Situation Theory And Its Applications Volume 3
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Situation Theory And Its Applications Volume 3
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Author : Robin Cooper
language : en
Publisher: Center for the Study of Language (CSLI)
Release Date : 1990
Situation Theory And Its Applications Volume 3 written by Robin Cooper and has been published by Center for the Study of Language (CSLI) this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Computers categories.
Situation theory is the result of an interdisciplinary effort to create a full-fledged theory of information. Created by scholars and scientists from cognitive science, computer science and AI, linguistics, logic, philosophy, and mathematics, it aims to provide a common set of tools for the analysis of phenomena from all these fields. Unlike Shannon-Weaver type theories of information, which are purely quantitative theories, situation theory aims at providing tools for the analysis of the specific content of a situation (signal, message, data base, statement, or other information-carrying situation). The question addressed is not how much information is carried, but what information is carried.
Logic And Information
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Author : Keith J. Devlin
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1995-09-29
Logic And Information written by Keith J. Devlin and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995-09-29 with Computers categories.
Intelligence can be characterised both as the ability to absorb and process information and as the ability to reason. Humans and other animals have both of these abilities to a greater or lesser degree, but the search for artificial intelligence has been hampered by our inability to create a theory that covers both of these characteristics. In this provocative and ground-breaking book, Professor Keith Devlin argues that to obtain a deeper understanding of the nature of intelligence and knowledge acquisition, we must broaden our concept of logic. For these purposes, Devlin introduces the concept of the infon, a quantum of information, and merges it with situations, a mathematical construction generalising the notion of sets developed by Barwise and Perry at Stanford University in order to study the meaning of natural languages. He develops and describes the theory here in general and intuitive terms, and discusses its relevance to a variety of concerns such as artificial intelligence, cognition, natural language and communication.
Information Retrieval Uncertainty And Logics
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Author : Cornelis Joost van Rijsbergen
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Information Retrieval Uncertainty And Logics written by Cornelis Joost van Rijsbergen and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.
In recent years, there have been several attempts to define a logic for information retrieval (IR). The aim was to provide a rich and uniform representation of information and its semantics with the goal of improving retrieval effectiveness. The basis of a logical model for IR is the assumption that queries and documents can be represented effectively by logical formulae. To retrieve a document, an IR system has to infer the formula representing the query from the formula representing the document. This logical interpretation of query and document emphasizes that relevance in IR is an inference process. The use of logic to build IR models enables one to obtain models that are more general than earlier well-known IR models. Indeed, some logical models are able to represent within a uniform framework various features of IR systems such as hypermedia links, multimedia data, and user's knowledge. Logic also provides a common approach to the integration of IR systems with logical database systems. Finally, logic makes it possible to reason about an IR model and its properties. This latter possibility is becoming increasingly more important since conventional evaluation methods, although good indicators of the effectiveness of IR systems, often give results which cannot be predicted, or for that matter satisfactorily explained. However, logic by itself cannot fully model IR. The success or the failure of the inference of the query formula from the document formula is not enough to model relevance in IR. It is necessary to take into account the uncertainty inherent in such an inference process. In 1986, Van Rijsbergen proposed the uncertainty logical principle to model relevance as an uncertain inference process. When proposing the principle, Van Rijsbergen was not specific about which logic and which uncertainty theory to use. As a consequence, various logics and uncertainty theories have been proposed and investigated. The choice of an appropriate logic and uncertainty mechanism has been a main research theme in logical IR modeling leading to a number of logical IR models over the years. Information Retrieval: Uncertainty and Logics contains a collection of exciting papers proposing, developing and implementing logical IR models. This book is appropriate for use as a text for a graduate-level course on Information Retrieval or Database Systems, and as a reference for researchers and practitioners in industry.
Logical Reasoning With Diagrams
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Author : Gerard Allwein
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 1996-06-13
Logical Reasoning With Diagrams written by Gerard Allwein and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-06-13 with Computers categories.
