Sparks Of Life Darwinism And The Victorian Debates Over Spontaneous Generation
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Sparks Of Life
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Author : James E. Strick
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2009-06-01
Sparks Of Life written by James E. Strick and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-06-01 with Science categories.
How, asks James E. Strick, could spontaneous generation--the idea that living things can suddenly arise from nonliving materials--come to take root for a time (even a brief one) in so thoroughly unsuitable a field as British natural theology? No less an authority than Aristotle claimed that cases of spontaneous generation were to be observed in nature, and the idea held sway for centuries. Beginning around the time of the Scientific Revolution, however, the doctrine was increasingly challenged; attempts to prove or disprove it led to important breakthroughs in experimental design and laboratory techniques, most notably sterilization methods, that became the cornerstones of modern microbiology and sped the ascendancy of the germ theory of disease. The Victorian debates, Strick shows, were entwined with the public controversy over Darwin's theory of evolution. While other histories of the debates between 1860 and 1880 have focused largely on the experiments of John Tyndall, Henry Charlton Bastian, and others, Sparks of Life emphasizes previously understudied changes in the theories that underlay the debates. Strick argues that the disputes cannot be understood without full knowledge of the factional infighting among Darwinians themselves, as they struggled to create a socially and scientifically viable form of Darwinian science. He shows that even the terms of the debate, such as biogenesis, usually but incorrectly attributed to Huxley, were intensely contested.
Sparks Of Life Darwinism And The Victorian Debates Over Spontaneous Generation
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Author : James Edgar Strick
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Sparks Of Life Darwinism And The Victorian Debates Over Spontaneous Generation written by James Edgar Strick and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with categories.
Evolution And The Spontaneous Generation Debate
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Author : H. Charlton Bastian
language : en
Publisher: A&C Black
Release Date : 2001-04-15
Evolution And The Spontaneous Generation Debate written by H. Charlton Bastian and has been published by A&C Black this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-04-15 with Science categories.
'Carefully selected by James Strick, this comprehensive collection of primary source materials resurrects the forgotten man of evolutionary theory, Henry Charlton Bastian, and opens a new window on controversies which divided the ranks of evolutionary naturalists. The hostile reaction of Thomas Henry Huxley and his allies to Bastian's challenge - that they accept the theory of spontaneous generation and the materialism connected with it - shows just how far they were willing to go to sanitize evolutionary theory for public consumption while maintaining their own respectability. Strick's collection is a vivid reminder of the volatile politics of evolution and the importance of not losing sight of "the losers" in scientific controversy.' - Bernard Lightman 'Strick garners all the backbiting documents to show how crucial aspects of the Darwinian orthodoxy were made. The knock-down fight in the 1870s between Huxley and Tyndall, and the brilliant pathology professor Henry Bastian, was over the inclusion of spontaneous generation. Bastian's initial success in justifying it and picking up rival medical support reveals that Huxley's evolutionary view was not an inevitable outcome. The sparring in Strick's volumes proves that it took all of Huxley's and Tyndall's scientific, rhetorical and darker skills to establish their version of Darwinism.' - Adrian Desmond 'An invaluable resource for the understanding of the controversies on the origin of life on earth.' - Dr Iris Fry 'Everybody knows that life's creation was the last redoubt of natural theology in the nineteenth century and spontaneous generation the atheists' siege-weapon for destroying it. Strick's authoritative collection breaks new ground by showing how unbelievers themselves came to blows over the origin of life - even Darwin's followers. Their contest for the Victorian moral heights is a case study of the politics of science and a timely reminder that arguments among 'public scientists' are never simply about "the facts".' - Dr James Moore Evolution and the Spontaneous Generation Debate collects the rare primary works on the origin of life by Henry Charlton Bastian (1837--1915), one of the brightest young rising Darwinian stars of the time. It contains all Bastian's key works on this subject, from his very first in 1871, The Modes of Origin of Lowest Organisms, through to one of his last, The Evolution of Life in 1907. The set also includes contemporary reviews and responses to Bastian's work which illustrate how emotive this theory was during the 1870s and why the likes of T. H. Huxley and John Tyndall went to extraordinarily great lengths to oppose Bastian. In the first two decades after the publication of Darwin's On the Origin of Species (1859), a lively, often heated debate broke out about what the implications of Darwin's theory were for understanding the origin of life from non-living matter. Nowhere was the debate more acrimonious than among the Darwinians themselves. The response to Bastian's work was uniformly negative in Christian religious circles, and created a tremendous response, both negative and positive, from the Darwinians. One faction, including medical doctors and scientific journals, strongly supported Bastian's ideas, another, including Huxley, Tyndall and the powerful X Club, fiercely attacked Bastian, eventually declaring him vanquished by 1878. This set contains examples of both reactions, including Huxley's famous 'Biogenesis and Abiogenesis' address. This set is crucial to understanding the genesis of today's ideas about the origin of life. Much of the broad outlines of modern Darwinian ideas took shape in the debate over Bastian's work and have remained with us since. Featuring an introduction by James Strick, Assistant Professor of Biology and Society, Arizona State University, Evolution and the Spontaneous Generation Debate will amply reward study by scientists, physicians, historians of science, and all in the modern scientific world, who wish to better understand public controversy in science. --contains important writings by nineteenth-century scientists on the spontaneous generation debate --important case study of a Victorian debate on evolution --crucial to understanding the development of the origin of life theory in the nineteenth century
Reading Darwin In Arabic 1860 1950
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Author : Marwa Elshakry
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2014-01-06
Reading Darwin In Arabic 1860 1950 written by Marwa Elshakry and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-06 with Science categories.
