Sorption And Release Of Pesticides In Soils
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Sorption And Release Of Pesticides In Soils
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Author : Riaz Ahmad
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Sorption And Release Of Pesticides In Soils written by Riaz Ahmad and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Soils categories.
The aims of this study were: 1. to examine the sorption behaviour of selected nonionic and ionic pesticides in a range of soils; 2. to characterise the nature of soil organic matter in a diverse group of soils and relate the structural and molecular variations of organic matter to sorption of nonionic pesticides; and 3. to study the release behaviour of carbaryl and ethion from two historically contaminated soils and to elucidate the mechanisms of their aging/sequestration. (abstract)
Sorption And Degradation Of Pesticides And Organic Chemicals In Soil
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Author : Daniel M. Linn
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Sorption And Degradation Of Pesticides And Organic Chemicals In Soil written by Daniel M. Linn and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Science categories.
Reports the current thinking on the role that adsorption may play in the rate and extent of an organic compound's degradation in the soil. Among the topics of the 14 papers are diazinon degradation and dissipation in the root zone, the reductive dechlorination of hexachlorobenzene in wetland soils, and the utility of sorption and degradation parameters from the literature for site-specific pesticide impact assessments. Proceedings from an October 1991 symposium in Denver. No index. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Pesticides In Soils
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Author : M. Sonia Rodríguez-Cruz
language : bg
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-02-07
Pesticides In Soils written by M. Sonia Rodríguez-Cruz and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-02-07 with Science categories.
This book reviews the occurrence and fate of pesticides in soils, their impact on soil quality and soil ecosystems, and it also provides a comprehensive overview of the latest prevention and remediation strategies of soil contamination. Chapters from expert contributors cover topics such as soil pollution monitoring, the role of dissolved organic matter on the environmental fate of pesticides in soils, the effects of pesticides on soil microbial communities, plant uptake of pesticides from soils, and nano-based pesticides. Particular attention is given to the latest physicochemical and biological technologies developed to immobilize or degrade pesticides, preventing soil and water pollution. Given its scope, the book will appeal to researchers, professionals, including environmental chemists, engineers, ecologists, and policy-makers responsible for soil management.
Investigation Into Irreversible Sorption Of Pesticides To Soil
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Author : Laura Suddaby
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Investigation Into Irreversible Sorption Of Pesticides To Soil written by Laura Suddaby and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
The importance of extremely slow retention and release has superseded the notion that sorption of pesticides to soil is an instantaneous and reversible process. A fraction of sorbed pesticide is also often reported to bind irreversibly to the soil matrix. This has important implications for pesticide mobility and bioavailability. It is essential to understand sorption phenomena to allow accurate prediction of pesticide fate within the soil environment. This thesis describes the result of applying a sequential extraction procedure, based on the principles of isotope or "self-exchange", to nine pesticide/soil systems. The significance of irreversible sorption in controlling pesticide mobility was assessed using isotope exchange (12C and 14C) to characterise pesticide exchange kinetics in-situ over protracted time-scales. Sequential extraction increased in harshness in the order: isotope exchange forced isotope exchange solvent extraction. Three pesticides (one neutral, one basic, one acidic) and three temperate, arable soils (ranging in texture and pH) were studied. A three-site sorption model was developed to further interpret the data obtained. Although results showed the experimental design of the isotope exchange technique was not powerful enough to identify whether remaining sorbed pesticide was participating in slowly reversible or irreversible sorption, the forced isotope exchange procedure was able to provide an indication of amounts of pesticide not participating in exchange between the soil and solution. Under abiotic conditions, only minimal amounts of initial-applied pesticide were found to take part in irreversible binding. Soil combustion quantified irreversible sorption in the order: chlorotoluron (≤ 2.27 ± 0.36%) prometryn (≤ 1.35 ± 0.60%) hexaconazole (≤ 0.50 ± 0.06%). Varying the soil composition had little effect on amounts of irreversibly sorbed pesticide, probably due to the small amounts of irreversible sorption observed overall. These results suggest that the vast majority of sorbed chlorotoluron, prometryn and hexaconazole (in the parent form) participated in very slow but reversible binding, a result also confirmed by the three-site sorption model. Pesticide sorption behaviour is a complex process. Although sorption phenomena are still not fully understood, these results provide a greater insight into the significance of irreversible binding for predicting pesticide fate.
