Statistical Analysis In Forensic Science

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Statistics And Probability In Forensic Anthropology

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Author : Zuzana Obertová
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2020-07-28

Statistics And Probability In Forensic Anthropology written by Zuzana Obertová and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-28 with Law categories.

Statistics and Probability in Forensic Anthropology provides a practical guide for forensic scientists, primarily anthropologists and pathologists, on how to design studies, how to choose and apply statistical approaches, and how to interpret statistical outcomes in the forensic practice. As with other forensic, medical and biological disciplines, statistics have become increasingly important in forensic anthropology and legal medicine, but there is not a single book, which specifically addresses the needs of forensic anthropologists in relation to the research undertaken in the field and the interpretation of research outcomes and case findings within the setting of legal proceedings. The book includes the application of both frequentist and Bayesian statistics in relation to topics relevant for the research and the interpretation of findings in forensic anthropology, as well as general chapters on study design and statistical approaches addressing measurement errors and reliability. Scientific terminology understandable to students and advanced practitioners of forensic anthropology, pathology and related disciplines is used throughout. Additionally, Statistics and Probability in Forensic Anthropology facilitates sufficient understanding of the statistical procedures and data interpretation based on statistical outcomes and models, which helps the reader confidently present their work within the forensic context, either in the form of case reports for legal purposes or as research publications for the scientific community. - Contains the application of both frequentist and Bayesian statistics in relation to topics relevant for forensic anthropology research and the interpretation of findings - Provides examples of study designs and their statistical solutions, partly following the layout of scientific manuscripts on common topics in the field - Includes scientific terminology understandable to students and advanced practitioners of forensic anthropology, legal medicine and related disciplines

Essential Mathematics And Statistics For Forensic Science

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Author : Craig Adam
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2011-09-20

Essential Mathematics And Statistics For Forensic Science written by Craig Adam and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-09-20 with Medical categories.

This text is an accessible, student-friendly introduction to the wide range of mathematical and statistical tools needed by the forensic scientist in the analysis, interpretation and presentation of experimental measurements. From a basis of high school mathematics, the book develops essential quantitative analysis techniques within the context of a broad range of forensic applications. This clearly structured text focuses on developing core mathematical skills together with an understanding of the calculations associated with the analysis of experimental work, including an emphasis on the use of graphs and the evaluation of uncertainties. Through a broad study of probability and statistics, the reader is led ultimately to the use of Bayesian approaches to the evaluation of evidence within the court. In every section, forensic applications such as ballistics trajectories, post-mortem cooling, aspects of forensic pharmacokinetics, the matching of glass evidence, the formation of bloodstains and the interpretation of DNA profiles are discussed and examples of calculations are worked through. In every chapter there are numerous self-assessment problems to aid student learning. Its broad scope and forensically focused coverage make this book an essential text for students embarking on any degree course in forensic science or forensic analysis, as well as an invaluable reference for post-graduate students and forensic professionals. Key features: Offers a unique mix of mathematics and statistics topics, specifically tailored to a forensic science undergraduate degree. All topics illustrated with examples from the forensic science discipline. Written in an accessible, student-friendly way to engage interest and enhance learning and confidence. Assumes only a basic high-school level prior mathematical knowledge.

Statistics And The Evaluation Of Evidence For Forensic Scientists

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Author : Colin Aitken
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2004-08-13

Statistics And The Evaluation Of Evidence For Forensic Scientists written by Colin Aitken and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-08-13 with Mathematics categories.

The first edition of Statistics and the Evaluation of Evidence for Forensic Scientists established itself as a highly regarded authority on this area. Fully revised and updated, the second edition provides significant new material on areas of current interest including: Glass Interpretation Fibres Interpretation Bayes’ Nets The title presents comprehensive coverage of the statistical evaluation of forensic evidence. It is written with the assumption of a modest mathematical background and is illustrated throughout with up-to-date examples from a forensic science background. The clarity of exposition makes this book ideal for all forensic scientists, lawyers and other professionals in related fields interested in the quantitative assessment and evaluation of evidence. 'There can be no doubt that the appreciation of some evidence in a court of law has been greatly enhanced by the sound use of statistical ideas and one can be confident that the next decade will see further developments, during which time this book will admirably serve those who have cause to use statistics in forensic science.' D.V. Lindley

The Evaluation Of Forensic Dna Evidence

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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1996-12-12

The Evaluation Of Forensic Dna Evidence written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-12-12 with Science categories.

In 1992 the National Research Council issued DNA Technology in Forensic Science, a book that documented the state of the art in this emerging field. Recently, this volume was brought to worldwide attention in the murder trial of celebrity O. J. Simpson. The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence reports on developments in population genetics and statistics since the original volume was published. The committee comments on statements in the original book that proved controversial or that have been misapplied in the courts. This volume offers recommendations for handling DNA samples, performing calculations, and other aspects of using DNA as a forensic toolâ€"modifying some recommendations presented in the 1992 volume. The update addresses two major areas: Determination of DNA profiles. The committee considers how laboratory errors (particularly false matches) can arise, how errors might be reduced, and how to take into account the fact that the error rate can never be reduced to zero. Interpretation of a finding that the DNA profile of a suspect or victim matches the evidence DNA. The committee addresses controversies in population genetics, exploring the problems that arise from the mixture of groups and subgroups in the American population and how this substructure can be accounted for in calculating frequencies. This volume examines statistical issues in interpreting frequencies as probabilities, including adjustments when a suspect is found through a database search. The committee includes a detailed discussion of what its recommendations would mean in the courtroom, with numerous case citations. By resolving several remaining issues in the evaluation of this increasingly important area of forensic evidence, this technical update will be important to forensic scientists and population geneticistsâ€"and helpful to attorneys, judges, and others who need to understand DNA and the law. Anyone working in laboratories and in the courts or anyone studying this issue should own this book.

