Shivering Thermogenesis In Birds
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Shivering Thermogenesis In Birds
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Author : Esa Hohtola
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1982
Shivering Thermogenesis In Birds written by Esa Hohtola and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1982 with Animal heat categories.
The mechanism, control, evolution and electromyographic correlates.
Cold Tolerance And Temperature Regulation In Birds
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Author : Raimo Hissa
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Cold Tolerance And Temperature Regulation In Birds written by Raimo Hissa and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with categories.
Reviews the research done on the mechanisms for heat production in birds. Focuses on the questions: do birds have the ability to generate heat as do mammals by stimulating non-shivering thermogenesis? Do birds have brown adipose tissue? Does noradrenaline stimulate heat production in birds as in cold-adapted mammal? Inconclusive results lead to further questions. Translated from Finnish.
Physiology Of Cold Adaptation In Birds
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Author : Claus Bech
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-11-14
Physiology Of Cold Adaptation In Birds written by Claus Bech and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-11-14 with Science categories.
Workshop held June 1988. Thirty-nine contributions treat the central mechanisms of thermoregulation, heat production, metabolic adaptations, respiration and circulation, physiology of hypometabolism, breeding and incubation, and adaptations to cold in chicks. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc. Portland, Or.
Thermoregulation Of Acclimated Leghorn Males In A Cold Environment
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Author : Mohamed El-Sayed El-Halawani
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1969
Thermoregulation Of Acclimated Leghorn Males In A Cold Environment written by Mohamed El-Sayed El-Halawani and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1969 with Dissertations, Academic categories.
Temperature Regulation In Mammals And Other Vertebrates
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Author : J. Bligh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1973
Temperature Regulation In Mammals And Other Vertebrates written by J. Bligh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1973 with Nature categories.
A comprehensive analysis of the evolutionary progression and the physiology of temperature regulation in vertebrates.
Life In The Cold
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Author : Cynthia Carey
language : en
Publisher: Westview Press
Release Date : 1993-08-19
Life In The Cold written by Cynthia Carey and has been published by Westview Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993-08-19 with Science categories.
The contributors to this book present the newest information on ecological, physiological, neurological, cellular, and biochemical mechanisms by which vertebrates deal with seasonal cold. Most chapters focus on hibernation of eutherian and prototherian mammals; others examine hypothermia in birds, avian energetics in cold climates, avian shivering thermogenesis, and mechanisms by which frogs deal with freezing. In addition, proponents of differing views offer brief opinions on controversial issues such as whether nonshivering thermogenesis exists in birds, the nature of the mechanism of metabolic suppression during entry to hibernation, and the reason for periodic arousals of hibernators. The interdisciplinary approach of the book is highlighted by chapters on the molecular biology, histology, physiology, and genetics of this unique subject. Because most chapters contain original data rather than literature reviews, the discussions provide the most up-to-date information in these fields, none of which has been published elsewhere. The volume will be of interest to graduate students and professional biologists in a number of disciplines.
A Study Of Shivering And Non Shivering Thermogenesis In The Rat
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Author : William John Loudon Cable
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1970
A Study Of Shivering And Non Shivering Thermogenesis In The Rat written by William John Loudon Cable and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1970 with Adaptation (Biology) categories.
The Evolution Of Endothermy From Patterns To Mechanisms
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Author : Elias T. Polymeropoulos
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2018-09-14
The Evolution Of Endothermy From Patterns To Mechanisms written by Elias T. Polymeropoulos and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-14 with categories.