In Reading Darwin in Arabic, Marwa Elshakry questions current ideas about Islam, science, and secularism by exploring the ways in which Darwin was read in Arabic from the late 1860s to the mid-twentieth century. Borrowing from translation and reading studies and weaving together the history of science with intellectual history, she explores Darwin’s global appeal from the perspective of several generations of Arabic readers and shows how Darwin’s writings helped alter the social and epistemological landscape of the Arab learned classes. Providing a close textual, political, and institutional analysis of the tremendous interest in Darwin’s ideas and other works on evolution, Elshakry shows how, in an age of massive regional and international political upheaval, these readings were suffused with the anxieties of empire and civilizational decline. The politics of evolution infiltrated Arabic discussions of pedagogy, progress, and the very sense of history. They also led to a literary and conceptual transformation of notions of science and religion themselves. Darwin thus became a vehicle for discussing scriptural exegesis, the conditions of belief, and cosmological views more broadly. The book also acquaints readers with Muslim and Christian intellectuals, bureaucrats, and theologians, and concludes by exploring Darwin’s waning influence on public and intellectual life in the Arab world after World War I. Reading Darwin in Arabic is an engaging and powerfully argued reconceptualization of the intellectual and political history of the Middle East.
The Depth Of The Human Person
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Author : Michael Welker
language : en
Publisher: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing
Release Date : 2014-06-30
The Depth Of The Human Person written by Michael Welker and has been published by Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-30 with Religion categories.
This volume brings together leading theologians, biblical scholars, scientists, philosophers, ethicists, and others to explore the multidimensionality and depth of the human person. Moving away from dualistic (mind-body, spirit-flesh, naturalmental) anthropologies, the book's contributors examine human personhood in terms of a complex flesh-body-mind-heart-soul-conscience-reason-spirit spectrum. The Depth of the Human Person begins with a provocative essay on the question "Why is personhood conceptually difficult?" It then rises to the challenge of relating theological contributions on the subject to various scientific explorations. Finally, the book turns to contemporary theological-ethical challenges, discussing such subjects as human dignity, embodiment, gender stereotypes, and human personhood at the edges of life. Contributors: Maria Antonaccio Warren S. Brown Philip Clayton Volker Henning Drecoll Markus Hfner Origen V. Jathanna Malcolm Jeeves Isolde Karle Eiichi Katayanagi Andreas Kemmerling Stephan Kirste Bernd Oberdorfer John C. Polkinghorne Jeffrey P. Schloss Andreas Schle William Schweiker Gerd Theissen Gnter Thomas Frank Vogelsang Michael Welker
Encyclopedia Of Microbiology
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2009-01-14
Encyclopedia Of Microbiology written by and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-01-14 with Science categories.
