Some Chemicals That Cause Tumours Of The Kidney Or Urinary Bladder In Rodents And Some Other Substances
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Some Chemicals That Cause Tumours Of The Kidney Or Urinary Bladder In Rodents And Some Other Substances
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Author : IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans
language : en
Publisher: IARC Monographs on the Evaluat
Release Date : 1999
Some Chemicals That Cause Tumours Of The Kidney Or Urinary Bladder In Rodents And Some Other Substances written by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans and has been published by IARC Monographs on the Evaluat this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Medical categories.
Allyl isothiocyanate; ortho-Anisidine; Atrazine; Butyl benzyl phthalate; Chloroform; Chlorothalonil;Cyclamates;Dichlorobenzenes;Hexachlorobutadiene; Hexachloroethane; d-Limonene; Melamine; Methyl tert-butyl ether; Nitrilotriaceticacid andits salts;Paracetamol; ortho-Phenylphenol and its sodium salt; Potassium bromate ;Quercetin; Saccharin and its salts;Simazine
How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Government publications categories.
This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Chemical Carcinogenesis
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Author : Trevor M. Penning
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-03-03
Chemical Carcinogenesis written by Trevor M. Penning and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-03-03 with Medical categories.
This volume will provide a contemporary account of advances in chemical carcinogenesis. It will promote the view that it is chemical alteration of the DNA that is a route cause of many cancers. The multi-stage model of chemical carcinogenesis, exposure to major classes of human carcinogens and their mode-of-action will be a focal point. The balance between metabolic activation to form biological reactive intermediates and their detoxification, ensuing DNA-lesions and their repair will be profiled. It will describe the chemical changes that occur in DNA that result from endogenous insults including epigenetic changes that lead to gene silencing. It will describe major mechanisms of mutagenesis, affects on tumor suppressor genes and proto-oncogenes, and how cell-cycle check points can be by-passed by the "stealth-like" properties of chemical carcinogens. Environmental agents that can promote tumor formation will be discussed. The monograph will have wide appeal as a knowledge base for graduate students, post-doctoral fellows and faculty interested in this aspect of cancer causation and research.
Biologic Markers In Urinary Toxicology
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1995-08-28
Biologic Markers In Urinary Toxicology written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995-08-28 with Science categories.
Diseases of the kidney, bladder, and prostate exact an enormous human and economic toll on the population of the United States. This book examines prevention of these diseases through the development of reliable markers of susceptibility, exposure, and effect and the promise that new technologies in molecular biology and sophisticated understanding of metabolic pathways, along with classical approaches to the study of nephrotoxicants and carcinogens, can be developed and prevention of the diseases achieved. The specific recommendations included in this book complement those made in the previous three volumes on biomarkers, Biologic Markers in Reproductive Toxicology (1989), Biologic Markers in Pulmonary Toxicology (1989), and Biologic Markers in Immunotoxicology (1991).
Some Chemicals Present In Industrial And Consumer Products Food And Drinking Water
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Author : IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans
language : en
Publisher: IARC Monographs on the Evaluat
Release Date : 2013
Some Chemicals Present In Industrial And Consumer Products Food And Drinking Water written by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans and has been published by IARC Monographs on the Evaluat this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Medical categories.
This volume of the IARC Monographs provides an assessment of the carcinogenicity of 18 chemicals present in industrial and consumer products or food (natural constituents, contaminants, or flavorings) or occurring as water-chlorination by-products. The compounds evaluated include the widely used plasticizer di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and the food contaminant 4-methylimidazole. In view of the limited agent-specific information available from epidemiological studies, the IARC Monographs Working Group relied mainly on carcinogenicity bioassays, and mechanistic and other relevant data to evaluate the carcinogenic hazards to humans exposed to these agents.
Species Differences In Thyroid Kidney And Urinary Bladder Carcinogenesis
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Author : Charles C. Capen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Species Differences In Thyroid Kidney And Urinary Bladder Carcinogenesis written by Charles C. Capen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Medical categories.
In November 1997, an expert group was convened to discuss available knowledge on the epidemiology, pathology and mechanisms related to certain tumors that are commonly seen in essays for carcinogenicity in rodents in order that their importance in human hazard evaluation might be assessed. The tumors of interest were urinary bladder carcinomas associated with urolithiasis, microcrystalluria and certain urinary precipitates; renal corticol tumors in male rats associated with alpha-2 urinary globulin nephropathy; and thyroid follicular cell tumors associated with imbalances in thyroid stimulating hormone. Included in the book are a series of individually authored papers on these various topics, as well as a Concensus Report including consideration of how such data may be used within the evalation process in the IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic risks to Humans.
Mutagenic Impurities
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Author : Andrew Teasdale
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2022-02-15
Mutagenic Impurities written by Andrew Teasdale and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-02-15 with Medical categories.
