Strategische Netzwerkgestaltung In Der Prozessindustrie
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Strategische Netzwerkgestaltung In Der Prozessindustrie
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Author : Anne Schatka
language : de
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Release Date : 2011-04-11
Strategische Netzwerkgestaltung In Der Prozessindustrie written by Anne Schatka and has been published by Springer-Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-04-11 with Business & Economics categories.
Anne Schatka entwickelt ein Planungstool zur integrierten Technologie-, Kapazitäts- und Standortplanung für die Produktion von synthetischen Biokraftstoffen.
Logistics Management
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Author : Jan Dethloff
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-12-30
Logistics Management written by Jan Dethloff and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-30 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book gathers papers presented at the Logistik-Management-Konferenz 2013, which was organized by the VHB Wissenschaftliche Kommission Logistik and held in Bremen, Germany. The papers reflect the current state-of-the-art in logistics and supply chain management, focusing on environmental sustainability in logistics and supply chain network dynamics and control. The target audience primarily consists of researchers and practitioners in the field, but the book may also be beneficial for graduate students.
Optimization Of Biomass To Liquid Plant Setups And Capacity Using Nonlinear Programming
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Author : Lars-Peter Lauven
language : en
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
Release Date : 2011-10-12
Optimization Of Biomass To Liquid Plant Setups And Capacity Using Nonlinear Programming written by Lars-Peter Lauven and has been published by Cuvillier Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-10-12 with Business & Economics categories.
Potentially rising oil prices caused by an increasing relative scarcity of mineral oil have farreaching consequences for the transportation sector, the chemical industry and mineral oil companies in particular. As national laws in Germany require biofuels to be mixed into conventional fuel to an increasing extend (BioKraftQuG 2009), mineral oil companies need to identify economically competitive as well as technically feasible biofuel production processes to meet these requirements. A first generation of biofuels was introduced on a large scale but has been criticized for competing with the agricultural production of food and for yielding relatively modest quantities of fuel per hectare of agricultural land. For this reason, 2nd generation biofuel production pathways such as Biomass-to-Liquid (BtL), which convert lignocellulosic material into liquid hydrocarbons using Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, have been developed. While 2nd generation biofuels are superior to their 1st generation counterparts from a yield-per-hectare-perspective and cause less competition for agricultural soils, a significant disadvantage is the considerable investment required for the construction of Biomass-to-Liquid plants. The corresponding investment-related costs affect the competitiveness of 2nd generation biofuels negatively, leaving it in doubt whether BtL fuels could become an economically viable option. A frequently discussed way to improve specific investment-related costs is to increase plant sizes to improve economies of scale. While this improvement has been realized in several conventional kinds of plants like mineral oil refineries, power plants and Coal-to-Liquid plants, the application on BtL plants is complicated by the fact that larger plants are associated with higher specific biomass transportation costs. This is because a higher biomass input requires biomass to be transported over larger distances. The unresolved antagonism between economies of scale and specific biomass transportation costs has so far hindered the realization of BtL plants. The aim of this thesis is to develop a methodology to determine optimal BtL plant sizes by taking nonlinear factors into account. The methodology is required to determine a compromise between minimizing investment-related costs by applying economies of scale and minimizing specific biomass transportation costs by keeping the required transportation distances short. The optimal plant size is however influenced by a third influencing factor. Whether it is advantageous to transport biomass over a certain distance also depends on the value of a plant’s products. Biomass-to-Liquid plants can have a variety of product compositions depending on the catalyst and reaction temperature used in the biofuel synthesis reaction. Depending on which substances are produced and which are upgraded for sale, converted into fuels or combusted for electricity generation, both the value of the products and the required investment may differ considerably. While a number of processes, including biomass treatment and gasification, as well as the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis itself, are required for all considered plant setup alternatives, the choice of upgrading equipment may result in very dissimilar plant setups. By making the capacities of the individual upgrading processes the variables of the optimization model, economies of scale, specific biomass transportation costs