Available as an exclusive product with a limited print run, Encyclopedia of Microbiology, 3e, is a comprehensive survey of microbiology, edited by world-class researchers. Each article is written by an expert in that specific domain and includes a glossary, list of abbreviations, defining statement, introduction, further reading and cross-references to other related encyclopedia articles. Written at a level suitable for university undergraduates, the breadth and depth of coverage will appeal beyond undergraduates to professionals and academics in related fields. 16 separate areas of microbiology covered for breadth and depth of content Extensive use of figures, tables, and color illustrations and photographs Language is accessible for undergraduates, depth appropriate for scientists Links to original journal articles via Crossref 30% NEW articles and 4-color throughout – NEW!
Evolution
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Author : Peter J. Bowler
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 2003-07
Evolution written by Peter J. Bowler and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-07 with Science categories.
The comprehensive and authoritative source on the development and impact on one of the most controversial of scientific theories.
An Elusive Victorian
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Author : Martin Fichman
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2010-11-15
An Elusive Victorian written by Martin Fichman and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-11-15 with Science categories.
Codiscoverer of the theory of evolution by natural selection, Alfred Russel Wallace should be recognized as one of the titans of Victorian science. Instead he has long been relegated to a secondary place behind Darwin. Worse, many scholars have overlooked or even mocked his significant contributions to other aspects of Victorian culture. With An Elusive Victorian, Martin Fichman provides the first comprehensive analytical study of Wallace's life and controversial intellectual career. Fichman examines not only Wallace's scientific work as an evolutionary theorist and field naturalist but also his philosophical concerns, his involvement with theism, and his commitment to land nationalization and other sociopolitical reforms such as women's rights. As Fichman shows, Wallace worked throughout his life to integrate these humanistic and scientific interests. His goal: the development of an evolutionary cosmology, a unified vision of humanity's place in nature and society that he hoped would ensure the dignity of all individuals. To reveal the many aspects of this compelling figure, Fichman not only reexamines Wallace's published works, but also probes the contents of his lesser known writings, unpublished correspondence, and copious annotations in books from his personal library. Rather than consider Wallace's science as distinct from his sociopolitical commitments, An Elusive Victorian assumes a mutually beneficial relationship between the two, one which shaped Wallace into one of the most memorable characters of his time. Fully situating Wallace's wide-ranging work in its historical and cultural context, Fichman's innovative and insightful account will interest historians of science, religion, and Victorian culture as well as biologists.
Evolution And The Victorians
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Author : Jonathan Conlin
language : en
Publisher: A&C Black
Release Date : 2014-01-16
Evolution And The Victorians written by Jonathan Conlin and has been published by A&C Black this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-16 with History categories.
Charles Darwin's discovery of evolution by natural selection was the greatest scientific discovery of all time. The publication of his 1859 book, On the Origin of Species, is normally taken as the point at which evolution erupted as an idea, radically altering how the Victorians saw themselves and others. This book tells a very different story. Darwin's discovery was part of a long process of negotiation between imagination, faith and knowledge which began long before 1859 and which continues to this day. Evolution and the Victorians provides historians with a survey of the thinkers and debates implicated in this process, from the late 18th century to the First World War. It sets the history of science in its social and cultural context. Incorporating text-boxes, illustrations and a glossary of specialist terms, it provides students with the background narrative and core concepts necessary to engage with specialist historians such as Adrian Desmond, Bernard Lightman and James Secord. Conlin skilfully synthesises material from a range of sources to show the ways in which the discovery of evolution was a collaborative enterprise pursued in all areas of Victorian society, including many that do not at first appear "scientific".
Weird Fiction And Science At The Fin De Si Cle
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Author : Emily Alder
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-01-07
Weird Fiction And Science At The Fin De Si Cle written by Emily Alder and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-07 with Literary Criticism categories.
This book explores how nineteenth-century science stimulated the emergence of weird tales at the fin de siècle, and examines weird fiction by British writers who preceded and influenced H. P. Lovecraft, the most famous author of weird fiction. From laboratory experiments, thermodynamics, and Darwinian evolutionary theory to psychology, Theosophy, and the ‘new’ physics of atoms and forces, science illuminated supernatural realms with rational theories and practices. Changing scientific philosophies and questioning of traditional positivism produced new ways of knowing the world—fertile borderlands for fictional as well as real-world scientists to explore. Reading Robert Louis Stevenson’s Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde (1886) as an inaugural weird tale, the author goes on to analyse stories by Arthur Machen, Edith Nesbit, H. G. Wells, William Hope Hodgson, E. and H. Heron, and Algernon Blackwood to show how this radical fantasy mode can be scientific, and how sciences themselves were often already weird.