Learn to implement effective control measures for mutagenic impurities in pharmaceutical development In Mutagenic Impurities: Strategies for Identification and Control, distinguished chemist Andrew Teasdale delivers a thorough examination of mutagenic impurities and their impact on the pharmaceutical industry. The book incorporates the adoption of the ICH M7 guideline and focuses on mutagenic impurities from both a toxicological and analytical perspective. The editor has created a primary reference for any professional or student studying or working with mutagenic impurities and offers readers a definitive narrative of applicable guidelines and practical, tested solutions. It demonstrates the development of effective control measures, including chapters on the purge tool for risk assessment. The book incorporates a discussion of N-Nitrosamines which was arguably the largest mutagenic impurity issue ever faced by the pharmaceutical industry, resulting in the recall of Zantac and similar drugs resulting from N-Nitrosamine contamination. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to the development of regulatory guidelines for mutagenic and genotoxic impurities, including a historical perspective on the development of the EMEA guidelines and the ICH M7 guideline An exploration of in silico assessment of mutagenicity, including use of structure activity relationship evaluation as a tool in the evaluation of the genotoxic potential of impurities A discussion of a toxicological perspective on mutagenic impurities, including the assessment of mutagenicity and examining the mutagenic and carcinogenic potential of common synthetic reagents Perfect for chemists, analysts, and regulatory professionals, Mutagenic Impurities: Strategies for Identification and Control will also earn a place in the libraries of toxicologists and clinical safety scientists seeking a one-stop reference on the subject of mutagenic impurity identification and control.
Fluoride In Drinking Water
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2007-01-22
Fluoride In Drinking Water written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-01-22 with Nature categories.
Most people associate fluoride with the practice of intentionally adding fluoride to public drinking water supplies for the prevention of tooth decay. However, fluoride can also enter public water systems from natural sources, including runoff from the weathering of fluoride-containing rocks and soils and leaching from soil into groundwater. Fluoride pollution from various industrial emissions can also contaminate water supplies. In a few areas of the United States fluoride concentrations in water are much higher than normal, mostly from natural sources. Fluoride is one of the drinking water contaminants regulated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) because it can occur at these toxic levels. In 1986, the EPA established a maximum allowable concentration for fluoride in drinking water of 4 milligrams per liter, a guideline designed to prevent the public from being exposed to harmful levels of fluoride. Fluoride in Drinking Water reviews research on various health effects from exposure to fluoride, including studies conducted in the last 10 years.
Toxicological Profile For Toluene
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Toxicological Profile For Toluene written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Toluene categories.
Safe Management Of Wastes From Health Care Activities
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Author : World Health Organization
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2014
Safe Management Of Wastes From Health Care Activities written by World Health Organization and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Medical categories.
This is the second edition of the WHO handbook on the safe, sustainable and affordable management of health-care waste--commonly known as "the Blue Book". The original Blue Book was a comprehensive publication used widely in health-care centers and government agencies to assist in the adoption of national guidance. It also provided support to committed medical directors and managers to make improvements and presented practical information on waste-management techniques for medical staff and waste workers. It has been more than ten years since the first edition of the Blue Book. During the intervening period, the requirements on generators of health-care wastes have evolved and new methods have become available. Consequently, WHO recognized that it was an appropriate time to update the original text. The purpose of the second edition is to expand and update the practical information in the original Blue Book. The new Blue Book is designed to continue to be a source of impartial health-care information and guidance on safe waste-management practices. The editors' intention has been to keep the best of the original publication and supplement it with the latest relevant information. The audience for the Blue Book has expanded. Initially, the publication was intended for those directly involved in the creation and handling of health-care wastes: medical staff, health-care facility directors, ancillary health workers, infection-control officers and waste workers. This is no longer the situation. A wider range of people and organizations now have an active interest in the safe management of health-care wastes: regulators, policy-makers, development organizations, voluntary groups, environmental bodies, environmental health practitioners, advisers, researchers and students. They should also find the new Blue Book of benefit to their activities. Chapters 2 and 3 explain the various types of waste produced from health-care facilities, their typical characteristics and the hazards these wastes pose to patients, staff and the general environment. Chapters 4 and 5 introduce the guiding regulatory principles for developing local or national approaches to tackling health-care waste management and transposing these into practical plans for regions and individual health-care facilities. Specific methods and technologies are described for waste minimization, segregation and treatment of health-care wastes in Chapters 6, 7 and 8. These chapters introduce the basic features of each technology and the operational and environmental characteristics required to be achieved, followed by information on the potential advantages and disadvantages of each system. To reflect concerns about the difficulties of handling health-care wastewaters, Chapter 9 is an expanded chapter with new guidance on the various sources of wastewater and wastewater treatment options for places not connected to central sewerage systems. Further chapters address issues on economics (Chapter 10), occupational safety (Chapter 11), hygiene and infection control (Chapter 12), and staff training and public awareness (Chapter 13). A wider range of information has been incorporated into this edition of the Blue Book, with the addition of two new chapters on health-care waste management in emergencies (Chapter 14) and an overview of the emerging issues of pandemics, drug-resistant pathogens, climate change and technology advances in medical techniques that will have to be accommodated by health-care waste systems in the future (Chapter 15).