One effect of information technology is the increasing need to present information visually. The trend raises intriguing questions. What is the logical status of reasoning that employs visualization? What are the cognitive advantages and pitfalls of this reasoning? What kinds of tools can be developed to aid in the use of visual representation? This newest volume on the Studies in Logic and Computation series addresses the logical aspects of the visualization of information. The authors of these specially commissioned papers explore the properties of diagrams, charts, and maps, and their use in problem solving and teaching basic reasoning skills. As computers make visual representations more commonplace, it is important for professionals, researchers and students in computer science, philosophy, and logic to develop an understanding of these tools; this book can clarify the relationship between visuals and information.
Modality Semantics And Interpretations
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Author : Shier Ju
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-07-03
Modality Semantics And Interpretations written by Shier Ju and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-03 with Philosophy categories.
This contributed volume includes both theoretical research on philosophical logic and its applications in artificial intelligence, mostly employing the concepts and techniques of modal logic. It collects selected papers presented at the Second Asia Workshop on Philosophical Logic, held in Guangzhou, China in 2014, as well as a number of invited papers by specialists in related fields. The contributions represent pioneering philosophical logic research in Asia.
Logic Based Artificial Intelligence
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Author : Jack Minker
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Logic Based Artificial Intelligence written by Jack Minker and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.
The use of mathematical logic as a formalism for artificial intelligence was recognized by John McCarthy in 1959 in his paper on Programs with Common Sense. In a series of papers in the 1960's he expanded upon these ideas and continues to do so to this date. It is now 41 years since the idea of using a formal mechanism for AI arose. It is therefore appropriate to consider some of the research, applications and implementations that have resulted from this idea. In early 1995 John McCarthy suggested to me that we have a workshop on Logic-Based Artificial Intelligence (LBAI). In June 1999, the Workshop on Logic-Based Artificial Intelligence was held as a consequence of McCarthy's suggestion. The workshop came about with the support of Ephraim Glinert of the National Science Foundation (IIS-9S2013S), the American Association for Artificial Intelligence who provided support for graduate students to attend, and Joseph JaJa, Director of the University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies who provided both manpower and financial support, and the Department of Computer Science. We are grateful for their support. This book consists of refereed papers based on presentations made at the Workshop. Not all of the Workshop participants were able to contribute papers for the book. The common theme of papers at the workshop and in this book is the use of logic as a formalism to solve problems in AI.
New Directions In Relevant Logic
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Author : Igor Sedlár
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2025-01-30
New Directions In Relevant Logic written by Igor Sedlár and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-01-30 with Philosophy categories.
This book brings together contemporary work on relevant logics to showcase the recent progress of the field and set the stage for future research. The papers in the volume contribute to the formal and philosophical development of the field. They include contributions from different traditions and approaches ranging from philosophical discussions of the foundations of relevant, and related kinds of non-classical, logic to mathematical work concerning open technical problems in the field. This is the first edited collection on the topic in many years, and it includes contributions from established figures as well as younger generations of researchers. Relevant logics have recently seen a resurgence of interest and this volume will be an important resource for logicians working on substructural and relevant logics for years to come.
Logics Of Conversation
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Author : Nicholas Asher
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2003-06-19
Logics Of Conversation written by Nicholas Asher and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-06-19 with Computers categories.
Table of contents
Computing Meaning
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Author : H. Bunt
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2001-11-30
Computing Meaning written by H. Bunt and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-11-30 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book is a collection of papers written by outstanding researchers in the newly emerging field of computational semantics. It is aimed at those linguists, computer scientists, and logicians who want to know more about the algorithmic realization of meaning in natural language and about what is happening in this field of research. It includes a general introduction by the editors.
Knowledge Representation And Reasoning Under Uncertainty
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Author : Michael Masuch
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1994-06-28
Knowledge Representation And Reasoning Under Uncertainty written by Michael Masuch and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-06-28 with Computers categories.
This volume is based on the International Conference Logic at Work, held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, in December 1992. The 14 papers in this volume are selected from 86 submissions and 8 invited contributions and are all devoted to knowledge representation and reasoning under uncertainty, which are core issues of formal artificial intelligence. Nowadays, logic is not any longer mainly associated to mathematical and philosophical problems. The term applied logic has a far wider meaning, as numerous applications of logical methods, particularly in computer science, artificial intelligence, or formal linguistics, testify. As demonstrated also in this volume, a variety of non-standard logics gained increased importance for knowledge representation and reasoning under uncertainty.