State Responses To Nuclear Proliferation

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State Responses To Nuclear Proliferation

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Author : Brian K. Chappell
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-01-07

State Responses To Nuclear Proliferation written by Brian K. Chappell and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-01-07 with Political Science categories.

Contemporary fears of rogue state nuclear proliferation and nuclear terrorism pose unique challenges for the global community. This book offers a unique approach by examining why states that have the military capability to severely damage a proliferating state’s nuclear program instead choose to pursue coercive diplomacy. The author argues cognitive psychological influences, including the trauma derived from national tragedies like the September 11th attacks and the Holocaust, and a history of armed conflict increase the threat perceptions of foreign policy decision-makers when confronting a state perceived to be challenging the existing power structure by pursuing a nuclear weapon. The powerful state’s degree of perceived threat, combined with its national security policies, military power projection capabilities, and public support then influence whether it will take no action, use coercive diplomacy/sanctions, or employ military force to address the weaker state’s nuclear ambitions.

The Differential Effects Of Threat Perception

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Author : Brian Keith Chappell
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014

The Differential Effects Of Threat Perception written by Brian Keith Chappell and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Nuclear nonproliferation categories.

Contemporary fears of rogue state nuclear proliferation and nuclear terrorism pose unique challenges for the global community. North Korea continues nuclear testing and ballistic missile launches, the Pakistan-India rivalry has teetered on the brink of nuclear war, and Iran challenges the provisions of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty by enriching uranium beyond levels required for civilian use. Additionally, terrorist organizations such as al Qaeda have stated their desire to acquire a nuclear weapon. Adding to this conundrum is the international black market of nuclear technology and material marketed by the A.Q. Khan Network. In the face of these challenges, the United States and Israel are the most vocal opponents of further Middle East proliferation. Even so, historically they have responded differently to the same proliferation cases. In the past thirty years, three Middle Eastern states reached significant milestones towards acquiring a nuclear weapon. In three of the four cases - Iraq 1981, Iraq 2003 and Syria 2007 - either the United States or Israel bombed the country suspected of proliferation, while the other has either taken no action or used coercive diplomacy as a proliferation policy. In the fourth case of Iran 2011, the United States is pursuing coercive diplomacy while Israel is threatening military action to halt Iran's uranium enrichment. The current proliferation literature does not adequately account for these variations in powerful state responses. This study seeks to fill this gap in the literature by examining why states that have the capability to severely damage a proliferating state's nuclear program instead choose to pursue coercive diplomacy. Alternatively, they take no action whatsoever or use military force. This study examines the United States and Israel's responses to the four most advanced cases of proliferation by Middle Eastern states - Iraq 1981, Iraq 2003, Syria 2007 and Iran 2011 - to determine whether and how their differing situations influenced their threat perceptions and responses to proliferation. The dissertation argues that state-level analysis is most effective in determining the variations in individual state perceptions and proliferation responses. Consequently, the dissertation argues that cognitive psychological influences, national security policies and military capabilities are the causal mechanisms that influence variations in threat perceptions and the subsequent response to nuclear proliferation.

Nuclear Proliferation

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Author : United States. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1975

Nuclear Proliferation written by United States. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1975 with Nuclear disarmament categories.

The Coming Crisis

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Author : Victor A. Utgoff
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2000

The Coming Crisis written by Victor A. Utgoff and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with History categories.

How will continued proliferation of nuclear weapons change the global political order? This collection of essays comes to conclusions at odds with the conventional wisdom. Stephen Rosen and Barry Posen explore how nuclear proliferation may affect US incentives to confront regional aggression. Stephen Walt argues that regional allies will likely prove willing to stand with a strong and ready United States against nuclear-backed aggression. George Quester and Brad Roberts examine long-term strategic objectives in responding to nuclear attack by a regional aggressor. Richard Betts highlights the potential for disastrous mistakes in moving toward and living in a world heavily populated with nuclear-armed states. Scott Sagan explains how the nuclear nonproliferation policies best suited to some states can spur proliferation by others. Caroline Ziemke shows how the analysis of a state's strategic personality can provide insights into why it might want nuclear weapons and how its policies may develop once it gets them. And, Victor Utgoff concludes that the United States seems more likely to intervene against regional aggression when the aggressor has nuclear weapons than when it does not.

Nuclear Proliferation And International Order

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Author : Olav Njølstad
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2010-09-13

Nuclear Proliferation And International Order written by Olav Njølstad and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-09-13 with History categories.

