Statistical Laws In Complex Systems
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Statistical Laws In Complex Systems
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Author : Eduardo G. Altmann
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2024-12-14
Statistical Laws In Complex Systems written by Eduardo G. Altmann and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-12-14 with Computers categories.
This book provides a unifying approach to the study of statistical laws, critically evaluating their role in the theoretical understanding of complex systems and the different data-analysis methods used to evaluate them. Statistical laws describe regular patterns observed in diverse scientific domains, ranging from the magnitude of earthquakes (Gutenberg-Richter law) and metabolic rates in organisms (Kleiber's law), to the frequency distribution of words in texts (Zipf's and Herdan-Heaps' laws), and productivity metrics of cities (urban scaling laws). The origins of these laws, their empirical validity, and the insights they provide into underlying systems have been subjects of scientific inquiry for centuries. Through a historical review and a unified analysis, this book argues that the persistent controversies on the validity of statistical laws are predominantly rooted not in novel empirical findings but in the discordance among data-analysis techniques, mechanistic models, and the interpretations of statistical laws. Starting with simple examples and progressing to more advanced time-series and statistical methods, this book and its accompanying repository provide comprehensive material for researchers interested in analyzing data, testing and comparing different laws, and interpreting results in both existing and new datasets.
Chaos From Simple Models To Complex Systems
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Author : Angelo Vulpiani
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2009-09-01
Chaos From Simple Models To Complex Systems written by Angelo Vulpiani and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-09-01 with Mathematics categories.
Chaos: from simple models to complex systems aims to guide science and engineering students through chaos and nonlinear dynamics from classical examples to the most recent fields of research. The first part, intended for undergraduate and graduate students, is a gentle and self-contained introduction to the concepts and main tools for the characterization of deterministic chaotic systems, with emphasis to statistical approaches. The second part can be used as a reference by researchers as it focuses on more advanced topics including the characterization of chaos with tools of information theory and applications encompassing fluid and celestial mechanics, chemistry and biology.The book is novel in devoting attention to a few topics often overlooked in introductory textbooks and which are usually found only in advanced surveys such as: information and algorithmic complexity theory applied to chaos and generalization of Lyapunov exponents to account for spatiotemporal and non-infinitesimal perturbations.The selection of topics, numerous illustrations, exercises and proposals for computer experiments make the book ideal for both introductory and advanced courses.
Science Dynamics And Research Production
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Author : Nikolay K. Vitanov
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-08-01
Science Dynamics And Research Production written by Nikolay K. Vitanov and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-01 with Mathematics categories.
This book deals with methods to evaluate scientific productivity. In the book statistical methods, deterministic and stochastic models and numerous indexes are discussed that will help the reader to understand the nonlinear science dynamics and to be able to develop or construct systems for appropriate evaluation of research productivity and management of research groups and organizations. The dynamics of science structures and systems is complex, and the evaluation of research productivity requires a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods and measures. The book has three parts. The first part is devoted to mathematical models describing the importance of science for economic growth and systems for the evaluation of research organizations of different size. The second part contains descriptions and discussions of numerous indexes for the evaluation of the productivity of researchers and groups of researchers of different size (up to the comparison of research productivities of research communities of nations). Part three contains discussions of non-Gaussian laws connected to scientific productivity and presents various deterministic and stochastic models of science dynamics and research productivity. The book shows that many famous fat tail distributions as well as many deterministic and stochastic models and processes, which are well known from physics, theory of extreme events or population dynamics, occur also in the description of dynamics of scientific systems and in the description of the characteristics of research productivity. This is not a surprise as scientific systems are nonlinear, open and dissipative.
Foundations Of Complex System Theories
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Author : Sunny Y. Auyang
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1998
Foundations Of Complex System Theories written by Sunny Y. Auyang and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Business & Economics categories.
Analyzes approaches to the study of complexity in the physical, biological, and social sciences.
Science Matters Humanities As Complex Systems
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Author : Maria Burguete
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2008-11-26
Science Matters Humanities As Complex Systems written by Maria Burguete and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-11-26 with Science categories.