Dna Technology In Forensic Science

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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1992-02-01

Dna Technology In Forensic Science written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992-02-01 with Science categories.

Matching DNA samples from crime scenes and suspects is rapidly becoming a key source of evidence for use in our justice system. DNA Technology in Forensic Science offers recommendations for resolving crucial questions that are emerging as DNA typing becomes more widespread. The volume addresses key issues: Quality and reliability in DNA typing, including the introduction of new technologies, problems of standardization, and approaches to certification. DNA typing in the courtroom, including issues of population genetics, levels of understanding among judges and juries, and admissibility. Societal issues, such as privacy of DNA data, storage of samples and data, and the rights of defendants to quality testing technology. Combining this original volume with the new update-The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence-provides the complete, up-to-date picture of this highly important and visible topic. This volume offers important guidance to anyone working with this emerging law enforcement tool: policymakers, specialists in criminal law, forensic scientists, geneticists, researchers, faculty, and students.

Probability And Forensic Evidence

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Author : Ronald Meester
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2021-04-08

Probability And Forensic Evidence written by Ronald Meester and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-04-08 with Law categories.

A self-contained examination of all aspects of statistical evidence evaluation in forensic science, from theory to concrete applications.

Statistical Techniques For Forensic Accounting

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Author : Saurav K. Dutta
language : en
Publisher: Pearson Education
Release Date : 2013

Statistical Techniques For Forensic Accounting written by Saurav K. Dutta and has been published by Pearson Education this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Business & Economics categories.

Fraud or misrepresentation often creates patterns of error within complex financial data. The discipline of statistics has developed sophisticated techniques and well-accepted tools for uncovering these patterns and demonstrating that they are the result of deliberate malfeasance. Statistical Techniques for Forensic Accounting is the first comprehensive guide to these tools and techniques: understanding their mathematical underpinnings, using them properly, and effectively communicating findings to non-experts. Dr. Saurav Dutta, one of the field's leading experts, has been engaged as an expert in many of the world's highest-profile fraud cases, including Worldcom, Global Crossing, Cendant, and HealthSouth. Now, he covers everything forensic accountants, auditors, investigators, and litigators need to know to use these tools and interpret others' use of them. Coverage includes: Exploratory data analysis: identifying the "Fraud Triangle" and other red flags Data mining: tools, usage, and limitations Traditional statistical terms and methods applicable to forensic accounting Uncertainty and probability theories and their forensic implications Bayesian analysis and networks Statistical inference, sampling, sample size, estimation, regression, correlation, classification, and prediction How to construct and conduct valid and defensible statistical tests How to articulate and effectively communicate findings to other interested and knowledgeable parties

Forensic Analysis On The Cutting Edge

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Author : Robert D. Blackledge
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2007-07-16

Forensic Analysis On The Cutting Edge written by Robert D. Blackledge and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-07-16 with Science categories.

This title brings forensic scientists and chemists up-to-date on the latest instrumental methods for analysing trace evidence, including mass spectrometry, image analysis, DIOS-MS, ELISA characterization, statistical validation, and others. Illustrates comparative analysis of trace evidence by both old and new methods. Explains why some newer methods are superior to older, established methods. Includes chapters on analysis of DNA, ink, dyes, glitter, gun powder traces, condom trace evidence, footwear impressions, toolmark impressions, surveillance videos, glass particles, and dirt. Discusses applications such as mass spectrometry, image analysis, desorption-ionization on silicon mass spectrometry (DIOS-MS), ELISA characterization, and statistical validation.

The Use Of Statistics In Forensic Science

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Author : C. G. G. Aitken
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1991-10-31

The Use Of Statistics In Forensic Science written by C. G. G. Aitken and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-10-31 with Law categories.

Describes ways of assessing forensic science evidence and the means of communicating the assessment to a court of law. The aim of this work is to ensure that the courts consider seriously the probability of the evidence of association.

Statistical Analysis In Forensic Science

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Author : Grzegorz Zadora
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2014-02-03

Statistical Analysis In Forensic Science written by Grzegorz Zadora and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-03 with Mathematics categories.

A practical guide for determining the evidential value of physicochemical data Microtraces of various materials (e.g. glass, paint, fibres, and petroleum products) are routinely subjected to physicochemical examination by forensic experts, whose role is to evaluate such physicochemical data in the context of the prosecution and defence propositions. Such examinations return various kinds of information, including quantitative data. From the forensic point of view, the most suitable way to evaluate evidence is the likelihood ratio. This book provides a collection of recent approaches to the determination of likelihood ratios and describes suitable software, with documentation and examples of their use in practice. The statistical computing and graphics software environment R, pre-computed Bayesian networks using Hugin Researcher and a new package, calcuLatoR, for the computation of likelihood ratios are all explored. Statistical Analysis in Forensic Science will provide an invaluable practical guide for forensic experts and practitioners, forensic statisticians, analytical chemists, and chemometricians. Key features include: Description of the physicochemical analysis of forensic trace evidence. Detailed description of likelihood ratio models for determining the evidential value of multivariate physicochemical data. Detailed description of methods, such as empirical cross-entropy plots, for assessing the performance of likelihood ratio-based methods for evidence evaluation. Routines written using the open-source R software, as well as Hugin Researcher and calcuLatoR. Practical examples and recommendations for the use of all these methods in practice.