Spanish Republicans And The Second World War
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Spanish Republicans And The Second World War
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Author : Jonathan Whitehead
language : en
Publisher: Pen and Sword History
Release Date : 2021-09-30
Spanish Republicans And The Second World War written by Jonathan Whitehead and has been published by Pen and Sword History this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-30 with History categories.
Spanish Republicans and the Second World War tells the stories of the 500,000 Spanish Republicans that fled across the Pyrenees in 1939 as Catalonia fell to Franco’s victorious army in the final weeks of the Civil War. Many of the exiles played an active part in the Second World War. Some joined the French and British armed forces and saw action in various theatres including Africa and Europe (both in 1940 and after D-Day). In August 1944, Spanish Republicans in the La Nueve Company of General Leclerc’s Deuxième Blindée were the first Allied troops into Paris during the liberation of the French capital. Those that had remained in Vichy France were active in the early days of the French Resistance, and Republican Maquis also played a significant part in the liberation of the south-west of France in 1944. Those who fought the Axis troops in Spain during the Civil War and then again in France assumed that once the Allies had defeated the Nazis, they would launch a military campaign to overthrow Franco’s government in Spain. In October 1944, a force of thousands of Spanish Maquis took part in Operación Reconquista, the invasion of the Valley of Aran on the Spanish side of the Pyrenees. Their declared aim was to trigger a popular uprising and force the Allies to intervene against Franco’s dictatorship. Whitehead also examines the role of the Spanish volunteers of the División Azul who swore an oath of allegiance to Hitler and fought with the Wehrmacht on the Eastern Front; the role of the master double-agent Garbo, who played a crucial part in the success of D-Day; the strategic importance of Gibraltar; and the activities of the British diplomatic corps and secret services in resisting Hitler’s plans to invade the Iberian Peninsula.
Republic Besieged
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Author : Preston Paul Preston
language : en
Publisher: Edinburgh University Press
Release Date : 2019-08-07
Republic Besieged written by Preston Paul Preston and has been published by Edinburgh University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-08-07 with HISTORY categories.
This book is a compilation of several articles about the Spanish Civil War by different authors each one dealing with a matter.
The Spanish Civil War 1936 39 2
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Author : Alejandro de Quesada
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2015-01-20
The Spanish Civil War 1936 39 2 written by Alejandro de Quesada and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-20 with History categories.
The Spanish Civil War was the curtainraiser to World War II and involved a complex collection of forces, particularly on the Republican side. This title illustrates how diverse the Republican forces were, drawn from loyal elements of the Spanish army that rejected the appeal of the rebel generals, a wide range of volunteer regional units and political militias, and supported by volunteers from many other countries, including Great Britain, France and Germany, in units known as the International Brigades. The wide range of equipment and uniforms worn by these troops is revealed, as is, the organization of militias into conventional brigades and divisions. Featuring specially commissioned full-colour artwork, this second part of a two-part study depicts the fighting men of the Republican forces and examples of their foreign comrades.
The End Of The Spanish Civil War
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Author : Jonathan Whitehead
language : en
Publisher: Pen and Sword History
Release Date : 2024-01-30
The End Of The Spanish Civil War written by Jonathan Whitehead and has been published by Pen and Sword History this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-01-30 with categories.
The Spanish Civil War ended in Alicante. After Catalonia fell to the Hitler and Mussolini backed military rebellion of Franco's Nationalists at the outset of 1939, the legitimate Republican government of Dr Negrín was faced with a choice between apparently futile resistance or unconditional surrender to the triumphant Nationalists. Choosing the path of continued defiance until they could force concessions or at least implement a mass evacuation of those Republicans most at risk in Franco's new Spain, the government withdrew to Elda in the province of Alicante. However, their plans were thwarted by a new rebellion of Republican officers, led by Colonel Segismundo Casado, who resented Negrín's reliance on the Communist Party and the USSR and believed themselves better equipped to negotiate a peace settlement with Franco. They were misguided, Franco had no wish, and ultimately no need to negotiate. Meanwhile, faced with the imminent risk of arrest by the new junta, the Prime Minister and his cabinet were forced to abandon Spain from the tiny aerodrome of Monóvar. A relatively quiet port on the eastern, Mediterranean coast of Spain, Alicante had remained at some distance from the frontlines throughout the fighting on the ground, but swiftly became a target for Italian bombers operating out of bases in the Balearic Islands. In May 1938, at the height of the air offensive, Italian bombers attacked the marketplace, causing a massacre as tragic as the events in Guernica, yet largely ignored by historians. As the war drew towards its conclusion, Alicante became increasingly significant as attention focused on the plight of the defeated Republicans. In the second half of March 1939, the fronts collapsed, and Madrid finally fell to the insurgents. Tens of thousands of refugees descended on Alicante in the forlorn hope of rescue by French and British ships that had been promised but which failed to materialize. Amid the tragedy, as the British and French governments declined to engage in any humanitarian intervention that might offend Hitler and Mussolini, a single hero emerged; Captain Archibald Dickson, the Welsh master of the Stanbrook who ditched his cargo and transported 3,000 refugees to safety in North Africa. On 30 March 1939, Franco's vanguard, the Italian 'Volunteer' Corps under General Gastone Gambara, occupied a town already under the control of the Fifth Column. Two days later the Generalísimo issued a communiqué from his headquarters in Burgos, declaring that the war was over. The bulk of the Republicans surrounded and captured in the port were marched to an improvised internment camp, known as the Campo de los Almendros (Field of Almond Trees). They were then transferred to the infamous concentration camp at Albatera to share the fate of defeated Republicans across Spain and to undergo the program of ideological cleansing of the new fascist authorities.