and the products’ value are considered simultaneously for the first time. The thesis primarily focuses on the implementation of an optimization model and its application on a variety of scenarios. These scenarios are intended to represent different plant setups and logistics concepts. In order to assess the scale of differences in profitability, the essential influencing factors determining the profitability of BtL plants were included into the model calculations. As the problem at hand is neither linear nor quadratic, it cannot be solved reliably using established solvers for these two classes of problems. Instead, several solvers designed to handle non-quadratic nonlinear multidimensional problems were applied to find the most suitable way to approach the solution of the problem. The objective function has been designed to maximize the annual profit resulting from plant construction and operation. Maximizing this annual profit is subject to a number of primarily technical constraints. These result from the mass balances of the plant, its electricity demand and the specific requirements of individual processes. In addition to securing the validity of the mass balances, these constraints also ensure that the entire Fischer-Tropsch product stream undergoes some kind of upgrading, separation or combustion treatment. The sum of all processes producing salable products is used to approximate the required capacity of the plant as a whole. The total plant capacity then serves to calculate the investment required for the other plant processes and the costs for the purchase and transportation of the required input biomass. Biomass transportation distances are approximated by the radius of an assumed circular area from which biomass is supplied to the plant. Using cost functions that divide transportation costs into fixed and variable parts makes it possible to approximate the effect of rising specific biomass transportation costs in case of increasing plant capacities. The investigated scenario calculations suggest that under the assumed circumstances, fuel oriented low-temperature Fischer-Tropsch-based BtL plants are relatively competitive as long as the tax exemptions in Germany are maintained, but become significantly less attractive without them. By contrast, the combined production of both fuels and chemicals using hightemperature Fischer-Tropsch synthesis appears to be a more promising alternative, as chemicals are expected to earn a higher income in scenarios without tax exemptions. A third option, the production of Substitute Natural Gas, appears to be relatively uncompetitive unless methane prices rise significantly. In addition to comparing the economic attractiveness of different potential product distributions, a number of concepts have been investigated which are intended to improve Biomass-to-Liquid economics. Decentralized pretreatment of biomass, e.g. through fastpyrolysis, leads to larger optimal plant capacities, but the additional investment for the pretreatment units appears to overcompensate the improved economies of scale. By contrast, the combined use of train and road transportation was not assumed to be associated with additional investments. If train transportation is indeed feasible for a given plant location and specific biomass transportation costs are lower than for road transportation, combined traffic concepts should be used whenever possible. The construction of BtL plants in conjunction with mineral oil refineries is a way to reduce investment-related costs instead of transportation costs. While the resulting savings are significant for small BtL plants, they diminish if larger plant sizes are investigated. Cogasification of biomass with another input material is another way to reduce the costly transportation of biomass over large distances. Unless technical requirements significantly increase the cost of the gasification equipment, co-gasification concepts can improve the plant’s profitability even at relatively low quantities of a second fuel. The choice of fuels is however restricted by the Renewable Energy Directive that needs to be abided by in order to ensure the eligibility for tax exemptions. In case of lignite and hard coal, fossil CO2 emissions further complicate the application of co-gasification, as Renewable Energy Directive also limits the amount of fossil CO2 that biofuel production is allowed to cause. As savings caused by such concepts depend on the relative inefficiency of the concept that they are applied on, the effect of the implementation of several improvements diminishes if these address the same cost item. In this work, the nonlinear effects of economies of scale and biomass transportation costs for increasing Biomass-to-Liquid plant capacities has been modeled on a product-upgradingprocess basis for the first time. Potential investors and plant operators of Biomass-to-Liquid plants are thus enabled to determine both the optimal plant size and the most promising choice of products in order to maximize the prospective competitiveness of the plant.
Strategische Planung Von Landfill Mining Vorhaben
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Author : Anna Breitenstein
language : de
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Release Date : 2018-04-16
Strategische Planung Von Landfill Mining Vorhaben written by Anna Breitenstein and has been published by Springer-Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-04-16 with Business & Economics categories.