This book examines the state of the nuclear non-proliferation regime and the issues it faces in the early 21st century. Despite the fact that most countries in the world have signed the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) there is growing concern that the NPT is in serious trouble and may not be able to stop the further spread of nuclear weapons. If so, international stability will be undermined, with potentially disastrous consequences, and the vision of a nuclear weapon-free world will become utterly unrealistic. More specifically, the NPT is exposed to four main challenges, explored in this book: challenges from outside, as three countries that have not signed the Treaty – Israel, India and Pakistan – are known to possess nuclear weapons; challenges from within, as some countries that have signed on to the Treaty as non-nuclear weapons states have nevertheless developed or are suspected to be trying to develop nuclear weapons (North Korea and Iran being cases in point); challenges from below in the shape of terrorists and other non-state actors who may want to acquire radioactive materials or even nuclear weapons; and, finally, challenges from above due to the perceived failure of the five legal nuclear weapons states to keep their part of the ‘double bargain’ made by the parties of the NPT and take serious steps towards nuclear disarmament. This book will be of much interest to students of nuclear proliferation, international security, war and conflict studies and IR in general.

Industry S Response To The Accident At Three Mile Island United States Nonproliferation Policy

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Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. Subcommittee on Energy and the Environment
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1980

Industry S Response To The Accident At Three Mile Island United States Nonproliferation Policy written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. Subcommittee on Energy and the Environment and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with Nuclear power plants categories.

The Proliferation Puzzle

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Author : Zachary S. Davis
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-12-01

The Proliferation Puzzle written by Zachary S. Davis and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-01 with History categories.

Originally published in 1993, this volume was unique in its scope and approach: Unlike most literature on nuclear weapons proliferation at the time, the essays in this volume offer theoretical discussions and suggest testable hypotheses about the causes and effects of nuclear weapons proliferation. The proliferation of nuclear weapons is an ideal subject for social science scholarship, and such scholarship is especially timely now. Among the topics discussed in The Proliferation Puzzle are: The building of nuclear weapons is a complex task touching upon many of the subjects of study at the core of social science and international relations. Nuclear weapons may be acquired as a hedge against external threat, for reasons of national prestige, or as a result of pressures by domestic coalitions among scientists, bureaucrats, and the military. They may be sought for defensive purposes or to support hegemonic aspirations. Nuclear weapons also raise questions about civilian command and control, especially in crisis situations. During the last two decades the acquisition of nuclear weapons has been proscribed by the non-proliferation regime. The decisions countries made about acquiring these weapons and the manner they chose to build them serve as a test of the efficacy of this particular regime, and of international regimes more generally. Nuclear weapons were introduced at the time bipolarity became the international order. As the world moves away from bipolarity, there is a need to answer questions such as: What would be the effect of nuclear weapons in a multipolar order? How will the spread of nuclear weapons affect the distribution of capabilities among states? If nuclear weapons spread to additional countries, will they enhance stability or exacerbate instability? Can the spread of these weapons be managed or controlled? This book brings together scholars from different schools within international relations and the social sciences to address the question of why nuclear weapons spread. A disciplined, rigorous examination of proliferation is important not only for scholarship but also for informed policymaking. The purpose of social science is to formulate hypotheses and devise theories that advance our understanding of society and aid in the fashioning of enlightened policy. The essays in this volume show how explicit hypotheses about the causes and consequences of nuclear weapons proliferation provide a deeper understanding of the problem and suggest specific, theory-informed policy recommendations.

Radical Responses To Radical Regimes

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Author : Barry R. Schneider
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date : 1995

Radical Responses To Radical Regimes written by Barry R. Schneider and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Biological weapons categories.

Contents: the defense counter-proliferation initiative; the spread of weapons of mass destruction; responding to radical proliferators; history's lessons for preemptive counter-proliferation decisions (preventing Nazi A-Bombs; bombardment of Tokyo's nuclear reactor; Israel's Osirak attack; India thwarts Israeli destruction of Pakistan's Islamic BombÓ; Iraq destroys Iran's Bushehr Reactor; lessons of the Gulf War; the missile crisis: an air strike deferred); dealing with a potential Nuclear HitlerÓ; the proliferation challenge of North Korea.

Nuclear Proliferation And Civilian Nuclear Power

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Author : United States. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1980

Nuclear Proliferation And Civilian Nuclear Power written by United States. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with Nuclear energy categories.

Non Proliferation

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Author : Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-11-19

Non Proliferation written by Stockholm International Peace Research Institute and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-19 with History categories.

Is the appearance of new nuclear weapon states inevitable? Who are the sponsors and apologists of nuclear weapons, and why are others in favour of renouncing them? What are the implications for international security of the increasingly wide use of nuclear energy? How can nuclear threats be defused? Originally published in 1985, SIPRI's study suggests some answers to these questions. The book examines the situation in a number of countries of key importance for non-proliferation: the two nuclear-weapon states which have declined to join the 1968 Non-Proliferation Treaty (China and France); a group of nuclear ‘threshold’ states also remaining outside the Treaty (Argentina, Brazil, India, Israel, Pakistan, South Africa and Spain); and a group of states, both developed and developing, which for various reasons have joined the Treaty (Canada, Egypt, South Korea, Sweden, Switzerland and Taiwan). The focus of the book is on motivations for and against nuclear proliferation. An analysis of these motivations leads the editor to make detailed recommendations aimed at halting the spread of nuclear weapons. Appendices include a list of nuclear facilities in the countries studied, specifying the degree of their coverage by international controls, and other relevant documentation.