Studies On The Chemistry Of Tanning
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Studies On The Chemistry Of Tanning
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Author : Arthur Waldorf Spittell Thomas
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1924
Studies On The Chemistry Of Tanning written by Arthur Waldorf Spittell Thomas and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1924 with Tanning categories.
Tanning Chemistry
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Author : Anthony D Covington
language : en
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
Release Date : 2015-11-09
Tanning Chemistry written by Anthony D Covington and has been published by Royal Society of Chemistry this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-11-09 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Even in the 21st Century, the manufacture of leather retains an air of the dark arts, still somewhat shrouded in the mysteries of a millennia old, craft based industry. Despite the best efforts of a few scientists over the last century or so, much of the understanding of the principles of tanning is still based on received wisdom and experience. Leather is made from (usually) the hides and skins of animals - large animals such as cattle have hides, small animals such as sheep have skins. The skin of any animal is largely composed of the protein collagen, so it is the chemistry of this fibrous protein and the properties it confers to the skin with which the tanner is most concerned. In addition, other components of the skin impact on processing, impact on the chemistry of the material and impact on the properties of the product, leather. Therefore, it is useful to understand the relationships between skin structure at the molecular and macro levels, the changes imposed by modifying the chemistry of the material and the eventual properties of the leather. This book aims to contribute to changing the thinking in the industry, to continue building a body of scientific understanding, aimed at enhancing the sustainability of an industry which produces a unique group of materials, derived from a natural source. The Science of Leather is the only current text on tanning science, and addresses the scientific principles which underpin the processes involved in making leather. It is concerned with the chemical modification of collagen, prior to tanning and the tanning reactions in particular. The subject is covered in the following order: collagen chemistry, collagen structure, skin structure, processing to prepare for tanning, the tanning processes and processing after tanning. The aim of the book is to provide leather scientists and technologists with an understanding of how the reactions work, the nature of their outcomes and how the processes can be controlled and changed. The objective is to synthesise a scientific view of leather making and to arrive at an understanding of the nature of tanning - how the wide range of chemistries employed in the art can change the properties of collagen, making leather with different properties, especially conferring different degrees of stabilisation as measured by the hydrothermal stability. Environmental issues are not treated as a separate theme - the impact of leather making on the environment is a thread running through the text, with the assumption that better understanding of the science of leather making will lead to improved processing. The book also reflects on the ways leather technology may develop in the future based on the foundation of understanding the scientific principles which can be exploited. It also includes a subject index, references and a glossary. The book provides the reader with insights into the role science plays in leather technology and provides fundamental understanding, which should be the basis for scientific and technological research and development for the benefit of the global leather industry. The book is aimed at students, leather scientists and technologists, in both academia and industry, in leather production and in chemical supply houses.
The Chrome Tanning Process
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Author : Ernest Wyndham Merry
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1936
The Chrome Tanning Process written by Ernest Wyndham Merry and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1936 with Tanning categories.
The Chemistry Of Tanning Processes
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Author : Karl Helmer Gustavson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1956
The Chemistry Of Tanning Processes written by Karl Helmer Gustavson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1956 with Tanning categories.
Applicative Chemistry Of Tanning Metallic Heterocomplexes
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Author : Carmen Gaidau
language : en
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers
Release Date : 2013-08-07
Applicative Chemistry Of Tanning Metallic Heterocomplexes written by Carmen Gaidau and has been published by Bentham Science Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-07 with Science categories.
