Space Science And The International Traffic In Arms Regulations
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Space Science And The International Traffic In Arms Regulations
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2008-03-04
Space Science And The International Traffic In Arms Regulations written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-03-04 with Political Science categories.
ITAR, which controls defense trade, includes the U.S. Munitions List (USML) which specifies categories of defense articles and services covered by the regulations. In 1999, space satellites were added to the USML. In 2002 ITAR was amended to exclude U.S. universities from having to obtain ITAR licenses when performing fundamental research involving foreign countries and/or persons. Despite this provision, there remains considerable uncertainty among university researchers about whether the regulations apply to their research leading to a rather conservative interpretation of the regulations and the imposition of burdens that might not be necessary. To explore this concern, NASA asked the NRC to organize a workshop of all stakeholders on the implications of ITAR for space science. This book presents a summary of the workshop discussions including those on perspectives on recent developments and implementation of ITAR; overarching issues; problems arising from ITAR's implementation; and opportunities for near-term actions and improvements.
Space Technology Export Controls And International Cooperation In Outer Space
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Author : Michael Mineiro
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-11-08
Space Technology Export Controls And International Cooperation In Outer Space written by Michael Mineiro and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-11-08 with Law categories.
Export controls definitively impact international cooperation in outer space. Civil and commercial space actors that engage in international endeavors must comply with space technology export controls. In the general discourse, members of the civil and commercial space community have an understanding of their domestic export control regime. However, a careful reading of the literature on space technology export controls reveals that certain questions relevant to international engagements have not been identified or answered. What is the legal-political origin of space technology export controls? How do they relate to the current international legal structure? What steps can be taken to evolve our current unilateral paradigm of space technology within the context of peaceful exploration and use of outer space? In this book, these and other relevant questions on space technology export controls are identified and assessed through an insightful case-study of the U.S. commercial communication export control regime. The findings of this case-study are used in an international legal-political analysis of international space law, public international law, and international cooperation. Breaking new ground in international legal theory, a self-justified security dilemma that is manifest in international law is identified and explained as the origin for the current paradigm of space technology export controls.
Nasa S Space Science Programs
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Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology (2007). Subcommittee on Space and Aeronautics
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Nasa S Space Science Programs written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology (2007). Subcommittee on Space and Aeronautics and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Political Science categories.
Materials Needs And R D Strategy For Future Military Aerospace Propulsion Systems
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2011-06-20
Materials Needs And R D Strategy For Future Military Aerospace Propulsion Systems written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-06-20 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The ongoing development of military aerospace platforms requires continuous technology advances in order to provide the nation's war fighters with the desired advantage. Significant advances in the performance and efficiency of jet and rocket propulsion systems are strongly dependent on the development of lighter more durable high-temperature materials. Materials development has been significantly reduced in the United States since the early 1990s, when the Department of Defense (DOD), the military services, and industry had very active materials development activities to underpin the development of new propulsion systems. This resulted in significant improvements in all engine characteristics and established the United States in global propulsion technology. Many of the significant advances in aircraft and rocket propulsion have been enabled by improved materials and, materials manufacturing processes. To improve efficiency further, engine weight must be reduced while preserving thrust. Materials Needs and Research and Development Strategy for Future Military Aerospace Propulsion Systems examines whether current and planned U.S. efforts are sufficient to meet U.S. military needs while keeping the U.S. on the leading edge of propulsion technology. This report considers mechanisms for the timely insertion of materials in propulsion systems and how these mechanisms might be improved, and describes the general elements of research and development strategies to develop materials for future military aerospace propulsion systems. The conclusions and recommendations asserted in this report will enhance the efficiency, level of effort, and impact of DOD materials development activities.
Open Source Software Policy Options For Nasa Earth And Space Sciences
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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2019-01-27
Open Source Software Policy Options For Nasa Earth And Space Sciences written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-27 with Science categories.
Modern science is ever more driven by computations and simulations. In particular, the state of the art in space and Earth science often arises from complex simulations of climate, space weather, and astronomical phenomena. At the same time, scientific work requires data processing, presentation, and analysis through broadly available proprietary and community software.1 Implicitly or explicitly, software is central to science. Scientific discovery, understanding, validation, and interpretation are all enhanced by access to the source code of the software used by scientists. This report investigates and recommends options for NASA's Science Mission Directorate (SMD) as it considers how to establish a policy regarding open source software to complement its existing policy on open data. In particular, the report reviews existing data and software policies and the lessons learned from the implementation of those policies, summarizes community perspectives, and presents policy options and recommendations for implementing an open source software policy for NASA SMD.
Solar And Space Physics
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2013-09-26
Solar And Space Physics written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-26 with Science categories.
From the interior of the Sun, to the upper atmosphere and near-space environment of Earth, and outward to a region far beyond Pluto where the Sun's influence wanes, advances during the past decade in space physics and solar physics-the disciplines NASA refers to as heliophysics-have yielded spectacular insights into the phenomena that affect our home in space. Solar and Space Physics, from the National Research Council's (NRC's) Committee for a Decadal Strategy in Solar and Space Physics, is the second NRC decadal survey in heliophysics. Building on the research accomplishments realized during the past decade, the report presents a program of basic and applied research for the period 2013-2022 that will improve scientific understanding of the mechanisms that drive the Sun's activity and the fundamental physical processes underlying near-Earth plasma dynamics, determine the physical interactions of Earth's atmospheric layers in the context of the connected Sun-Earth system, and enhance greatly the capability to provide realistic and specific forecasts of Earth's space environment that will better serve the needs of society. Although the recommended program is directed primarily at NASA and the National Science Foundation for action, the report also recommends actions by other federal agencies, especially the parts of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration charged with the day-to-day (operational) forecast of space weather. In addition to the recommendations included in this summary, related recommendations are presented in this report.
Departments Of Veterans Affairs And Housing And Urban Development And Independent Agencies Appropriations For 2001
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Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Departments Of Veterans Affairs And Housing And Urban Development And Independent Agencies Appropriations For 2001 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with United States categories.
Departments Of Veterans Affairs And Housing And Urban Development And Independent Agencies Appropriations For 2001 Testimony Of Members Of Congress And Other Interested Individuals And Organizations
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Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Departments Of Veterans Affairs And Housing And Urban Development And Independent Agencies Appropriations For 2001 Testimony Of Members Of Congress And Other Interested Individuals And Organizations written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with United States categories.
Forging The Future Of Space Science
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2010-03-08
Forging The Future Of Space Science written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-03-08 with Science categories.
From September 2007 to June 2008 the Space Studies Board conducted an international public seminar series, with each monthly talk highlighting a different topic in space and Earth science. The principal lectures from the series are compiled in Forging the Future of Space Science. The topics of these events covered the full spectrum of space and Earth science research, from global climate change, to the cosmic origins of life, to the exploration of the Moon and Mars, to the scientific research required to support human spaceflight. The prevailing messages throughout the seminar series as demonstrated by the lectures in this book are how much we have accomplished over the past 50 years, how profound are our discoveries, how much contributions from the space program affect our daily lives, and yet how much remains to be done. The age of discovery in space and Earth science is just beginning. Opportunities abound that will forever alter our destiny.
Impacts Of U S Export Control Policies On Science And Technology Activities And Competitiveness
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Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology (2007)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Impacts Of U S Export Control Policies On Science And Technology Activities And Competitiveness written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology (2007) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Law categories.