Anna Breitenstein untersucht Fragestellungen zur Planung und Gestaltung von Landfill-Mining-Prozessen als Alternative zum Status quo „Deponiestilllegung und -nachsorge“. Mit Hilfe eines stoffstrombasierten ökonomischen Bewertungsmodells führt sie fundierte Analysen zu Landfill Mining in Deutschland durch und leitet Handlungsempfehlungen für Deponiebetreiber, potentielle Investoren und politische Entscheidungsträger ab. Als Haupteinflussfaktoren auf die Wirtschaftlichkeit von Landfill-Mining-Vorhaben identifiziert sie den Wert des Deponiegrundstücks sowie die Preise, die für die Verbrennung von Fraktionen in thermischen Behandlungsanlagen zu zahlen sind.
Integrierte Standort Kapazit Ts Und Technologieplanung Von Wertsch Pfungsnetzwerken Zur Stofflichen Und Energetischen Biomassenutzung
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Author : Frank Schwaderer
language : de
Publisher: KIT Scientific Publishing
Release Date : 2014-07-30
Integrierte Standort Kapazit Ts Und Technologieplanung Von Wertsch Pfungsnetzwerken Zur Stofflichen Und Energetischen Biomassenutzung written by Frank Schwaderer and has been published by KIT Scientific Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-30 with Business & Economics categories.
Die industrielle Nutzung von Biomasse als Alternative zu klassischen Kohlenstoffträgern gewinnt aus ökologischen und ökonomischen Gründen an Bedeutung. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Entwicklung und Anwendung eines strategischen Planungsmodells für biomassebasierte Wertschöpfungsnetzwerke, in dem Standorte und Kapazitäten unter Berücksichtigung von Größendegressionseffekten, verschiedener Produktionsschritte einer Prozesskette sowie entscheidungsrelevanter Energie- und Stoffströme bestimmt werden.
Standort Bergreifende Programmplanung In Flexiblen Produktionsnetzwerken Der Automobilindustrie
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Author : Kai Wittek
language : de
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Release Date : 2013-03-20
Standort Bergreifende Programmplanung In Flexiblen Produktionsnetzwerken Der Automobilindustrie written by Kai Wittek and has been published by Springer-Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-20 with Business & Economics categories.
Automobilhersteller stehen vor einem Spannungsfeld aus einerseits dynamischen Märkten mit starken Nachfrageschwankungen und andererseits hohen Investitionen für die analgenintensiven Produktionsstandorte. Um diesem Spannungsfeld zu begegnen, erhöhen die Automobilhersteller die Flexibilität in ihren Produktionsnetzwerken. Kai Wittek entwickelt vor diesem Hintergrund ein Planungssystem zur optimalen Nutzung der vorliegenden Flexibilität im Rahmen der standortübergreifenden Programmplanung. Dieses Themenfeld weist sowohl in der Praxis als auch in der Forschung eine hohe Bedeutung und Aktualität auf.