The chemistry of heterocomplex compounds is a fascinating field for experts in chemical synthesis and structural analysis, and for technologists specializing in leather processing. This volume describes the vast theoretical and practical possibilities of exploiting the action synergism of metals with different collagen cross-linking capacity. The possibility of reducing chromium content from leather tanning agents by replacing it with other tanning metals has significant environmental implications and minimum changes in terms of quality and production costs of natural leather, and is a viable alternative for a safe future. Applicative Chemistry of Tanning Metallic Heterocomplexes is a book dedicated to the synthesis and use of tanning metallic heterocomplexes in leather tanning as alternatives to tanning with basic chromium salts. Replacing chromium with other tanning metals is an innovative approach that exploits the possibility that a series of known disadvantages of tanning metals used individually be reduced by heterocomplexation. The synthesis mechanism of stable combinations of chromium with other tanning metals: aluminum, iron, titanium, or zirconium is based on the stoichiometry of oxidation-reduction reactions which enables a wide range of combinations, the premise for obtaining various properties by tanning and retanning natural leather. The volume is intended as a useful reference for researchers, chemical auxiliary producers, experts in natural leather processing who are looking for clean and efficient solutions for wastewater pollutants, sludge or solid wastes while striving to preserve the known characteristics of mineral tanned natural leather.
Physical Chemistry Of Leather Making
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Author : Krzysztof J. Bieńkiewicz
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1983
Physical Chemistry Of Leather Making written by Krzysztof J. Bieńkiewicz and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with Chemistry, Physical and theoretical categories.
The background of scientific principles involved in all leather-maiking processes, from rawhide to finished leather, is presented in this volume. In particular, the text describes and discusses the use of physical chemistry techniques in leather-making phenomena and establishes working principles upon which modern practice is based. The results of international research are also presented.
Further Studies On The Chemistry Of Liming
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Author : George Dunlap McLaughlin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1928
Further Studies On The Chemistry Of Liming written by George Dunlap McLaughlin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1928 with Amines categories.
Science For Students Of Leather Technology
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Author : R. Reed
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2016-05-03
Science For Students Of Leather Technology written by R. Reed and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-03 with Science categories.
Science for Students of Leather Technology is the first of a series of textbooks of leather science and technology designed to assist students at technical colleges and institutes as well as at universities. The book begins with an introduction to leather manufacturing. This is followed by separate chapters on the physical chemistry of solutions needed by students of leather manufacture; types of macromolecules; lipids and their use at various stages of leather manufacture; and the principles of their use as surface agents. Subsequent chapters deal with the general features of skin as an organ; how the skins from different animals may develop their special characteristics; common problems arising from insects and from micro-organisms in leather manufacture; and the structure and reactions of chromium complexes, which are the most widely used tanning agents; and modern views on the structure of the vegetable tannins and of the dyestuffs and pigments. This book is intended for students with a variety of backgrounds. Those whose chemical studies have not proceeded much beyond the elementary level will find considerable difficulty with some sections, especially where the organic chemistry of complex molecules (proteins, carbohydrates, dyes and vegetable tannins) is described. It is, however, possible to supplement the explanations given by reference to standard chemical textbooks, using the subject matter of the present volume as a guide to those sections which would repay further study.
Ecotoxicological Diagnosis In The Tanning Industry
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Author : Mwinyikione Mwinyihija
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-09-11
Ecotoxicological Diagnosis In The Tanning Industry written by Mwinyikione Mwinyihija and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-09-11 with Science categories.
The tanning industry is a major source of pollution worldwide, particularly in developing countries. The major public concern over tanneries has traditionally been about odours and water pollution from untreated discharges. Important poll- ants associated with the tanning industry include chlorides, tannins, chromium, sulphate and sulphides as well as trace organic chemicals and, increasingly, synthetic chemicals such as pesticides, dyes and finishing agents, as well as solvents. These substances are frequently toxic and persistent, and affect both human and environmental health. The primary focus in this book was to identify the recently developed ecoto- cological analytical trends (rapid, simple and inexpensive) related to the tanning industry on terrestrial and aquatic systems. The resultant research data reported, incorporates both field related and laboratory based techniques to address under- ing environmental problems in the tanning sector. The book also includes a chapter to explore the occupational hazards in a tannery environment caused by conta- nated dust. It was important to note that an optical set-up involving microscopy and digital imaging techniques was initially used to determine dust particle numbers and size distributions as a preamble to ascertaining the dust toxicity levels.
The Physical Chemistry Of Dyeing And Tanning
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1954
The Physical Chemistry Of Dyeing And Tanning written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1954 with categories.