories.
This handbook of research is one of the few texts to combine Open Source Software (OSS) in public and private sector activities into a single reference source. It examines how the use of OSS affects practices in society, business, government, education, and law.
Patent Challenges For Standard Setting In The Global Economy
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2013-10-07
Patent Challenges For Standard Setting In The Global Economy written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-07 with Political Science categories.
Patent Challenges for Standard-Setting in the Global Economy: Lessons from Information and Communication Technology examines how leading national and multinational standard-setting organizations (SSOs) address patent disclosures, licensing terms, transfers of patent ownership, and other issues that arise in connection with developing technical standards for consumer and other microelectronic products, associated software and components, and communications networks including the Internet. Attempting to balance the interests of patent holders, other participants in standard-setting, standards implementers, and consumers, the report calls on SSOs to develop more explicit policies to avoid patent holdup and royalty-stacking, ensure that licensing commitments carry over to new owners of the patents incorporated in standards, and limit injunctions for infringement of patents with those licensing commitments. The report recommends government measures to increase the transparency of patent ownership and use of standards information to improve patent quality and to reduce conflicts of laws across countries.
Handbook Of Research On Public Information Technology
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Author : Garson, G. David
language : en
Publisher: IGI Global
Release Date : 2008-01-31
Handbook Of Research On Public Information Technology written by Garson, G. David and has been published by IGI Global this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-01-31 with Computers categories.
"This book compiles estimable research on the global trend toward the rapidly increasing use of information technology in the public sector, discussing such issues as e-government and e-commerce; project management and information technology evaluation; system design and data processing; security and protection; and privacy, access, and ethics of public information technology"--Provided by publisher.
Next Gen Library Redesign
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Author : Michael Lascarides
language : en
Publisher: American Library Association
Release Date : 2012
Next Gen Library Redesign written by Michael Lascarides and has been published by American Library Association this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Computers categories.
This concise guide will help you choose and implement the techniques and best practices used by today's forward-thinking libraries to create the best possible patron experiences.
Innovation Through Research And Development
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Author : Hamed Taherdoost
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date :
Innovation Through Research And Development written by Hamed Taherdoost and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Co Intelligence
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Author : Ethan Mollick
language : en
Publisher: Random House
Release Date : 2024-04-04
Co Intelligence written by Ethan Mollick and has been published by Random House this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-04-04 with Computers categories.
'Co-Intelligence is the very best book I know about the ins, outs, and ethics of generative AI. Drop everything and read it cover to cover NOW' Angela Duckworth Consumer AI has arrived. And with it, inescapable upheaval as we grapple with what it means for our jobs, lives and the future of humanity. Cutting through the noise of AI evangelists and AI doom-mongers, Wharton professor Ethan Mollick has become one of the most prominent and provocative explainers of AI, focusing on the practical aspects of how these new tools for thought can transform our world. In Co-Intelligence, he urges us to engage with AI as co-worker, co-teacher and coach. Wide ranging, hugely thought-provoking and optimistic, Co-Intelligence reveals the promise and power of this new era.
The Practice Of System And Network Administration
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Author : Thomas A. Limoncelli
language : en
Publisher: Pearson Education
Release Date : 2007-07-05
The Practice Of System And Network Administration written by Thomas A. Limoncelli and has been published by Pearson Education this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-07-05 with Computers categories.
The first edition of The Practice of System and Network Administration introduced a generation of system and network administrators to a modern IT methodology. Whether you use Linux, Unix, or Windows, this newly revised edition describes the essential practices previously handed down only from mentor to protégé. This wonderfully lucid, often funny cornucopia of information introduces beginners to advanced frameworks valuable for their entire career, yet is structured to help even the most advanced experts through difficult projects. The book's four major sections build your knowledge with the foundational elements of system administration. These sections guide you through better techniques for upgrades and change management, catalog best practices for IT services, and explore various management topics. Chapters are divided into The Basics and The Icing. When you get the Basics right it makes every other aspect of the job easier--such as automating the right things first. The Icing sections contain all the powerful things that can be done on top of the basics to wow customers and managers. Inside, you'll find advice on topics such as The key elements your networks and systems need in order to make all other services run better Building and running reliable, scalable services, including web, storage, email, printing, and remote access Creating and enforcing security policies Upgrading multiple hosts at one time without creating havoc Planning for and performing flawless scheduled maintenance windows Managing superior helpdesks and customer care Avoiding the "temporary fix" trap Building data centers that improve server uptime Designing networks for speed and reliability Web scaling and security issues Why building a backup system isn't about backups Monitoring what you have and predicting what you will need How technically oriented workers can maintain their job's technical focus (and avoid an unwanted management role) Technical management issues, including morale, organization building, coaching, and maintaining positive visibility Personal skill techniques, including secrets for getting more done each day, ethical dilemmas, managing your boss, and loving your job System administration salary negotiation It's no wonder the first edition received Usenix SAGE's 2005 Outstanding Achievement Award! This eagerly anticipated second edition updates this time-proven classic: Chapters reordered for easier navigation Thousands of updates and clarifications based on reader feedback Plus three entirely new chapters: Web Services, Data Storage, and Documentation
Organizations And Organizing
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Author : W Richard Scott
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-08-07
Organizations And Organizing written by W Richard Scott and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-08-07 with Social Science categories.
This broad, balanced introduction to organizational studies enables the reader to compare and contrast different approaches to the study of organizations. This book is a valuable tool for the reader, as we are all intertwined with organizations in one form or another. Numerous other disciplines besides sociology are addressed in this book, including economics, political science, strategy and management theory. Topic areas discussed in this book are the importance of organizations; defining organizations; organizations as rational, natural, and open systems; environments, strategies, and structures of organizations; and organizations and society. For those employed in fields where knowledge of organizational theory is necessary, including sociology, anthropology, cognitive psychology, industrial engineering, managers in corporations and international business, and business strategists.