Social Contracts And Economic Markets
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Social Contracts And Economic Markets
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Author : J.R. Blau
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2007-08-20
Social Contracts And Economic Markets written by J.R. Blau and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-08-20 with Business & Economics categories.
The thesis of this book is that people enter into social contracts because they are different from one another and have incentives to cooperate. In economic life, people have identical interests—namely, their own se- interests—so they have an incentive to compete. The social worlds that we create, or map, and those that are already mapped for us are increasingly complex, and thus the tracking of rationality is not so straightforward, although it is everywhere evident. In a sense, this book grew out of two questions: Why hasn't the United States had a second revolution? Or is the revolution yet to come? Many have discussed the current crises that confront contemporary society, such as great economic inequalities, poverty, the declining quality of jobs, the growing power of corporate elites, and racial antago nisms. I attempt to understand these problems in terms of the radical restructuring of social life by economic and spatial forces. My specula tive thesis is that social organizations must reinforce social contracts and nurture the opportunities for them to be forged. However, contemporary organizations, particularly economic ones, have internalized the princi ples of economic markets, thereby inducing competition and easing out cooperation. In defining social contracts, I draw from Rousseau and also from Marx and his analysis of use value. One hopes that new organiza tional forms based on principles of democracy and community will evolve. In a diverse, multicultural society, this requires great mutual understanding and cooperation and the recognition of differences.
What We Owe Each Other
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Author : Minouche Shafik
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2022-08-23
What We Owe Each Other written by Minouche Shafik and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-08-23 with Business & Economics categories.
From one of the leading policy experts of our time, an urgent rethinking of how we can better support each other to thrive Whether we realize it or not, all of us participate in the social contract every day through mutual obligations among our family, community, place of work, and fellow citizens. Caring for others, paying taxes, and benefiting from public services define the social contract that supports and binds us together as a society. Today, however, our social contract has been broken by changing gender roles, technology, new models of work, aging, and the perils of climate change. Minouche Shafik takes us through stages of life we all experience—raising children, getting educated, falling ill, working, growing old—and shows how a reordering of our societies is possible. Drawing on evidence and examples from around the world, she shows how every country can provide citizens with the basics to have a decent life and be able to contribute to society. But we owe each other more than this. A more generous and inclusive society would also share more risks collectively and ask everyone to contribute for as long as they can so that everyone can fulfill their potential. What We Owe Each Other identifies the key elements of a better social contract that recognizes our interdependencies, supports and invests more in each other, and expects more of individuals in return. Powerful, hopeful, and thought-provoking, What We Owe Each Other provides practical solutions to current challenges and demonstrates how we can build a better society—together.
Social Contracts Under Stress
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Author : Olivier Zunz
language : en
Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation
Release Date : 2002-03-14
Social Contracts Under Stress written by Olivier Zunz and has been published by Russell Sage Foundation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-03-14 with Political Science categories.
The years following World War II saw a huge expansion of the middle classes in the world's industrialized nations, with a significant part of the working class becoming absorbed into the middle class. Although never explicitly formalized, it was as though a new social contract called for government, business, and labor to work together to ensure greater political freedom and more broadly shared economic prosperity. For the most part, they succeeded. In Social Contracts Under Stress, eighteen experts from seven countries examine this historic transformation and look ahead to assess how the middle class might fare in the face of slowing economic growth and increasing globalization. The first section of the book focuses on the differing experiences of Germany, Britain, France, the United States, and Japan as they became middle-class societies. The British working classes, for example, were slowest to consider themselves middle class, while in Japan by the 1960s, most workers had abandoned working-class identity. The French remain more fragmented among various middle classes and resist one homogenous entity. Part II presents compelling evidence that the rise of a huge middle class was far from inclusive or free of social friction. Some contributors discuss how the social contract reinforced long-standing prejudices toward minorities and women. In the United States, Ira Katznelson writes, Southern politicians used measures that should have promoted equality, such as the GI bill, to exclude blacks from full access to opportunity. In her review of gender and family models, Chiara Saraceno finds that Mediterranean countries have mobilized the power of the state to maintain a division of labor between men and women. The final section examines what effect globalization might have on the middle class. Leonard Schoppa's careful analysis of the relevant data shows how globalization has pushed "less skilled workers down and more skilled workers up out of a middle class that had for a few decades been home to both." Although Europe has resisted the rise of inequality more effectively than the United States or Japan, several contributors wonder how long that resistance can last. Social Contracts Under Stress argues convincingly that keeping the middle class open and inclusive in the face of current economic pressures will require a collective will extending across countries. This book provides an invaluable guide for assessing the issues that must be considered in such an effort.
The Social Institutions Of Capitalism
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Author : Pursey Heugens
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2003-01-01
The Social Institutions Of Capitalism written by Pursey Heugens and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-01-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Offering a diverse set of contributions to current social contracting research, this text illustrates how social contracts necessarily underlie and facilitate all forms of capitalist production and exchange.
Toward A New Social Contract
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Author : Maurizio Bussolo
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2018-10-24
Toward A New Social Contract written by Maurizio Bussolo and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-24 with Business & Economics categories.
