Soil Organic Matter And Biological Activity
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Soil Organic Matter And Biological Activity
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Author : D. Vaughan
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Soil Organic Matter And Biological Activity written by D. Vaughan and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Nature categories.
It has long been recognized that soil organic matter is the key to soil fertility. As a nutrient store it gradually provides essential elements which the soil cannot retain for long in inorganic form. It buffers growing plants against sudden changes in their chemical environment and preserves moisture in times of drought. It keeps the soil in a friable, easily penetrated physical condition, well-aerated and free draining, providing young seedlings with an excellent medium for growth. But it has another property, the nature and extent of which have been the subject of argu ment and controversy ever since scientists began to study the soil, and that is its ability to affect growth directly, other than by providing nutrient elements. Any one wishing to learn about these effects has been faced with a daunting mass of literature, some confusing, often contradictory, and spread through a multitude of journals. Individual aspects have been covered from time to time in reviews but there has obviously been a need for a modern authoritative text book dealing with the many facets of this subject, so the publication of this volume is timely. The editors and authors are all specialists in their fields, fully familiar with the com plex nature of soil organic matter and with the particular difficulties arising in any study of its properties. Where controversies exist they have presented all sides of the argument and have highlighted areas where further work is badly needed.
The Importance Of Soil Organic Matter
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Author : Alexandra Bot
language : en
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Release Date : 2005
The Importance Of Soil Organic Matter written by Alexandra Bot and has been published by Food & Agriculture Org. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Soil organic matter - the product of on-site biological decomposition - affects the chemical and physical properties of the soil and its overall health. Its composition and breakdown rate affect: the soil structure and porosity; the water infiltration rate and moisture holding capacity of soils; the diversity and biological activity of soil organisms; and plant nutrient availability. This document concentrates on the organic matter dynamics of cropping soils and discusses the circumstances that deplete organic matter and their negative outcomes. It then moves on to more proactive solutions. It reviews a "basket" of practices in order to show how they can increase organic matter content and discusses the land and cropping benefits that then accrue.--Publisher's description.
Soil Organic Matter
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Author : Robert L. Tate
language : en
Publisher: Wiley-Interscience
Release Date : 1987-01-19
Soil Organic Matter written by Robert L. Tate and has been published by Wiley-Interscience this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987-01-19 with Science categories.
This timely volume provides a basic introduction to the biological aspects of soil organic matter. With rapidly increasing societal demands on the soil ecosystem and the current recognition that the pools of organic matter in agricultural soils are declining, we have come to realize the essential function that soil organic matter performs in the ecosystem. The author shows how, in many cases, the total nature and longevity of the the entire ecosystem are controlled by the chemical, biological, and physical properties of the soil organic matter pool. Covers fauna, microbes, and enzymes in the soil; organic matter transformation and humification; mathematical modeling; ecosystem management, and much more.
Soil Biology And Land Management
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Soil Biology And Land Management written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Electronic government information categories.
Soil Organic Matter
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Author : M. M. Kononova
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2013-10-02
Soil Organic Matter written by M. M. Kononova and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Soil Organic Matter: Its Nature, Its Role in Soil Formation and in Soil Fertility focuses on the contributions of soil organic matter in soil formation and fertility, including weathering, decomposition, and synthesis of humus substances. The publication first elaborates on the main stages in the history of soil humus study and ideas on the composition of soil organic matter and nature of humus substances. Discussions focus on organic substances of individual nature, strictly humus substances in soil organic matter, and humus substances as a complex of high molecular- weight compounds. The text then examines the biochemistry of humus formation, including the role of physical, chemical, and biological factors, origin of humus substances, possible participation of lignin in the formation of humus substances, and the role of oxidizing enzymes in the synthesis of humus substances. The manuscript takes a look at the importance of organic matter in soil formation and soil fertility and the natural factors of humus formation. Topics include the role of organic matter in the weathering and decomposition of soil minerals; role of organic matter in the formation of soil structure; effect of organic matter on the growth and development of plants; and influence of chemical and physicochemical soil properties on humus formation. The publication is a dependable source material for readers interested in the influence of soil organic matter in soil formation and fertility.
