Software Cost Estimation And Sizing Methods

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Software Cost Estimation And Sizing Methods

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Author : Shari Lawrence Pfleeger
language : en
Publisher: Rand Corporation
Release Date : 2005

Software Cost Estimation And Sizing Methods written by Shari Lawrence Pfleeger and has been published by Rand Corporation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Computers categories.

Recommends an approach to improving the utility and accuracy of software cost estimates by exposing uncertainty (in understanding the project) and reducing the risks associated with developing the estimates. The approach focuses on characteristics of the estimation process (such as which methods and models are most appropriate for a given situation) and the nature of the data used (such as software size), describing symptoms and warning signs of risk in each factor, and risk-mitigation strategies.

Software Estimation Best Practices Tools Techniques

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Author : Murali Chemuturi
language : en
Publisher: J. Ross Publishing
Release Date : 2009-07-15

Software Estimation Best Practices Tools Techniques written by Murali Chemuturi and has been published by J. Ross Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-07-15 with Business & Economics categories.

Almost every software project begins with the utterances, “What will this cost?” and “When will this project be done?” Once those words are spoken, project stakeholders begin to wrestle with how to produce an estimate. Accurately estimating the cost or time to complete a software project is a serious problem for many software engineers, developers and project managers who struggle with costs running double original estimates, putting their careers at risk. It is reported that nearly 50% of all software projects are shelved and that one of the major causes is poor estimation practices. If developing software for internal use, poor estimates can represent a significant drain on corporate profits. Worldwide growth in the number of companies specializing in the development of software for use by other companies is staggering. India alone has nearly 20,000 such companies. Intense competition has led to an increased demand for fixed-bid pricing in client/vendor relationships, and has made effective cost estimation even more important and, in many cases, critical to a firm's survival. There are many methods of estimation. Each method has its strengths and weaknesses, proponents and opponents. Knowing how and which one to use on a given project is key to developing acceptable estimates for either internal or external projects.Software Estimation Best Practices, Tools, & Techniques covers all facets of software estimation. It provides a detailed explanation of the various methods for estimating software size, development effort, cost, and schedule, including a comprehensive explanation of Test Effort Estimation. Emphasizing that software estimation should be based on a well-defined process, it presents software estimation best practices and shows how to avoid common pitfalls. This guide offers direction on which methods are most appropriate for each of the different project types commonly executed in the software development space and criteria for selecting software estimation tools. This comprehensive desk reference explains software estimation from scratch to help the beginner and features advanced techniques for more experienced estimators. It details project scheduling, including resource leveling and the concept of productivity, as applicable to software estimators, demonstrating the many benefits of moving from the current macro-productivity approach to a micro-productivity approach in software estimation. Software Estimation Best Practices, Tools, & Techniques: A Complete Guide for Software Project Estimators caters to the needs of all software project stakeholders, from novice to expert. It provides the valuable guidance needed to estimate the cost and time required to complete software projects within a reasonable margin of error for effective software development.

Software Cost Estimation Benchmarking And Risk Assessment

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Author : Adam Trendowicz
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-01-10

Software Cost Estimation Benchmarking And Risk Assessment written by Adam Trendowicz and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-10 with Computers categories.

Software effort estimation is a key element of software project planning and management. Yet, in industrial practice, the important role of effort estimation is often underestimated and/or misunderstood. In this book, Adam Trendowicz presents the CoBRA method (an abbreviation for Cost Estimation, Benchmarking, and Risk Assessment) for estimating the effort required to successfully complete a software development project, which uniquely combines human judgment and measurement data in order to systematically create a custom-specific effort estimation model. CoBRA goes far beyond simply predicting the development effort; it supports project decision-makers in negotiating the project scope, managing project risks, benchmarking productivity, and directing improvement activities. To illustrate the method’s practical use, the book reports several real-world cases where CoBRA was applied in various industrial contexts. These cases represent different estimation contexts in terms of software project environment, estimation objectives, and estimation constraints. This book is the result of a successful collaboration between the process management division of Fraunhofer IESE and many software companies in the field of software engineering technology transfer. It mainly addresses software practitioners who deal with planning and managing software development projects as part of their daily work, and is also of interest for students or courses specializing in software engineering or software project management.

