Stress Field Of The Earth S Crust
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Stress Field Of The Earth S Crust
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Author : Arno Zang
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-12-06
Stress Field Of The Earth S Crust written by Arno Zang and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-12-06 with Science categories.
Stress Field of the Earth’s Crust is based on lecture notes prepared for a course offered to graduate students in the Earth sciences and engineering at University of Potsdam. In my opinion, it will undoubtedly also become a standard reference book on the desk of most scientists working with rocks, such as geophysicists, structural geologists, rock mechanics experts, as well as geotechnical and petroleum en- neers. That is because this book is concerned with what is probably the most pe- liar characteristic of rock – its initial stress condition. Rock is always under a natural state of stress, primarily a result of the gravitational and tectonic forces to which it is subjected. Crustal stresses can vary regionally and locally and can reach in places considerable magnitudes, leading to natural or man-made mechanical failure. P- existing stress distinguishes rock from most other materials and is at the core of the discipline of “Rock Mechanics”, which has been developed over the last century. Knowledge of rock stress is fundamental to understanding faulting mechanisms and earthquake triggering, to designing stable underground caverns and prod- tive oil fields, and to improving mining methods and geothermal energy extraction, among others. Several books have been written on the subject, but none has atte- ted to be as all-encompassing as the one by Zang and Stephansson.
Stress Field Control Of Eruption Dynamics
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Author : Roberto Sulpizio
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2017-10-10
Stress Field Control Of Eruption Dynamics written by Roberto Sulpizio and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-10 with categories.
Increasing evidence supports the claim that stress changes play a fundamental role in triggering volcanic eruptions. Stress changes may vary in origin to include earthquakes, erosion and landslide processes, deglaciation, or tidal effects. The local stress can also change as response of magma influx from deeper reservoirs and an increase of the magma/gas pressure. The stress transfer may be of great importance in reawakening a dormant system. As an example, significant statistical correlation of large earthquakes and eruptions in time and space was suggested in many works. The interaction may be two-fold; where magma intrusions may change the stress at active faults and trigger earthquakes, while tectonic earthquakes may affect the magmatic system and change the eruption activity. The change in local tectonic stress has been claimed as trigger of large ignimbrite eruptions or for controlling the eruptive style of explosive eruptions. Sometimes volcano systems that are nested or closely located may become active in chorus; neighbouring volcanoes may interact in the sense that one volcano triggers its neighbouring volcano. However, although there is ample evidence of concurrence, the processes of interacting volcanoes and near- to far-field tectonic stress are not well understood. Some studies suggest that volcanic eruptions are triggered if compressive stress acts at the magma system and “squeezes” out magma. Other studies suggest that extensional stress fields facilitate magma rise and thus encourage eruptions, or that fluctuating compression and extension during the passing of seismic waves trigger eruptions. This research topic tries to address some of the important open questions in interaction between stress field and volcanic eruption, though both review papers and new contributions.
Characterization Prediction And Modelling Of The Crustal Present Day In Situ Stresses
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Author : R. Goteti
language : en
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Release Date : 2024-08-01
Characterization Prediction And Modelling Of The Crustal Present Day In Situ Stresses written by R. Goteti and has been published by Geological Society of London this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-08-01 with Science categories.
Geomechanics has a marked impact on the safe and sustainable use of the subsurface. Along with an ongoing demand for hydrocarbon resources there is also a growing emphasis on sustainable subsurface exploitation and development, storage of carbon, hydrogen, energy and (radioactive) waste, as well as sustainable geothermal resource utilization. Such activities are accompanied by an ever-increasing need for higher resolution, fit-for-purpose solutions, workflows and approaches to constrain present-day subsurface stresses and minimize associated uncertainties. Building high fidelity geomechanical-numerical models provides critical input and understanding for diverse engineering designs and construction as well as geoscience applications. Such models greatly contribute towards uncertainty reduction, risk management and risk mitigation during the operational life of a given subsurface development and associated infrastructures (both on and below the surface). This Special Publication contains contributions detailing the latest efforts and perspectives in present-day in-situ stress characterization, prediction and modelling from the borehole to plate-tectonic scale. There is particular emphasis on the uncertainties that are often associated with data and models.
Rock Stress And Its Measurement
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Author : B. Amadei
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Rock Stress And Its Measurement written by B. Amadei and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Rock masses are initially stressed in their current in situ state of stress and to a lesser natural state. Whether one is interested in the extent on the monitoring of stress change. formation of geological structures (folds, faults, The subject of paleostresses is only briefly intrusions, etc. ), the stability of artificial struc discussed. tures (tunnels, caverns, mines, surface excava The last 30 years have seen a major advance our knowledge and understanding of rock tions, etc. ), or the stability of boreholes, a in the in situ or virgin stress field, stress. A large body of data is now available on knowledge of along with other rock mass properties, is the state of stress in the near surface of the needed in order to predict the response of rock Earth's crust (upper 3-4km of the crust). masses to the disturbance associated with those Various theories have been proposed regarding structures. Stress in rock is usually described the origin of in situ stresses and how gravity, within the context of continuum mechanics. It is tectonics, erosion, lateral straining, rock fabric, defined at a point and is represented by a glaciation and deglaciation, topography, curva second-order Cartesian tensor with six compo ture of the Earth and other active geological nents. Because of its definition, rock stress is an features and processes contribute to the current enigmatic and fictitious quantity creating chal in situ stress field.
Gas Migration
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Author : Leonid F. Khilyuk Ph.D.
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2000-07-14
Gas Migration written by Leonid F. Khilyuk Ph.D. and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-07-14 with Science categories.
