Sin Tax Reform In The Philippines
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Sin Tax Reform In The Philippines
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Author : Kai Kaiser
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2016-07-14
Sin Tax Reform In The Philippines written by Kai Kaiser and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-14 with Medical categories.
Excise taxes on tobacco and alcohol products can be an effective instrument for promoting public health through the curbing of smoking and excessive drinking, while raising significant financing for development priorities. Designed and implement well, excise taxes represent a win-win for public health and finances. While the public policy rationale for excise reforms is strong in both developed and developing countries, realizing reforms in practice often faces significant opposition by the industry and vested interests. Low level, complex and poorly designed excise tax regimes persist. Getting the technical details right, and effectively managing the political economy of reforms, are vital to securing better excise tax outcomes. The Philippines passed in 2012, implemented, and has been results monitoring a successful tobacco and alcohol tax, dubbed Sin Tax. The reform not only greatly increased, simplified and improved the excise tax reform, but also earmarked the significant part of the large ensuring incremental revenues to helping finance Universal Health Care (UHC) for the bottom forty percent of the population. Sin Tax Reform in the Philippines summarizes both the technical and political economy aspects of tobacco and excise tax reforms. The study analyzes issues of rate structure and levels, implementation phasing, and equity impact analysis. The book is intended as a resource for audiences in both the Philippines and other countries wishing to promote successful excise tax reforms to towards between public sector governance, finances and health. For the Philippines, it highlights measures to ensure that the revenue and expenditure measures associated with the reform continue to be delivered, and can be deepened over time. The Philippines experience should prove encouraging and useful for reform champions in other countries advancing similar types of excise tax and development financing/expenditure earmarking for equitable development and public health.
Tax Reforms Toward Fiscal Consolidation
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Author : Norio Usui
language : en
Publisher: Asian Development Bank
Release Date : 2011-09-01
Tax Reforms Toward Fiscal Consolidation written by Norio Usui and has been published by Asian Development Bank this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-09-01 with Law categories.
This policy note assesses tax administration measures and tax rate adjustments, two options for the Philippines' fiscal consolidation in terms of their efficiency for revenue mobilization and impacts on tax equity. Its key findings are: 1) a policy mix of a higher value-added tax and a lower corporate income tax will make the overall tax system more regressive, even if its impact on tax revenue is neutral; 2) the country's tax productivity is much lower than those of its peers in the region, which signals the presence of significant tax loopholes and weak tax administration; and, 3) there is ample room to increase excise taxes on tobacco, alcoholic products, and gasoline, without ruining the equity of the tax system. These suggest that tax administration remains a key focus of efforts for the new administration.
Thinking And Working Politically In Development
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Author : John Thayer Sidel
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Thinking And Working Politically In Development written by John Thayer Sidel and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
Uneven Odds Unequal Outcomes
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Author : Nandini Krishnan
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2016-06-28
Uneven Odds Unequal Outcomes written by Nandini Krishnan and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-28 with Social Science categories.
Perceptions of eroding living standards and low life satisfaction are widespread in the Middle East and North Africa region today, along with pessimism about prospects for economic mobility. Conventional measures of economic well-being offer little in the way of explanation †“ in most countries in the region, extreme poverty is low and declining and economic inequality is lower than in other parts of the world. This book investigates possible reasons for this disconnect, focusing on the role played by inadequate and unequal access to opportunities to realize one’s aspirations for economic mobility. The inability of most countries in the region to meet the aspirations of citizens is closely linked to persistent weaknesses in the labor markets where the pace of job creation has been chronically below levels required to absorb the growing and increasingly better educated population. A high degree of segmentation in the labor markets also puts the youth and women in the region at a particular disadvantage. While labor markets are critical for mobility, opportunities and life paths can diverge even earlier in life if access to basic services in health, education and infrastructure are unequally distributed among children in their formative years. This book documents sharp disparities in the quality of services available to children of varying birth circumstances in the region. Although the most intense debates in development coalesce around inequality of income or wealth, the notion of inequality of opportunity has an intuitive appeal that can bridge ideological differences. By drawing attention to the notion of equality of opportunity to create a level playing field for all sections of society, the book highlights the need to critically examine the social contract and governance structures that guide the delivery of services and are instrumental for implementing necessary reforms to make labor markets more dynamic and equitable.