Wissenschaftssymposium Komponente Thema Energie Und Ressourceneffizienz
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Author : Werner Neubauer
language : de
Publisher: Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH
Release Date : 2015-01-15
Wissenschaftssymposium Komponente Thema Energie Und Ressourceneffizienz written by Werner Neubauer and has been published by Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-15 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Eine wachsende Weltbevölkerung sowie das Wachstum der globalen Weltwirtschaft führen zu steigenden Energie- und Rohstoffpreise sowie CO2-Emmissionen. Im produzierenden Gewerbe, auf das in Deutschland ca. 47% des Stromverbrauchs zurückgeht, ist jedoch die Nutzung von Energie und Rohstoffen unabdingbar für die wirtschaftliche Herstellung von Produkten. Aus wirtschaftlichen und umweltpolitischen Gründen kommt daher der effizienten Nutzung von Energie und Ressourcen eine immer stärkere Bedeutung zu. Die Herausforderungen aus den Anforderungen an eine nachhaltige Entwicklung dürfen jedoch nicht als Last diskutiert, sondern als Motor für Produkt- und Prozessinnovationen begriffen werden. Mit „Think Blue. Factory“ hat die Marke Volkswagen ein umfassendes Programm gestartet, dass im ersten Schritt darauf abzielt, bis 2018 in allen Werken weltweit den Verbrauch von Energie und Wasser, das Abfallaufkommen, die Menge der Lösemittel-Emissionen sowie den Ausstoß von CO2 um jeweils 25 Prozent, bezogen auf die Werte des Jahres 2010, zu senken. Eine zielgerichtete Reduzierung von Energie- und Ressourcenverbräuchen erfordert von den Akteuren ein neues Systemverständnis sowie den Einsatz geeigneter Methoden und Werkzeuge, um technische und organisatorische Effizienzmaßnahmen umzusetzen ohne Probleme nur zu verschieben. Die vorliegenden Berichte sind die Beiträge zum ersten Wissenschaftssymposium Komponente des Instituts für Produktion, Logistik und Komponente der AutoUni zum Thema Energie- und Ressourceneffizienz.
Nachhaltigkeit
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Author : Hans Corsten
language : de
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Release Date : 2012-10-31
Nachhaltigkeit written by Hans Corsten and has been published by Springer-Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-31 with Business & Economics categories.
Das Thema Nachhaltigkeit erlangt in der wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Literatur zunehmende Bedeutung. Ausgehend von dem Drei-Säulen-Modell geht es dabei um die gleichrangige Betrachtung von ökonomischen, ökologischen und sozialen Aspekten, die auch als das Magische Dreieck der Nachhaltigkeit bezeichnet werden. Der vorliegende Sammelband, der ausgewählte Beiträge des Rahmenthemas der Jahrestagung des Verbandes der Hochschullehrer für Betriebswirtschaft e.V. 2011 enthält, thematisiert ein breites und hochaktuelles Spektrum von Problembereichen der Nachhaltigkeit und stellt Diskussionsbeiträge zu folgenden Themen vor. Der Inhalt Nachhaltigkeitsstrategien Einbindung der Nachhaltigkeit in die Betriebswirtschaftslehre Nachhaltigkeits-Marketing Nachhaltige Logistik Nachhaltige Produktion Nachhaltigkeits-Berichterstattung. Der Inhalt Nachhaltigkeitsstrategien Einbindung der Nachhaltigkeit in die Betriebswirtschaftslehre Nachhaltigkeits-Marketing Nachhaltige Logistik Nachhaltige Produktion Nachhaltigkeits-Berichterstattung.
Operative Planung Der Chargenproduktion
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Author : Norbert Trautmann
language : de
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Release Date : 2015-02-27
Operative Planung Der Chargenproduktion written by Norbert Trautmann and has been published by Springer-Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-02-27 with Business & Economics categories.
Norbert Trautmann präsentiert einen zweistufigen Ansatz zur operativen Planung der Chargenproduktion auf Mehrzweckanlagen und demonstriert seine hohe Praxisrelevanz durch eine Fallstudie und ein Beispiel aus der Aluminium-Industrie.
Next Generation Supply Chains
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Author : Rosanna Fornasiero
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-12-31
Next Generation Supply Chains written by Rosanna Fornasiero and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-31 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This open access book explores supply chains strategies to help companies face challenges such as societal emergency, digitalization, climate changes and scarcity of resources. The book identifies industrial scenarios for the next decade based on the analysis of trends at social, economic, environmental technological and political level, and examines how they may impact on supply chain processes and how to design next generation supply chains to answer these challenges. By mapping enabling technologies for supply chain innovation, the book proposes a roadmap for the full implementation of the supply chain strategies based on the integration of production and logistics processes. Case studies from process industry, discrete manufacturing, distribution and logistics, as well as ICT providers are provided, and policy recommendations are put forward to support companies in this transformative process.