State Of The Art And Future Developments In Natural Gas Engine Technologies
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State Of The Art And Future Developments In Natural Gas Engine Technologies
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Author : M. Dunn
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
State Of The Art And Future Developments In Natural Gas Engine Technologies written by M. Dunn and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with categories.
Current, state of the art natural gas engines provide the lowest emission commercial technology for use in medium heavy duty vehicles. NOx emission levels are 25 to 50% lower than state of the art diesel engines and PM levels are 90% lower than non-filter equipped diesels. Yet, in common with diesel engines, natural gas engines are challenged to become even cleaner and more efficient to meet environmental and end-user demands. Cummins Westport is developing two streams of technologies to achieve these goals for medium-heavy and heavy-heavy duty applications. For medium-heavy duty applications, lowest possible emissions are sought on SI engines without significant increase in complexity and with improvements in efficiency and BMEP. The selected path builds on the capabilities of the CWI Plus technology and recent diesel engine advances in NOx controls, providing potential to reduce emissions to 2010 values in an accelerated manner and without the use of Selective Catalytic Reduction or NOx Storage and Reduction technology. For heavy-heavy duty applications where high torque and fuel economy are of prime concern, the Westport-Cycle{trademark} technology is in field trial. This technology incorporates High Pressure Direct Injection (HPDI{trademark}) of natural gas with a diesel pilot ignition source. Both fuels are delivered through a single, dual common rail injector. The operating cycle is entirely unthrottled and maintains the high compression ratio of a diesel engine. As a result of burning 95% natural gas rather than diesel fuel, NOx emissions are halved and PM is reduced by around 70%. High levels of EGR can be applied while maintaining high combustion efficiency, resulting in extremely low NOx potential. Some recent studies have indicated that DPF-equipped diesels emit less nanoparticles than some natural gas vehicles [1]. It must be understood that the ultrafine particles emitted from SI natural gas engines are generally accepted to consist predominantly of VOCs [2], and that lubricating oil is a major contributor. Fitting an oxidation catalyst to the natural gas engine leads to a reduction in nanoparticles emissions in comparison to engines without aftertreatment [2,3,4]. In 2001, the Cummins Westport Plus technology was introduced with the C Gas Plus engine, a popular choice for transit bus applications. This incorporates drive by wire, fully integrated, closed loop electronic controls and a standard oxidation catalyst for all applications. The B Gas Plus and the B Propane Plus engines, with application in shuttle and school buses were launched in 2002 and 2003. The gas-specific oxidation catalyst operates in concert with an optimized ring-pack and liner combination to reduce total particulate mass below 0.01g/bhphr, combat ultrafine particles and control VOC emissions.
Natural Gas Engines
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Author : Kalyan Kumar Srinivasan
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-11-03
Natural Gas Engines written by Kalyan Kumar Srinivasan and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-03 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book covers the various advanced reciprocating combustion engine technologies that utilize natural gas and alternative fuels for transportation and power generation applications. It is divided into three major sections consisting of both fundamental and applied technologies to identify (but not limited to) clean, high-efficiency opportunities with natural gas fueling that have been developed through experimental protocols, numerical and high-performance computational simulations, and zero-dimensional, multizone combustion simulations. Particular emphasis is placed on statutes to monitor fine particulate emissions from tailpipe of engines operating on natural gas and alternative fuels.
Development Of A Direct Injected Natural Gas Engine System For Heavy Duty Vehicles
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Development Of A Direct Injected Natural Gas Engine System For Heavy Duty Vehicles written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with categories.
The transportation sector accounts for approximately 65% of US petroleum consumption. Consumption for light-duty vehicles has stabilized in the last 10--15 years; however, consumption in the heavy-duty sector has continued to increase. For various reasons, the US must reduce its dependence on petroleum. One significant way is to substitute alternative fuels (natural gas, propane, alcohols, and others) in place of petroleum fuels in heavy-duty applications. Most alternative fuels have the additional benefit of reduced exhaust emissions relative to petroleum fuels, thus providing a cleaner environment. The best long-term technology for heavy-duty alternative fuel engines is the 4-stroke cycle, direct injected (DI) engine using a single fuel. This DI, single fuel approach maximizes the substitution of alternative fuel for diesel and retains the thermal efficiency and power density of the diesel engine. This report summarizes the results of the first year (Phase 1) of this contract. Phase 1 focused on developing a 4-stroke cycle, DI single fuel, alternative fuel technology that will duplicate or exceed diesel power density and thermal efficiency, while having exhaust emissions equal to or less than the diesel. Although the work is currently on a 3500 Series DING engine, the work is viewed as a basic technology development that can be applied to any engine. Phase 1 concentrated on DING engine component durability, exhaust emissions, and fuel handling system durability. Task 1 focused on identifying primary areas (e.g., ignition assist and gas injector systems) for future durability testing. In Task 2, eight mode-cycle-averaged NO(subscript x) emissions were reduced from 11.8 gm/hp-hr (baseline conditions) to 2.5 gm/hp-hr (modified conditions) on a 3501 DING engine. In Task 3, a state-of-the-art fuel handling system was identified.
Catalytic Air Pollution Control
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Author : Ronald M. Heck
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2012-04-02
Catalytic Air Pollution Control written by Ronald M. Heck and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-04-02 with Science categories.
Catalytic Air Pollution Control: Commercial Technology is the primary source for commercial catalytic air pollution control technology, offering engineers a comprehensive account of all modern catalytic technology. This Third Edition covers all the new advances in technology in automotive catalyst control technology, diesel engine catalyst control technology, small engine catalyst control technology, and alternate sustainable fuels for auto and diesel.
Status Of Natural Gas Vehicle Research Development And Demonstration
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Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Energy
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
Status Of Natural Gas Vehicle Research Development And Demonstration written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Energy and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Mechanical And Aerospace Engineering Icmae2011
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Author : Wu Fan
language : en
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications Ltd
Release Date : 2011-10-24
Mechanical And Aerospace Engineering Icmae2011 written by Wu Fan and has been published by Trans Tech Publications Ltd this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-10-24 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Volume is indexed by Thomson Reuters CPCI-S (WoS). These proceedings comprise fully-refereed papers presented at the conference. The main conference theme was Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, and the main goal of the event was to provide an international scientific forum for the exchange of new ideas in a number of fields and for in-depth discussions with peers from around the world. Core areas of mechanical and aerospace engineering are covered, together with multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary research and applications; thus making the work an excellent guide to those topics.
Small Engine Technology
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
Small Engine Technology written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Current Abstracts
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
Current Abstracts written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Biomass energy categories.
New Technologies For Old Fuels
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Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology. Subcommittee on Fossil and Nuclear Energy Research, Development, and Demonstration
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1977
New Technologies For Old Fuels written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology. Subcommittee on Fossil and Nuclear Energy Research, Development, and Demonstration and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1977 with Coal gasification categories.
The Leapfrog Factor
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Author : Anumita Roychowdhury
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
The Leapfrog Factor written by Anumita Roychowdhury and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Air categories.
Includes transcript of papers presented during a CSE conference held in New Delhi from March 30-April 1, 2004.