Who Technical Manual On Tobacco Tax Administration
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Author : World Health Organization
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2010
Who Technical Manual On Tobacco Tax Administration written by World Health Organization and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Law categories.
Tobacco use is the single largest cause of preventable death globally, killing more than five million people each year. Tobacco use also creates considerable economic costs, from greater spending on health care to treat the diseases it brings on in users and those exposed to tobacco smoke to the lost productivity resulting from the premature deaths it causes. Of all the many interventions for reducing tobacco use, a significant increase in tobacco product taxes and prices has been demonstrated to be the single most effective and cost-effective intervention, particularly among the poor and the young. At the same time, because of the inelasticity of demand for tobacco products in most countries and the low share of tax in price in many, significant increases in tobacco taxes generate significant increases in the revenues generated by these taxes. This technical manual aims to help governments achieve both objectives by identifying a set of "best practices" for tobacco taxation. It documents governments' existing approaches to tobacco taxation, discusses barriers to using tobacco taxes to achieve health and revenue objectives, and provides case studies of effective tobacco tax administration. This manual is intended to be useful to tax administrators at the Ministry of Finance level by making them aware of the practices used and challenges faced by other countries. It will also be useful to officials in a country's Ministry of Health or similar organizations by providing them with a more thorough understanding of key issues in tax structure and administration.
Asian Development Outlook 2022
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Author : Asian Development Bank
language : en
Publisher: Asian Development Bank
Release Date : 2022-04-01
Asian Development Outlook 2022 written by Asian Development Bank and has been published by Asian Development Bank this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-04-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Developing Asia faces greater uncertainty from the Russian invasion of Ukraine even as the region continues to contend with COVID-19 outbreaks. The war has sent shockwaves across financial and commodity markets. The highly transmissible Omicron variant has fueled a sharp rise in cases in the region, though its less severe health impact, coupled with increased immunity, has allowed economies to remain relatively open. As such, growth in the region is forecast to remain strong, supported by recovering domestic demand. The Russian invasion of Ukraine, aggressive monetary policy tightening in the US, and renewed COVID-19 outbreaks pose near-term risks to the outlook, alongside medium-term risks such as rising inequality due to school closures. Fiscal resources are needed to aid recovery and support sustainable development. But deficits and debt expanded substantially during the pandemic. Mobilizing taxes and optimizing tax incentives needs to be combined with improved spending efficiency to help developing Asia achieve its development objectives.
2021 Global Progress Report On Implementation Of The Who Framework Convention On Tobacco Control
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2022-01-31
2021 Global Progress Report On Implementation Of The Who Framework Convention On Tobacco Control written by and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-31 with Law categories.
Whither The Philippines In The 21st Century
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Author : Rodolfo C Severino
language : en
Publisher: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies
Release Date : 2007
Whither The Philippines In The 21st Century written by Rodolfo C Severino and has been published by Institute of Southeast Asian Studies this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Social Science categories.
Examines contradictory economic and political trends occurring in the Philippines in order to gain a sense of the country's prospects.
Tackling Noncommunicable Diseases In Bangladesh
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Author : Sameh El-Saharty
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2013-09-12
Tackling Noncommunicable Diseases In Bangladesh written by Sameh El-Saharty and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-12 with Medical categories.
With increased life expectancy, declining fertility, and sustained economic growth, the disease burden in Bangladesh has shifted from infectious to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). The policy options and strategic priorities to tackle NCDs are via multisectoral interventions, preventive, and treatment services.
The Manila Water Concession
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Author : Mark Dumol
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2000-01-01
The Manila Water Concession written by Mark Dumol and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-01-01 with Business & Economics categories.
In January 1997 the Government of the Philippines awarded two long-term concession contracts to private consortia, to operate the water and wastewater services in Greater Manila, an area with a population of 11 million. The winning bidders accepted contractual obligations to expand services faster than in the past, and offered rebates on the tariffs of the incumbent public utility. This diary of a key player in the government team that steered the Manila transaction, demonstrates principles that will be valid wherever such privatisations might occur: "the importance of sustained high-level political commitment; the need for a strong and dedicated government team, supported by experienced advisors; the value of a transparent bidding process; and the need to communicate and consult broadly" (from foreword)