Spatial Mismatch Or Racial Mismatch
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Spatial Mismatch Or Racial Mismatch
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Author : Judith K. Hellerstein
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Spatial Mismatch Or Racial Mismatch written by Judith K. Hellerstein and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with African Americans categories.
"We contrast the spatial mismatch hypothesis with what we term the racial mismatch hypothesis -- that the problem is not a lack of jobs, per se, where blacks live, but a lack of jobs into which blacks are hired, whether because of discrimination or labor market networks in which race matters. We first report new evidence on the spatial mismatch hypothesis, using data from Census Long-Form respondents. We construct direct measures of the presence of jobs in detailed geographic areas, and find that these job density measures are related to employment of black male residents in ways that would be predicted by the spatial mismatch hypothesis -- in particular that spatial mismatch is primarily an issue for low-skilled black male workers. We then look at racial mismatch, by estimating the effects of job density measures that are disaggregated by race. We find that it is primarily black job density that influences black male employment, whereas white job density has little if any influence on their employment. This evidence implies that space alone plays a relatively minor role in low black male employment rates."--abstract.
Women On Probation And Parole
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Author : Merry Morash
language : en
Publisher: UPNE
Release Date : 2010
Women On Probation And Parole written by Merry Morash and has been published by UPNE this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Psychology categories.
The first in-depth comparative look at gender-responsive versus traditional probation and parole for women
Spatial Mismatch Or Racial Mismatch
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Author : Judith K. Hellerstein
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Spatial Mismatch Or Racial Mismatch written by Judith K. Hellerstein and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
We contrast the spatial mismatch hypothesis with what we term the racial mismatchhypothesis - that the problem is not a lack of jobs, per se, where blacks live, but a lack of jobsinto which blacks are hired, whether because of discrimination or labor market networks inwhich race matters. We first report new evidence on the spatial mismatch hypothesis, using data from Census Long-Form respondents. We construct direct measures of the presence of jobs in detailed geographic areas, and find that these job density measures are related to employment of black male residents in ways that would be predicted by the spatial mismatch hypothesis - in particular that spatial mismatch is primarily an issue for low-skilled black male workers. We then look at racial mismatch, by estimating the effects of job density measures that are disaggregated by race. We find that it is primarily black job density that influences black male employment, where as white job density has little if any influence on their employment. This evidence implies that space alone plays a relatively minor role in low black male employment rates.
Building On Spatial Mismatch
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Author : Steven Matthew Reeves
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Building On Spatial Mismatch written by Steven Matthew Reeves and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Discrimination in housing categories.
Barriers to employment exist at different levels for minority groups, especially those that are residentially segregated. Many studies have examined these barriers, including a physical separation between the residential location and the available job opportunities since John Kain's 1968 Spatial Mismatch Hypothesis. However, recent studies of modal mismatch, racial mismatch, and skill or language mismatch, have been identified with significant impact on accessible employment without being including in a comprehensive review of mismatch literature. This research provides an updated literature review of Spatial Mismatch. It also includes a case study of a little studied region, Dallas - Fort Worth metropolitan area. The case study found that spatial accessibility is not significant to unemployment rates for the DFW area, however they are significant when reviewing Dallas county alone, implying a sensitivity directly to the chosen area of study. Where Spatial Mismatch may be unfounded for a larger area, inequities of access may exist for smaller divisions of area and in need of intervening policies or programs.
Explaining Racial Ethnic Gaps In Spatial Mismatch
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Author : Michael A. Stoll
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Explaining Racial Ethnic Gaps In Spatial Mismatch written by Michael A. Stoll and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Housing categories.
The Black Youth Employment Crisis
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Author : Richard B. Freeman
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 1986
The Black Youth Employment Crisis written by Richard B. Freeman and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with Social Science categories.