Soil Organic Matter In Sustainable Agriculture
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Author : Fred Magdoff
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2004-05-27
Soil Organic Matter In Sustainable Agriculture written by Fred Magdoff and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-05-27 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Recognition of the importance of soil organic matter (SOM) in soil health and quality is a major part of fostering a holistic, preventive approach to agricultural management. Students in agronomy, horticulture, and soil science need a textbook that emphasizes strategies for using SOM management in the prevention of chemical, biological, and physical problems. Soil Organic Matter in Sustainable Agriculture gathers key scientific reviews concerning issues that are critical for successful SOM management. This textbook contains evaluations of the types of organic soil constituents—organisms, fresh residues, and well-decomposed substances. It explores the beneficial effects of organic matter on soil and the various practices that enhance SOM. Chapters include an examination of the results of crop management practices on soil organisms, organic matter gains and losses, the significance of various SOM fractions, and the contributions of fungi and earthworms to soil quality and crop growth. Emphasizing the prevention of imbalances that lead to soil and crop problems, the text also explores the development of soils suppressive to plant diseases and pests, and relates SOM management to the supply of nutrients to crops. This book provides the essential scientific background and poses the challenging questions that students need to better understand SOM and develop improved soil and crop management systems.
Experiments In Soil Biology And Biochemistry
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Author : Fran Russell & Danni Gilmore
language : en
Publisher: Scientific e-Resources
Release Date : 2018-08-14
Experiments In Soil Biology And Biochemistry written by Fran Russell & Danni Gilmore and has been published by Scientific e-Resources this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-14 with categories.
Soil science is the study of soil as a natural resource on the surface of the Earth including soil formation, classification and mapping; physical, chemical, biological, and fertility properties of soils; and these properties in relation to the use and management of soils. Soil biology is the study of microbial and faunal activity and ecology in soil. Soil life, soil biota and soil fauna are collective terms that encompasses all organisms that spend a significant portion of their life cycle within a soil profile, or at the soil-litter interface. Soils are rich ecosystems, composed of both living and non-living matter with a multitude of interaction between them. Soils play an important role in all of our natural ecological cycles. They also provide benefits through their contribution in a number of additional processes, called ecosystem services. These services range from waste decomposition to acting as a water filtration system to degrading environmental contaminants. Soil biochemistry is one of the branches of soil science dealing with the formation and decomposition of soil organic matter, biochemical reactions of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, metals and xenobiotic in soils, and biochemistry of the plant-root rhizosphere. The book will suit to the needs of students, teachers, scholars and general readers.
Soil Enzymology
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Author : Girish Shukla
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-10-17
Soil Enzymology written by Girish Shukla and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-10-17 with Science categories.
Soil enzymes are one of the vital key mediators involved in nutrient recycling and the decomposition of organic matter and thereby in maintaining soil quality and fertility. This Soil Biology volume covers the various facets of soil enzymes, such as their functions, biochemical and microbiological properties and the factors affecting their activities. Enzymes in the rhizosphere, in forest soils, and in volcanic ash-derived soils are described. Soil enzymes covered include phosphohydrolases, lignocellulose-degrading enzymes, phenol oxidases, fungal oxidoreductases, keratinases, pectinases, xylanases, lipases and pectinases. Several chapters treat the soil enzymatic activities in the bioremediation of soils contaminated with pesticides and pollutants such as oil, chlorinated compounds, synthetic dyes and aromatic hydrocarbons. The role of soil enzymes as bioindicators is a further important topic addressed.
Soil Fertility Management For Organic Crops
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Author : Mark Gaskell
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Soil Fertility Management For Organic Crops written by Mark Gaskell and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.
Organic soil fertility management is guided by the philosophy of "feed the soil to feed the plant." This basic precept is implemented through a series of practices designed to increase soil organic matter, biological activity, and nutrient availability.
Laboratory Methods For Soil Health Analysis Soil Health Series Volume 2
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Author : Douglas L. Karlen
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2021-08-24
Laboratory Methods For Soil Health Analysis Soil Health Series Volume 2 written by Douglas L. Karlen and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-08-24 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Laboratory Methods for Soil Health Analysis Analyzing, comparing, and understanding soil health data The maintenance of healthy soil resources is instrumental to the success of an array of global efforts and initiatives. Whether they are working to combat food shortages, conserve our ecosystems, or mitigate the impact of climate change, researchers and agriculturalists the world over must be able to correctly examine and understand the complex nature of this essential resource. These new volumes have been designed to meet this need, addressing the many dimensions of soil health analysis in chapters that are concise, accessible and applicable to the tasks at hand. Soil Health, Volume Two: Laboratory Methods for Soil Health Analysis provides explanations of the best practices by which one may arrive at valuable, comparable data and incisive conclusions, and covers topics including: Sampling considerations and field evaluations Assessment and interpretation of soil-test biological activity Macro- and micronutrients in soil quality and health PLFA and EL-FAME indicators Offering a practical guide to collecting and understanding soil health data, this volume will be of great interest to all those working in agriculture, private sector businesses, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), academic-, state-, and federal-research projects, as well as state and federal soil conservation, water quality and other environmental programs.