The growing economic fissures in the societies of Europe and Central Asia between generations, between insiders and outsiders in the labor market, between rural and urban communities, and between the super-rich and everyone else, are threatening the sustainability of the social contract. The institutions that helped achieving a remarkable degree of equity and prosperity over the course of several decades now face considerable difficulties in coping with the challenges presented by these emerging forms of inequality. Public surveys reveal rising concerns over inequality of opportunity, while electoral results show a marked shift to populist parties that offer radical solutions to voters dissatisfied with the status quo. There is no single solution to relieve these tensions, and attempts to address them will vary considerably across the region. However, this publication proposes three broad policy principles: (1) promote labor market flexibility while maintaining protection for all types of labor contracts; (2) seek universality in the provision of social assistance, social insurance, and basic quality services; and (3) expand the tax base by complementing progressive labor-income taxation with taxation of capital. These principles could guide the rethinking of the social contract and fulfil European citizens’ aspirations for growth and equity.
Towards A Natural Social Contract
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Author : Patrick Huntjens
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-03-30
Towards A Natural Social Contract written by Patrick Huntjens and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-30 with Political Science categories.
This open access book is a 2022 Nautilus Gold Medal winner in the category "World Cultures' Transformational Growth & Development". It states that the societal fault lines of our times are deeply intertwined and that they confront us with challenges affecting the security, fairness and sustainability of our societies. The author, Prof. Dr. Patrick Huntjens, argues that overcoming these existential challenges will require a fundamental shift from our current anthropocentric and economic growth-oriented approach to a more ecocentric and regenerative approach. He advocates for a Natural Social Contract that emphasizes long-term sustainability and the general welfare of both humankind and planet Earth. Achieving this crucial balance calls for an end to unlimited economic growth, overconsumption and over-individualisation for the benefit of ourselves, our planet, and future generations. To this end, sustainability, health, and justice in all social-ecological systems will require systemic innovation and prioritizing a collective effort. The Transformative Social-Ecological Innovation (TSEI) framework presented in this book serves that cause. It helps to diagnose and advance innovation and spur change across sectors, disciplines, and at different levels of governance. Altogether, TSEI identifies intervention points and formulates jointly developed and shared solutions to inform policymakers, administrators, concerned citizens, and professionals dedicated towards a more sustainable, healthy and just society. A wide readership of students, researchers, practitioners and policy makers interested in social innovation, transition studies, development studies, social policy, social justice, climate change, environmental studies, political science and economics will find this cutting-edge book particularly useful. “As a sustainability transition researcher, I am truly excited about this book. Two unique aspects of the book are that it considers bigger transformation issues (such as societies’ relationship with nature, purpose and justice) than those studied in transition studies and offers analytical frameworks and methods for taking up the challenge of achieving change on the ground.” - Prof. Dr. René Kemp, United Nations University and Maastricht Sustainability Institute
Capitalism Corporations And The Social Contract
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Author : Samuel F. Mansell
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2013-03-14
Capitalism Corporations And The Social Contract written by Samuel F. Mansell and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-14 with Business & Economics categories.
In whose interests should a corporation be run? Over the last thirty years the field of 'stakeholder theory' has proposed a distinctive answer: a corporation should be run in the interests of all its primary stakeholders - including employees, customers, suppliers and financiers - without contradicting the ethical principles on which capitalism stands. This book offers a critique of this central claim. It argues that by applying the political concept of a 'social contract' to the corporation, stakeholder theory in fact undermines the principles on which a market economy is based. The argument builds upon an extensive review of the stakeholder literature and an analysis of its philosophical foundations, particularly concerning the social contract tradition of John Rawls and his predecessors. The book concludes by offering a qualified version of Milton Friedman's shareholder theory as a more justifiable account of the purpose of a corporation.
Thirsty Cities
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Author : Selina Ho
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2019-01-10
Thirsty Cities written by Selina Ho and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-10 with History categories.
Provides the answer to the enduring puzzle why India lags behind China in offering public goods to its people.
Signals
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Author : Philippa Malmgren
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Signals written by Philippa Malmgren and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Business & Economics categories.
Economic signals are everywhere, from fashion magazine covers to grocery stores to military events. Malmgren empowers the public by revealing the story of the world economy in plain English. Central banks are trying hard to create inflation but say there is little chance it will happen, yet many feel their cost of living is already rising, especially in emerging markets. Who can fail to notice the rising cost of a steak, of chocolates, of apartments, of education, of healthcare or that prices are simply more volatile than in the past? The public should be more welcomed into the most important questions of the day: Is deflation or inflation the greater risk? Does inflation fix deflation? Both forces are now locked in an epic struggle. The conflicting pressures are now stressing and breaking the vital social contracts that exist between citizens and their states, setting in motion many seemingly unrelated outcomes: social unrest, the movement of manufacturing from emerging markets back to the US and the West, and even the near misses between the spy planes, fighter jets and naval vessels of the US, NATO, Japan, Russia and China. The one thing that can fix all this is innovation; acts of calculated risk taking that people undertake. Are governments hostile or hospitable to these already impressive efforts to build tomorrow s economy today? Prediction, Malmgren says, is impossible, but, by being alert to the many signals around us, anyone can be better prepared to navigate through the troubles to the treasures of the world economy.
Chinese Urban Life Under Reform
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Author : Wenfang Tang
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2000-01-28
Chinese Urban Life Under Reform written by Wenfang Tang and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-01-28 with Business & Economics categories.
This book examines how urban China is experiencing the shift from a planned to a market economy.