Shadow Education In The Middle East
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Shadow Education In The Middle East
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Author : Mark Bray
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2022-08-08
Shadow Education In The Middle East written by Mark Bray and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-08-08 with Education categories.
This volume offers insights into the role of private supplementary tutoring in the Middle East, and its far-reaching implications for social structures and mainstream education. Around the world, increasing numbers of children receive private tutoring to supplement their schooling. In much of the academic literature this is called shadow education because the content of tutoring commonly mimics that of schooling: as the curriculum changes in the schools, so it changes in the shadow. While much research and policy attention has focused on private tutoring in East Asia and some other world regions, less attention has been given to the topic in the Middle East. Drawing on both Arabic-language and English-language literature, this study commences with the global picture before comparing patterns within and among 12 Arabic-speaking countries of the Middle East. It presents the educational and cultural commonalities amongst these countries, examines the drivers of demand and supply of shadow education, and considers the dynamics of tutoring and how it impacts on education in schools. In addition to its pertinence within the Middle East itself, the book will be of considerable interest to academics and education policy makers broadly concerned with changing roles of the state and private sectors in education. The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.
Shadow Education
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Author : Mark Bray
language : en
Publisher: Asian Development Bank
Release Date : 2012-05-01
Shadow Education written by Mark Bray and has been published by Asian Development Bank this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-05-01 with Education categories.
In all parts of Asia, households devote considerable expenditures to private supplementary tutoring. This tutoring may contribute to students' achievement, but it also maintains and exacerbates social inequalities, diverts resources from other uses, and can contribute to inefficiencies in education systems. Such tutoring is widely called shadow education, because it mimics school systems. As the curriculum in the school system changes, so does the shadow. This study documents the scale and nature of shadow education in different parts of the region. Shadow education has been a major phenomenon in East Asia and it has far-reaching economic and social implications.
Taming The Wild Horse Of Shadow Education
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Author : Wei Zhang
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2023-05-02
Taming The Wild Horse Of Shadow Education written by Wei Zhang and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-05-02 with Education categories.
Zhang analyses the phenomenon of private supplementary tutoring from a global perspective. The expansion of such tutoring alongside schooling is among the striking global shifts since the turn of the century. In many countries over half of the relevant cohorts of children receive private tutoring, with that proportion in some locations exceeding 80%. The sector has far-reaching implications for social inequalities, (in)efficiencies in educational processes, study burdens on students, family finances, innovation, and employment. Yet greatly-needed government regulations have typically been slow to catch up with the phenomenon. Commentary in the volume juxtaposes countries with strong regulations with counterparts having weak regulations. Conceptually, the book considers forces changing the roles of multiple stakeholders, including governments, entrepreneurs, teachers, families and students. A useful read for students and researchers interested in comparative education and governance. The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.
Shadow Education As Worldwide Curriculum Studies
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Author : Young Chun Kim
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-02-21
Shadow Education As Worldwide Curriculum Studies written by Young Chun Kim and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-21 with Education categories.
This book theorizes shadow education as a new component of curriculum, expanding the concept of curriculum to include this type of learning. Curriculum scholars and theorists have largely disregarded shadow education as a valid topic of scholarly attention despite its massive growth worldwide. But shadow education has become a global phenomenon with ever-increasing numbers of student participants; it complements school-based curricula, in many cases going beyond. Thus, Jung and Kim argue that shadow education requires rigorous analysis by curriculum studies scholars. This volume analyzes the state and importance of shadow education in countries around the world: its representative forms and industries (private tutoring institutes, home-visit private tutoring, Internet-based private tutoring, subscribed learning programs, after-school programs), its characteristic forms in terms of curriculum, and its roles in student learning. It also explores various features of shadow education based on an eight-year ethnographic study in South Korea.
Annual Review Of Comparative And International Education 2022
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Author : Alexander W. Wiseman
language : en
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
Release Date : 2023-12-14
Annual Review Of Comparative And International Education 2022 written by Alexander W. Wiseman and has been published by Emerald Group Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-14 with Education categories.
Reflecting on ten prolific years of publication, both volumes of the 2022 Annual Review together present discussions on education trends and directions, conceptual and methodological developments, research-to-practice, area studies and regional developments, and diversification of the field of education.
Privatization In And Of Public Education
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Author : Antonina Santalova
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2024
Privatization In And Of Public Education written by Antonina Santalova and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024 with Education categories.
This book explains how education is becoming more privatized around the world to fit local economic and political needs. Privatization in and of Public Education categorizes different types of privatization as traditional or non-traditional. Traditional policies give more rights to private companies to provide education, while non-traditional policies make public schools more like businesses. The authors show that privatization can lead to more efficient schooling, but it can also create a trade-off between efficiency and equity or inclusion. The book presents a range of perspectives on the impact of privatization, including structural, ethical, and subjective effects. The book also covers a range of countries and regions, including both developed and developing countries. This helps readers understand how privatization is playing out in different contexts around the world.