This breakthrough new book may help save countless lives and avoid enormous losses. It presents a methodology for using gas migration to predict earthquakes and explosive gas buildup. Using rigorous scientific investigation and documented worldwide case histories, this remarkable book presents compelling evidence showing that changes in gas rates, composition, and migration accompany the tectronic events preceding earthquakes and their associated seismic events, such as volcanoes and tsunamis. Because these gas parameters are detectable and measurable, they provide an early warning of seismic activity.Gas Migration is the first book to accumulate, analyze and apply the interdisciplinary knowledge on gas migration and detail its connection to tectronic, seismic, and geologic phenomena. It combines geological, geochemical, geophysical, seismological, and petroleum engineering insights to demonstrate how gas migration and its associated phenomena can be used in earthquake and environmental geohazard identification and prediction. Topics include-·Tectonics and Earthquakes·Gas Migration at Plate Boundaries·Surface Soil-Gas Surveys·Faults and Petroleum Reservoirs·Earthquake Precursors·Whispering Gases·Paths and Mechanics of Gas Migration·Subsidence, Gas Migration, and Seismic Activity·And much moreWith this information, environmental specialists, civil engineers, petroleum geologists, seismologists, and urban planners now have a new and powerful conceptual basis and tool for understanding and perhaps even predicting gas explosions and earthquakes.
Geophysical Abstracts
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1964
Geophysical Abstracts written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1964 with Geophysics categories.
Moment Tensor Solutions
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Author : Sebastiano D'Amico
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-05-12
Moment Tensor Solutions written by Sebastiano D'Amico and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-12 with Science categories.
This book first focuses on the explanation of the theory about focal mechanisms and moment tensor solutions and their role in the modern seismology. The second part of the book compiles several state-of-the-art case studies in different seismotectonic settings of the planet.The assessment of seismic hazard and the reduction of losses due to future earthquakes is probably the most important contribution of seismology to society. In this regard, the understanding of reliable determination seismic source and of its uncertainty can play a key role in contributing to geodynamic investigation, seismic hazard assessment and earthquake studies. In the last two decades, the use of waveforms recorded at local-to-regional distances has increased considerably. Waveform modeling has been used also to estimate faulting parameters of small-to-moderate sized earthquakes.
Engineering Rock Mechanics
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Author : John P Harrison
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2000
Engineering Rock Mechanics written by John P Harrison and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Science categories.
Engineering Rock Mechanics Part II: Illustrative Worked Examples can be used as an independent book or alternatively it complements an earlier publication called Engineering Rock Mechanics: An Introduction to the Principles by the same authors. It contains illustrative worked examples of engineering rock mechanics in action as the subject applies to civil, mining, petroleum and environmental engineering. The book covers the necessary understanding and the key techniques supporting the rock engineering design of structural foundations, dams, rock slopes, wellbores, tunnels, caverns, hydroelectric schemes and mines. There is a question and worked answer presentation with the question and answer sets collated into twenty chapters which match the subject matter of the first book.
Rock Mechanics For Natural Resources And Infrastructure Development Full Papers
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Author : Sergio A.B. Fontoura
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2019-09-03
Rock Mechanics For Natural Resources And Infrastructure Development Full Papers written by Sergio A.B. Fontoura and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-03 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Rock Mechanics for Natural Resources and Infrastructure Development contains the proceedings of the 14th ISRM International Congress (ISRM 2019, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil, 13-19 September 2019). Starting in 1966 in Lisbon, Portugal, the International Society for Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering (ISRM) holds its Congress every four years. At this 14th occasion, the Congress brings together researchers, professors, engineers and students around contemporary themes relevant to rock mechanics and rock engineering. Rock Mechanics for Natural Resources and Infrastructure Development contains 7 Keynote Lectures and 449 papers in ten chapters, covering topics ranging from fundamental research in rock mechanics, laboratory and experimental field studies, and petroleum, mining and civil engineering applications. Also included are the prestigious ISRM Award Lectures, the Leopold Muller Award Lecture by professor Peter K. Kaiser. and the Manuel Rocha Award Lecture by Dr. Quinghua Lei. Rock Mechanics for Natural Resources and Infrastructure Development is a must-read for academics, engineers and students involved in rock mechanics and engineering. Proceedings in Earth and geosciences - Volume 6 The ‘Proceedings in Earth and geosciences’ series contains proceedings of peer-reviewed international conferences dealing in earth and geosciences. The main topics covered by the series include: geotechnical engineering, underground construction, mining, rock mechanics, soil mechanics and hydrogeology.
Global Climatology And Ecodynamics
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Author : Arthur Philip Cracknell
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-11-04
Global Climatology And Ecodynamics written by Arthur Philip Cracknell and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-11-04 with Science categories.
The exclusive role of natural ecosystems is a key factor in the maintenance of the biospheric equilibrium. The current global crisis is largely caused by their dramatic decline by 43% in the past hundred years. Ignoring the immutable laws and limitations which determine the existence of all living things in the biosphere could lead humanity to an ecological catastrophe. This book presents the ecological, demographic, economic and socio-psychological manifestations of the global crisis and outlines the immutable laws and limitations which determine the existence of all living things in the biosphere. The authors are eminently qualified to write about the problems associated with the global crisis and consider the causes behind humanity's conflict with its environment. V. Danilov-Danilian, Associate of the Russian Academy of Sciences and Russia's former Minister of the Environment, and K. Losev, professor at Moscow State university, are leading Russian ecologists and I. Reyf is a journalist who specializes in ecology and global development. Dr. Danilov-Danilian works on the economics of nature management, economic and mathematical model building, sustainable development theory and ecology. Dr Losev is the chief researcher and head of the division of the VINITI. All the authors have published numerous papers, articles and books on such subjects as glaciology, hydrology, environment studies, global change and sustainable development.