Pesticide Soil Interactions
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Author : Juan Cornejo
language : en
Publisher: Editions Quae
Release Date : 2000
Pesticide Soil Interactions written by Juan Cornejo and has been published by Editions Quae this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This joint-authored book brings together approximately 50 current research methods developed and implemented in research laboratories in Europe to study pesticide/soil interactions. Its usefulness for researchers, teachers and professionals concerned by the environmental impact of pesticides was one of the major elements taken into consideration when structuring this book. It will be a valuable asset to chemists, physical chemists, biochemists, biologists and geologists interested in studying the behaviour of pesticides in soils.
Adsorption Movement And Biological Degradation Of Large Concentrations Of Selected Pesticides In Soils
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Author : Municipal Environmental Research Laboratory
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1980
Adsorption Movement And Biological Degradation Of Large Concentrations Of Selected Pesticides In Soils written by Municipal Environmental Research Laboratory and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with Pesticides categories.
Transport Fate Of Chemicals In Soils
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Author : H. Magdi Selim
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2014-09-17
Transport Fate Of Chemicals In Soils written by H. Magdi Selim and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-09-17 with Science categories.
During the last four decades, tremendous advances have been made towards the understanding of transport characteristics of contaminants in soils, solutes, and tracers in geological media. Transport & Fate of Chemicals in Soils: Principles & Applications offers a comprehensive treatment of the subject complete with supporting examples of mathematical models that describe contaminants reactivity and transport in soils and aquifers. This approach makes it a practical guide for designing experiments and collecting data that focus on characterizing retention as well as release kinetic reactions in soils and contaminant transport experiments in the laboratory, greenhouse), and in the field. The book provides the basic framework of the principals governing the sorption and transport of chemicalsin soils. It focuses on physical processes such as fractured media, multiregion, multiple porosities, and heterogeneity and effect of scale as well as chemical processes such as nonlinear kinetics, release and desorption hysteresis, multisite and multireaction reactions, and competitive-type reactions. The coverage also includes details of sorption behavior of chemicals with soil matrix surfaces as well the integration of sorption characteristics with mechanisms that govern solute transport in soils. The discussions of applications of the principles of sorption and transport are not restricted to contaminants, but also include nitrogen, phosphorus, and trace elements including essential micronutrients, heavy metals, military explosives, pesticides, and radionuclides. Written in a very clear and easy-to-follow language by a pioneer in soil science, this book details the basic framework of the physical and chemical processes governing the transport of contaminants, trace elements, and heavy metals in soils. Highly practical, it includes laboratory methods, examples, and empirical formulations. The approach taken by the author gives you not only the fundamentals of understanding of reactive chemicals retention and their transport in soils and aquifers, but practical guidance you can put to immediate use in designing experiments and collecting data.
Competitive Sorption And Transport Of Heavy Metals In Soils And Geological Media
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Author : H. Magdi Selim
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2016-04-19
Competitive Sorption And Transport Of Heavy Metals In Soils And Geological Media written by H. Magdi Selim and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-19 with Science categories.
Most reported incidents of soil contamination include an array of heavy metals species rather than a single ion. The various interactions in these multicomponent or multiple-ion systems significantly impact the fate and transport of heavy metals, and competition for sorption sites on soil matrix surfaces is a common phenomenon. Because of this, con
Residue Reviews
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Author : Francis A. Gunther
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Residue Reviews written by Francis A. Gunther and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
That residues of pesticide and other contaminants in the total environment are of concern to everyone everywhere is attested by the reception accorded previous volumes of "Residue Reviews" and by the gratifying enthusiasm, sincerity, and efforts shown by all the in dividuals from whom manuscripts have been solicited. Despite much propaganda to the contrary, there can never be any serious question that pest-control chemicals and food-additive chemicals are essential to adequate food production, manufacture, marketing, and storage, yet without continuing surveillance and intelligent control some of those that persist in our foodstuffs could at times conceivably endanger the public health. Ensuring safety-in-use of these many chemicals is a dynamic challenge, for established ones are continually being dis placed by newly developed ones more acceptable to food tech nologists, pharmacologists, toxicologists, and changing pest-control requirements in progressive food-producing economies. These matters are of genuine concern to increasing numbers of governmental agencies and legislative bodies around the world, for some of these chemicals have resulted in a few mishaps from improper use. Adequate safety-in-use evaluations of any of these chemicals per sisting into our foodstuffs are not simple matters, and they incorporate the considered judgments of many individuals highly trained in a variety of complex biological, chemical, food technological, medical, pharmacological, and toxicologial disciplines.
Pesticides In The Soil Environment
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Author : Shahamat U. Khan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1980
Pesticides In The Soil Environment written by Shahamat U. Khan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with Pesticides categories.