Estimating Software Costs

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Author : Capers Jones
language : en
Publisher: McGraw Hill Professional
Release Date : 2007-05-10

Estimating Software Costs written by Capers Jones and has been published by McGraw Hill Professional this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-05-10 with Computers categories.

Deliver bug-free software projects on schedule and within budget Get a clear, complete understanding of how to estimate software costs, schedules, and quality using the real-world information contained in this comprehensive volume. Find out how to choose the correct hardware and software tools, develop an appraisal strategy, deploy tests and prototypes, and produce accurate software cost estimates. Plus, you'll get full coverage of cutting-edge estimating approaches using Java, object-oriented methods, and reusable components. Plan for and execute project-, phase-, and activity-level cost estimations Estimate regression, component, integration, and stress tests Compensate for inaccuracies in data collection, calculation, and analysis Assess software deliverables and data complexity Test design principles and operational characteristics using software prototyping Handle configuration change, research, quality control, and documentation costs "Capers Jones' work offers a unique contribution to the understanding of the economics of software production. It provides deep insights into why our advances in computing are not matched with corresponding improvements in the software that drives it. This book is absolutely required reading for an understanding of the limitations of our technological advances." --Paul A. Strassmann, former CIO of Xerox, the Department of Defense, and NASA

Practical Software Project Estimation A Toolkit For Estimating Software Development Effort Duration

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Author : Peter Hill
language : en
Publisher: McGraw Hill Professional
Release Date : 2010-08-29

Practical Software Project Estimation A Toolkit For Estimating Software Development Effort Duration written by Peter Hill and has been published by McGraw Hill Professional this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-08-29 with Computers categories.

Product verifiable, defensible, and achievable software estimates Based on data collected by the International Software Benchmarking Standards Group (ISBSG), Practical Software Project Estimation explains how to accurately forecast the size, cost, and schedule of software projects. Get expert advice on generating accurate estimates, minimizing risks, and planning and managing projects. Valuable appendixes provide estimation equations, delivery rate tables, and the ISBSG Repository demographics. Verify project objectives and requirements Determine, validate, and refine software functional size Produce indicative estimates using regression equations Predict effect and duration through comparison and analogy Build estimation frameworks Perform benchmarks using the ISBSG Repository Compare IFPUG, COSMIC, and FiSMA sizing methods Peter Hill is the chief executive officer and a director of the ISBSG. He has been in the information services industry for more than 40 years and has compiled and edited five books for the ISBSG.

Cost Estimation In Agile Software Development

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Author : Stefan Luckhaus
language : en
Publisher: tredition
Release Date : 2016-08-15

Cost Estimation In Agile Software Development written by Stefan Luckhaus and has been published by tredition this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-15 with Technology & Engineering categories.

Whenever software is developed based on contracts with binding agreed conditions it is exposed to risks; conditions such as the delivery of a clearly defined functional scope at a fixed price and at an agreed delivery date. Many of these risks can be mitigated by the principles of agile development. Being able to navigate projects within all agreed parameters requires cost estimation methods to be integrated into planning and controlling processes. In order to prevent these methods from eroding the advantages of agile development, they must be rapidly applicable - ideally automatable - and allow for self-calibration after every sprint. This book illustrates, how size metrics can be utilised profitably in software development processes oriented towards agile values. It points out differences and restrictions, how the accuracy of cost estimations can be increased with each sprint and examines the feasibility of automated measurements.

Estimating Software Intensive Systems

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Author : Richard D. Stutzke
language : en
Publisher: Pearson Education
Release Date : 2005-04-26

Estimating Software Intensive Systems written by Richard D. Stutzke and has been published by Pearson Education this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-04-26 with Computers categories.