All earnest and honest human quests for knowledge are efforts to understand Nature, which includes both human and nonhuman systems, the objects of study in science. Thus, broadly speaking, all these quests are in the science domain. The methods and tools used may be different; for example, the literary people use mainly their bodily sensors and their brain as the information processor, while natural scientists may use, in addition, measuring instruments and computers. Yet, all these activities could be viewed in a unified perspective — they are scientific developments at varying stages of maturity and have a lot to learn from each other.That “everything in Nature is part of science” was well recognized by Aristotle, da Vinci and many others. Yet, it is only recently, with the advent of modern science and experiences gathered in the study of statistical physics, complex systems and other disciplines, that we know how the human-related disciplines can be studied scientifically.Science Matters is about all human-dependent knowledge, wherein humans (the material system of Homo sapiens) are studied scientifically from the perspective of complex systems. It includes all the topics covered in the humanities and social sciences. Containing contributions from knowledgeable humanists, social scientists and physicists, the book is intended for those — from artists to scientists — who are curious about the world and are interested in understanding it with a unified perspective.
Dynamical And Complex Systems
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Author : Shaun Bullett
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2016-12-22
Dynamical And Complex Systems written by Shaun Bullett and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-12-22 with Mathematics categories.
This book leads readers from a basic foundation to an advanced level understanding of dynamical and complex systems. It is the perfect text for graduate or PhD mathematical-science students looking for support in topics such as applied dynamical systems, Lotka-Volterra dynamical systems, applied dynamical systems theory, dynamical systems in cosmology, aperiodic order, and complex systems dynamics.Dynamical and Complex Systems is the fifth volume of the LTCC Advanced Mathematics Series. This series is the first to provide advanced introductions to mathematical science topics to advanced students of mathematics. Edited by the three joint heads of the London Taught Course Centre for PhD Students in the Mathematical Sciences (LTCC), each book supports readers in broadening their mathematical knowledge outside of their immediate research disciplines while also covering specialized key areas.
Word Frequency Distributions
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Author : R. Harald Baayen
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2001-07-31
Word Frequency Distributions written by R. Harald Baayen and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-07-31 with Computers categories.
This book is a comprehensive introduction to the statistical analysis of word frequency distributions, intended for computational linguists, corpus linguists, psycholinguists, and researchers in the field of quantitative stylistics. It aims to make these techniques more accessible for non-specialists, both theoretically, by means of a careful introduction to the underlying probabilistic and statistical concepts, and practically, by providing a program library implementing the main models for word frequency distributions.
Foundations Of Complex System Theories
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Author : Sunny Y. Auyang
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Foundations Of Complex System Theories written by Sunny Y. Auyang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Science categories.
Analyzes approaches to the study of complexity in the physical, biological, and social sciences.
Stochastic Transport In Complex Systems
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Author : Andreas Schadschneider
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2010-10-01
Stochastic Transport In Complex Systems written by Andreas Schadschneider and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-10-01 with Science categories.
The first part of the book provides a pedagogical introduction to the physics of complex systems driven far from equilibrium. In this part we discuss the basic concepts and theoretical techniques which are commonly used to study classical stochastic transport in systems of interacting driven particles. The analytical techniques include mean-field theories, matrix product ansatz, renormalization group, etc. and the numerical methods are mostly based on computer simulations. In the second part of the book these concepts and techniques are applied not only to vehicular traffic but also to transport and traffic-like phenomena in living systems ranging from collective movements of social insects (for example, ants) on trails to intracellular molecular motor transport. These demonstrate the conceptual unity of the fundamental principles underlying the apparent diversity of the systems and the utility of the theoretical toolbox of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics in interdisciplinary research far beyond the traditional disciplinary boundaries of physics. - Leading industry experts provide a broad overview of the interdisciplinary nature of physics - Presents unified descriptions of intracellular, ant, and vehicular traffic from a physics point of view - Applies theoretical methods in practical everyday situations - Reference and guide for physicists, engineers and graduate students
Compendium Of Urban Complexity
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Author : Diego Rybski
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2025-07-18
Compendium Of Urban Complexity written by Diego Rybski and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-07-18 with Science categories.
This book brings together key findings, insights, and theories at the intersection of two disciplines – city science and complex systems. It features a curated collection of chapters contributed by emerging scholars conducting cutting-edge research in complexity science, interdisciplinary physics, and quantitative geography. The compendium is tailored to a thematically diverse audience, spanning quantitative fields such as statistical and mathematical physics, as well as socially-focused domains such as geography and urban planning. By integrating novel methods and insights from physics, economics, and geography, this book aims at an interdisciplinary spectrum of graduate students and academic researchers studying cities as complex systems.