Metabolic rate is a key ecophysiological factor determining fitness, distribution, survival and reproductive strategies of organisms. The ability to endogenously produce heat and elevate body temperature beyond ambient, has far reaching ecological implications. The diversity of thermogenic mechanisms and strategies employed throughout the animal kingdom is truly phenomenal and one of the greatest biological mysteries. Interestingly, even heat producing plants have been characterised. Over the last several decades, the oversimplified distinction between warm- and cold blooded animals has well and truly been put to rest and the terms “endo- and ectotherm” have been established. Birds and mammals are regarded as endotherms, capable of maintaining high body temperatures within highly precise boundaries. On contrary, in ectothermic organisms ambient temperature governs body temperature and metabolism, encompassing the majority of present day species. However, it has recently become very clear that this distinction is still not accurate enough to describe the vastness of heat generating mechanisms within endo- but also ectotherms. Indeed, a plethora of ectothermic animals display endogenous as well as behavioural means of temperature control and mechanisms for heat generation. There is large diversity in regards to thermoregulatory ability and strategy within endotherms as well, with some groups being classified by separate categories such as basoendotherms and mesotherms. Considerable interest and efforts has been put into the quest to understand the underlying physiological mechanisms leading and facilitating high metabolic rates and body temperatures of endotherms. These mechanisms are far from being exhaustively studied and the evolutionary trajectory leading to high metabolic rates and stable body temperatures is equally, vividly debated. This discussion includes an array of questions and theories surrounding the presence of endothermy in extinct dinosaurs. In addition, a lively debate surrounds the evolutionary drivers promoting the establishment of endothermy with clear support of direct or indirect selective benefits. Within this Research Topic we plan to compile the latest ideas, knowledge and experimental work to elucidate the patterns of the evolution of endothermy and its transition/distinction from ectothermy. The focus is on key physiological mechanisms supporting this transition and contributing to the maintenance of high metabolic rates and body temperature in endotherms, as well as mechanisms for local heterothermy and heat dissipation in ectotherms. These mechanisms and conclusions may be derived from different levels of organisation such as population, taxon, species as well as tissue, cellular or molecular levels. It may also encompass novel experimental or theoretical models testing evolutionary theories of endothermy. A comparative approach is encouraged but not fundamental.
Avian Growth And Development
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Author : J. Matthias Starck
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 1998
Avian Growth And Development written by J. Matthias Starck and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Nature categories.
This is the first re-appraisal in 50 years of concepts of development made in birds. This book is a case study in evolutionary diversification of life histories. Although birds have a rather uniform body plan and physiology, they exhibit marked variation in development type, parental care, and rate of growth. Altricial birds are fully dependent on their parents for warmth and nutrition and begin posthatching life in a more or less embryonic condition. At the other extreme, such superprecocial species as the megapodes are independent of all parental care from hatching, and the neonate, able to fly, resembles an adult bird. This book thus attempts to present an integrative perspective of organism biology, ecology, and evolution.
Seasonal Thermoregulation In The Dark Eyed Junco Passeriformes Junco Hyemalis
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Author : David Leslie Swanson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
Seasonal Thermoregulation In The Dark Eyed Junco Passeriformes Junco Hyemalis written by David Leslie Swanson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Body temperature categories.
Winters in north-temperate climates impose high thermogenic demands upon small birds which are met by seasonal acclimatization. This thesis investigates the extent and mechanisms of seasonal acclimatization in darkeyed juncos (Junco hyemalis) inhabiting western Oregon. Although insulation is significantly increased in winter, acclimatization is primarily metabolic. Increased metabolism is required to offset heat loss even at moderate temperatures at both seasons. At average daily temperatures, thermoregulation in January requires 1.8 times the energy expended for thermoregulation in July and August. Standard metabolic rate (SMR) is significantly elevated in winter (3.45 mL02[gXhr]−1) compared to summer (3.16 mL02[gXhr]−1), suggesting elevated metabolic capacities. Furthermore, winter birds, but not summer birds, were capable of modifying thermal conductance at low temperatures, allowing additional heat conservation. Helium/oxygen cold stress demonstrated that cold tolerance was improved in winter juncos relative to summer birds. Maximal thermogenic capacity also increased significantly in winter birds (7.39 mLO2 /min to 5.78 m102/min). These values exceed SMR by 7.2 times in winter and 6.6 times in summer. Oxygen dissociation curves were generated on whole blood by saponin/potassium ferricyanide dissociation and were similar to those for other passerines. The curves did not vary significantly between summer and winter (P50 = 54 torr). Hematocrit and oxygen carrying capacity were significantly increased in winter. Apparently increased oxygen demands in winter juncos are met, in part, by increased oxygen carrying capacity, but not by decreased oxygen affinity. Plasma and tissue metabolites were assayed after differing levels of cold stress to analyze seasonal variation in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Pectoralis muscle glycogen was significantly greater after severe cold stress in winter, although thermoneutral levels did not vary significantly. Furthermore, plasma levels of free fatty acids were significantly increased and plasma glucose was significantly decreased under severe cold. These data suggest reduced reliance upon carbohydrate for shivering thermogenesis in winter juncos and subsequent preservation of muscle glycogen stores. This may contribute to enhanced shivering endurance and cold tolerance in winter birds.