Many software projects fail because their leaders don't know how to estimate, schedule, or measure them accurately. Fortunately, proven tools and techniques exist for every facet of software estimation. Estimating Software-Intensive Systems brings them together in a real-world guidebook that will help software managers, engineers, and customers immediately improve their estimates–and drive continuing improvements over time. Dick Stutzke presents here a disciplined and repeatable process that can produce accurate and complete estimates for any project, product, or process, no matter how new or unusual. Stutzke doesn't just describe formal techniques: He offers simple, easy-to-use templates, spreadsheets, and tools you can start using today to identify and estimate product size, performance, and quality–as well as project cost, schedule, and risk reserves. Stutzke shows how to quickly "get your arms around" users' problems and requirements, the structure of a solution, and the process needed to deliver it. You'll learn how to choose the most appropriate estimating techniques and tools; collect accurate data, track progress, and update estimates; and recalibrate estimating models to improve estimation accuracy. Stutzke's techniques apply whether you're creating custom in-house business software, purchasing or customizing "off-the-shelf" technology, or constructing complex, one-of-a-kind military, industrial, or commercial systems. These techniques apply to small and large projects, and to all project life cycles–from agile to plan-driven. This book will help you plan, estimate, budget, schedule, purchase, design, build, test, deploy, operate, and maintain software-intensive systems. It explains how to size software, identify all cost components, calculate the associated costs, and set a competitive price. A separate section covers topics of interest for large projects: designing an appropriate work breakdown structure, collecting data from cost accounting systems, and using earned value measurement. You'll find updates and even more information on this book's companion web site, http://www.sw-estimation.com.

Software Sizing Estimation And Risk Management

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Author : Daniel D. Galorath
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2006-03-15

Software Sizing Estimation And Risk Management written by Daniel D. Galorath and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-03-15 with Business & Economics categories.

To achieve consistent software project success under the pressures of today's software development environment, software organizations require achievable plans including viable estimates of schedule, resources, and risks. To estimate realistically, you must understand how to apply sound estimation processes, tools, and data. Software Sizing

Cost Estimation

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Author : Gregory K. Mislick
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2015-05-04

Cost Estimation written by Gregory K. Mislick and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-05-04 with Business & Economics categories.

Presents an accessible approach to the cost estimation tools, concepts, and techniques needed to support analytical and cost decisions Written with an easy-to-understand approach, Cost Estimation: Methods and Tools provides comprehensive coverage of the quantitative techniques needed by professional cost estimators and for those wanting to learn about this vibrant career field. Featuring the underlying mathematical and analytical principles of cost estimation, the book focuses on the tools and methods used to predict the research and development, production, and operating and support costs for successful cost estimation in industrial, business, and manufacturing processes. The book begins with a detailed historical perspective and key terms of the cost estimating field in order to develop the necessary background prior to implementing the presented quantitative methods. The book proceeds to fundamental cost estimation methods utilized in the field of cost estimation, including working with inflation indices, regression analysis, learning curves, analogies, cost factors, and wrap rates. With a step-by-step introduction to the practicality of cost estimation and the available resources for obtaining relevant data, Cost Estimation: Methods and Tools also features: Various cost estimating tools, concepts, and techniques needed to support business decisions Multiple questions at the end of each chapter to help readers obtain a deeper understanding of the discussed methods and techniques An overview of the software used in cost estimation, as well as an introduction to the application of risk and uncertainty analysis A Foreword from Dr. Douglas A. Brook, a professor in the Graduate School of Business and Public Policy at the Naval Postgraduate School, who spent many years working in the Department of Defense acquisition environment Cost Estimation: Methods and Tools is an excellent reference for academics and practitioners in decision science, operations research, operations management, business, and systems and industrial engineering, as well as a useful guide in support of professional cost estimation training and certification courses for practitioners. The book is also appropriate for graduate-level courses in operations research, operations management, engineering economics, and manufacturing and/or production processes.

Estimating Packaged Software

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Author : Eric van der Vliet
language : en
Publisher: Nesma
Release Date : 2016-10-03

Estimating Packaged Software written by Eric van der Vliet and has been published by Nesma this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-03 with categories.

In software intensive organizations there is a trend towards less custom made software and an increasing use of packaged software. There is no generic framework for estimating the effort and cost of implementation and maintenance of packaged software. Each vendor and implementation partner uses its own proprietary techniques for estimation. This makes it hard to compare estimates from different sources or to build up benchmark data for public reference. Because of the many questions and discussions within the Nesma community about estimating implementation and maintenance of packaged software Nesma created an estimating framework that is presented in this guide. This document consists of three parts: Part 1: Packaged Software – Estimation ModelPart 2: Packaged Software – Cost DriversAppendices with practical examples to apply the Estimation Model