The Spanish Civil War 1936 39 2
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Author : Alejandro de Quesada
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2015-01-20
The Spanish Civil War 1936 39 2 written by Alejandro de Quesada and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-20 with History categories.
The Spanish Civil War was the curtainraiser to World War II and involved a complex collection of forces, particularly on the Republican side. This title illustrates how diverse the Republican forces were, drawn from loyal elements of the Spanish army that rejected the appeal of the rebel generals, a wide range of volunteer regional units and political militias, and supported by volunteers from many other countries, including Great Britain, France and Germany, in units known as the International Brigades. The wide range of equipment and uniforms worn by these troops is revealed, as is, the organization of militias into conventional brigades and divisions. Featuring specially commissioned full-colour artwork, this second part of a two-part study depicts the fighting men of the Republican forces and examples of their foreign comrades.
The Spanish Civil War 1936 39 2
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Author : Alejandro de Quesada
language : en
Publisher: Osprey Publishing
Release Date : 2015-01-20
The Spanish Civil War 1936 39 2 written by Alejandro de Quesada and has been published by Osprey Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-20 with History categories.
This book offers an extensive overview of the myriad Republican forces during the Spanish Civil War, 1936-39. The conflict was the curtain-raiser to World War II, and the major international event of the 1930s. The study illustrates, textually and visually, how the Republican forces were initially varied in appearance and character. Loyal elements of the Spanish army that rejected the appeal of the rebel generals were supported by a wide range of volunteer regional units and political militias, and by volunteers from many other countries. These disparate forces were later amalgamated--by force--into the Communist-dominated People's Army. Thereafter their motley array of clothing, weapons and equipment became rather more uniform as the Soviet Union provided support and supplies on a large scale. Featuring specially commissioned full-color artwork, this second part of a two-part study depicts the fighting men of the Republican forces that strove to retain control of Spain alongside thousands of international volunteers.
Hitler And Spain
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Author : Robert H. Whealey
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
Hitler And Spain written by Robert H. Whealey and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with History categories.
The Spanish Civil War, begun in July 1936, was a preliminary round of World War II. Hitler's and Mussolini's cooperation with General Franco resulted in the Axis agreement of October 1936 and the subsequent Pact of Steel of May 1939, immediately following the end of the Civil War. This study presents comprehensive documentation of Hitler's use of the upheaval in Spain to strengthen the Third Reich diplomatically, ideologically, economically, and militarily. While the last great cause drew all eyes to Western Europe and divided the British and especially the French internally, Hitler could pursu ...
Spanish Civil War
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Author : Kelly Mass
language : en
Publisher: Efalon Acies
Release Date : 2024-01-16
Spanish Civil War written by Kelly Mass and has been published by Efalon Acies this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-01-16 with History categories.
The Spanish Civil War spanned from 1936 to 1939 and was a domestic conflict in Spain. The Nationalists, comprising Falangists, monarchists, conservatives, and traditionalists, rallied around General Francisco Franco and sought to overthrow the left-leaning Popular Front government of the Second Spanish Republic, forming an alliance with communists and syndicalist anarchists. The war garnered various interpretations globally, seen as a class struggle, a clash between dictatorship and democratic republicanism, and a power struggle between fascism and communism. Claude Bowers, the U.S. ambassador to Spain during World War II, even referred to it as a "dress rehearsal." The Nationalists emerged victorious in early 1939 and dominated Spain until Franco's death in November 1975. The conflict began with a pronunciamiento against the Republican government, led by General Emilio Mola with General José Sanjurjo as a figurehead. President Manuel Azaña headed the coalition of Republicans, backed by communist and socialist parties in the Cortes. Supporting the Nationalist faction were CEDA, monarchists (including Alfonsists and conservative Carlists), and the fascist political party Falange Española de las JONS. Franco eventually emerged as the dominant leader of the Nationalists after the demise of Sanjurjo, Emilio Mola, and Manuel Goded Llopis.
Spanish Civil War
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Author : Hourly History
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2018-05-02
Spanish Civil War written by Hourly History and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-02 with categories.
Spanish Civil War The Spanish Civil War is sometimes seen as merely a precursor to World War II, and it's easy to understand why. The troops of the extreme right fought against those of the extreme left, and the soldiers and military hardware of Germany, Italy, and Russia faced off on Spanish battlefields many years before they fought each other on the Russian steppes. For the first time, the world would see bombings of civilians to create terror. There were secret police forces on both sides and large numbers of arbitrary executions, and the use of imprisonment without trial and torture as a means of establishing state power became almost routine. But the Spanish Civil War was much more than just an overture to World War II. It was a war born out of schisms in Spanish society between rich and poor, monarchists and Republicans, the right and the left, and between those who supported the church and those who saw it as an instrument of oppression. For all its brutality and horror, the Spanish Civil War was a conflict between ideals often fought by volunteers on each side who truly believed that they were helping to build a better world. Inside you will read about... - Taking Positions - Outside Intervention - The Terror - Nationalists Triumphant in the North - The Republicans Fight Back - The End of the War And much more! This book provides an overview of the causes which led to the war, the significance of outside intervention, and the main events which took place between July 1936 and April 1939. This is not an exhaustive history of the war, but it's rather a succinct introduction for anyone interested in an overview of this confusing but important European war.
Spain The Second World War And The Holocaust
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Author : Sara J. Brenneis
language : en
Publisher: University of Toronto Press
Release Date : 2020
Spain The Second World War And The Holocaust written by Sara J. Brenneis and has been published by University of Toronto Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with History categories.
Spain, the Second World War, and the Holocaust is the first comprehensive historical and cultural study of Spain's unique relationship to this turbulent historical period.