Theorizing Shadow Education And Academic Success In East Asia
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Author : Young Chun Kim
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2021-07-12
Theorizing Shadow Education And Academic Success In East Asia written by Young Chun Kim and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-12 with Education categories.
This volume tackles perceived myths surrounding the academic excellence of East Asian students, and moves beyond Western understanding to offer in-depth analysis of the crucial role that shadow education plays in students’ academic success. Featuring a broad range of contributions from countries including Japan, China, Taiwan, and Singapore, chapters draw on rich qualitative research to place in the foreground the lived experiences of students, teachers, and parents in East Asian countries. In doing so, the text provides indigenous insights into the uses, values, and meanings of shadow education and highlights unknown cultural and regional aspects, as well as related phenomena including trans-boundary learning culture, nomadic learning, individualized learning, and the post-schooling era. Ultimately challenging the previously dominating Western perspective on shadow education, the volume offers innovative theorization to highlight shadow education as a phenomenon which cannot be overlooked in broader discussion of East Asian educational performance, systems, and policy. Offering pioneering insights into the growing phenomenon of shadow education, this text will benefit researchers, academics, and educators with an interest in international and comparative education, curriculum studies, and East Asian educational practices and policy. Those interested in the sociology of education and educational policy will also benefit from this book.
Demand For Private Supplementary Tutoring In China
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Author : Junyan Liu
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-05-29
Demand For Private Supplementary Tutoring In China written by Junyan Liu and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-05-29 with Education categories.
This book combines the ideologies of parentocracy and consumer theory as theoretical lenses to view the private supplementary tutoring, also known as shadow education, with a focus on the demand at primary and lower secondary levels in China. It first explains parents’ motivations of seeking private tutoring and their decision-making dynamics, and then explores the evolving micro-level process of demand that has changed over time. It further investigates how demand for private tutoring varies across parental socioeconomic status. This book also discusses parents’ attitudes towards the Double Reduction policy and corresponding changes in their demand for tutoring. It concludes with some implications for regulating private tutoring and for improving school education. This book has pertinence in other countries as well as in China. Unpacking the demand for tutoring improves understanding of the global expansion and changing shapes of the phenomenon. Researchers, educational policy-makers, teachers, tutors, consultants, and other educational practitioners interested in the topic of private tutoring will find this work thought-provoking, instructive and informative.
Confronting The Shadow Education System
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Author : Mark Bray
language : en
Publisher: United Nations Educational, Scientific & Cultural Organization
Release Date : 2009
Confronting The Shadow Education System written by Mark Bray and has been published by United Nations Educational, Scientific & Cultural Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Education categories.
This book focuses on the so-called shadow education system of private supplementary tutoring. In parts of East Asia it has long existed on a large scale and it is now becoming increasingly evident in other parts of Asia and in Africa, Europe and North America. Pupils commonly receive fee-free education in public schools and then at the end of the day and/or during week-ends and vacations supplementary tutoring in the same subjects on a fee-paying basis.Supplementary private tutoring can have positive dimensions. It helps students to cover the curriculum, provides a structured occupation for pupils outside school hours, and provides incomes for the tutors. However, tutoring may also have negative dimensions. If left to market forces, tutoring is likely to maintain and increase social inequalities, and it can create excessive pressure for young people who have inadequate time for non-academic activities. Especially problematic are situations in which school teachers provide extra tutoring in exchange for fees from their regular pupils.This book begins by surveying the scale, nature and implications of the shadow education system in a range of settings. It then identifies possible government responses to the phenomenon and encourages a proactive approach to designing appropriate policies.
International Handbook On Education Development In The Asia Pacific
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Author : Wing On Lee
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-11-20
International Handbook On Education Development In The Asia Pacific written by Wing On Lee and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-11-20 with Education categories.
The Springer International Handbook of Educational Development in Asia Pacific breaks new ground with a comprehensive, fine-grained and diverse perspective on research and education development throughout the Asia Pacific region. In 13 sections and 127 chapters, the Handbook delves into a wide spectrum of contemporary topics including educational equity and quality, language education, learning and human development, workplace learning, teacher education and professionalization, higher education organisations, citizenship and moral education, and high performing education systems. The Handbook is grounded in specific Asia Pacific contexts and scholarly traditions, using unique country-specific narratives, for example, Vietnam and Melanesia, and socio-cultural investigations through lenses such as language identity or colonisation, while offering parallel academic discourse and analyses framed by broader policy commentary from around the world.