In recent years, the earnings of young blacks have risen substantially relative to those of young whites, but their rates of joblessness have also risen to crisis levels. The papers in this volume, drawing on the results of a groundbreaking survey conducted by the National Bureau of Economic Research, analyze the history, causes, and features of this crisis. The findings they report and conclusions they reach revise accepted explanations of black youth unemployment. The contributors identify primary determinants on both the demand and supply sides of the market and provide new information on important aspects of the problem, such as drug use, crime, economic incentives, and attitudes among the unemployed. Their studies reveal that, contrary to popular assumptions, no single factor is the predominant cause of black youth employment problems. They show, among other significant factors, that where female employment is high, black youth employment is low; that even in areas where there are many jobs, black youths get relatively few of them; that the perceived risks and rewards of crime affect decisions to work or to engage in illegal activity; and that churchgoing and aspirations affect the success of black youths in finding employment. Altogether, these papers illuminate a broad range of economic and social factors which must be understood by policymakers before the black youth employment crisis can be successfully addressed.
Poverty And Policy In Post Apartheid South Africa
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Author : Haroon Bhorat
language : en
Publisher: HSRC Press
Release Date : 2006
Poverty And Policy In Post Apartheid South Africa written by Haroon Bhorat and has been published by HSRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Business & Economics categories.
The political freedoms ushered in by the post 1994 transition were seen at that time as the basis for redressing long-standing economic deprivations suffered by the majority of the population. The reduction of poverty, in all its dimensions, was the goal. The volume will be of interest to researchers, graduate students, and to the technical staff of international agencies and government ministries.
Uneven Urbanscape
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Author : Paul M. Ong
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2019-05-16
Uneven Urbanscape written by Paul M. Ong and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-16 with Business & Economics categories.
Uneven Urbanscape draws on decades of empirical research to examine ethnoracial disparity in urban Los Angeles.
Prismatic Metropolis
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Author : Lawrence D. Bobo
language : en
Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation
Release Date : 2000-11-02
Prismatic Metropolis written by Lawrence D. Bobo and has been published by Russell Sage Foundation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-11-02 with Social Science categories.
This book cuts through the powerful mythology surrounding Los Angeles to reveal the causes of inequality in a city that has weathered rapid population change, economic restructuring, and fractious ethnic relations. The sources of disadvantage and the means of getting ahead differ greatly among the city's myriad ethnic groups. The demand for unskilled labor is stronger here than in other cities, allowing Los Angeles's large population of immigrant workers with little education to find work in light manufacturing and low-paid service jobs. A less beneficial result of this trend is the increased marginalization of the city's low-skilled black workers, who do not enjoy the extended ethnic networks of many of the new immigrant groups and who must contend with persistent negative racial stereotypes. Patterns of residential segregation are also more diffuse in Los Angeles, with many once-black neighborhoods now split evenly between blacks, Hispanics, Asians, and other minorities. Inequality in Los Angeles cannot be reduced to a simple black-white divide. Nonetheless, in this thoroughly multicultural city, race remains a crucial factor shaping economic fortunes. A Volume in the Multi-City Study of Urban Inequality
Urban Socio Economic Segregation And Income Inequality
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Author : Maarten van Ham
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-03-29
Urban Socio Economic Segregation And Income Inequality written by Maarten van Ham and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-29 with Science categories.
This open access book investigates the link between income inequality and socio-economic residential segregation in 24 large urban regions in Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America. It offers a unique global overview of segregation trends based on case studies by local author teams. The book shows important global trends in segregation, and proposes a Global Segregation Thesis. Rising inequalities lead to rising levels of socio-economic segregation almost everywhere in the world. Levels of inequality and segregation are higher in cities in lower income countries, but the growth in inequality and segregation is faster in cities in high-income countries. This is causing convergence of segregation trends. Professionalisation of the workforce is leading to changing residential patterns. High-income workers are moving to city centres or to attractive coastal areas and gated communities, while poverty is increasingly suburbanising. As a result, the urban geography of inequality changes faster and is more pronounced than changes in segregation levels. Rising levels of inequality and segregation pose huge challenges for the future social sustainability of cities, as cities are no longer places of opportunities for all.