Subordinating Intelligence

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Subordinating Intelligence

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Author : David P. Oakley
language : en
Publisher: University Press of Kentucky
Release Date : 2019-03-15

Subordinating Intelligence written by David P. Oakley and has been published by University Press of Kentucky this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-15 with Political Science categories.

In the late eighties and early nineties, driven by the post–Cold War environment and lessons learned during military operations, United States policy makers made intelligence support to the military the Intelligence Community's top priority. In response to this demand, the CIA and DoD instituted policy and organizational changes that altered their relationship with one another. While debates over the future of the Intelligence Community were occurring on Capitol Hill, the CIA and DoD were expanding their relationship in peacekeeping and nation-building operations in Somalia and the Balkans. By the late 1990s, some policy makers and national security professionals became concerned that intelligence support to military operations had gone too far. In Subordinating Intelligence: The DoD/CIA Post–Cold War Relationship, David P. Oakley reveals that, despite these concerns, no major changes to national intelligence or its priorities were implemented. These concerns were forgotten after 9/11, as the United States fought two wars and policy makers increasingly focused on tactical and operational actions. As policy makers became fixated with terrorism and the United States fought in Iraq and Afghanistan, the CIA directed a significant amount of its resources toward global counterterrorism efforts and in support of military operations.

Cultural Intelligence

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Author : P. Christopher Earley
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Release Date : 2003

Cultural Intelligence written by P. Christopher Earley and has been published by Stanford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Business & Economics categories.

In a global market where international teams, initiatives, and joint ventures are increasingly common, it is extremely important for people to integrate themselves in new cultures. Strategies for selecting and training people on global perspectives are critical for managing business. In this book, the authors develop the idea of cultural intelligence and examine its three essential facets: cognition, the ability to develop patterns from cultural cues; motivation, the desire and ability to engage others; and behavior, the capability to act in accordance with cognition and motivation. They explore the fundamental nature of cultural intelligence and its relationship to other frameworks of intelligence.-Back cover.

New Frontiers In Artificial Intelligence

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Author : Akito Sakurai
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2007-07-21

New Frontiers In Artificial Intelligence written by Akito Sakurai and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-07-21 with Computers categories.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed joint post-proceedings of the 17th and 18th annual conferences of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence, JSAI 2003 and JSAI 2004, and co-located international workshops, held in Niigata, Japan in June 2003 and in Kanazawa, Japan in May/June 2004 respectively. It features a number of award winning papers as well as revised full workshop papers from these conferences.

Trends In Natural Language Generation An Artificial Intelligence Perspective

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Author : Giovanni Adorni
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1996-03-13

Trends In Natural Language Generation An Artificial Intelligence Perspective written by Giovanni Adorni and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-03-13 with Computers categories.

This proceedings volume gives an up-to-date overview of the most recent results in the field of plant molecular response to environmental constraints, especially heat, cold, water/drought, salt or light. It centers on molecular approaches in understanding the bases of plant tolerance to physical stresses, links among different environmental stresses, and the manipulation of gene expression by recombinant DNA technology to obtain tolerant transgenic plants.

Routledge Handbook Of Proxy Wars

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Author : Assaf Moghadam
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2023-07-28

Routledge Handbook Of Proxy Wars written by Assaf Moghadam and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-07-28 with Political Science categories.

This Handbook is the first volume to comprehensively examine the challenges, intricacies, and dynamics of proxy wars, in their various facets. The volume aims to capture the significantly growing interest in the topic at a critical juncture when wars of many guises are becoming multifaceted proxy wars. Most often, proxy wars have wide-ranging implications for international security and are, therefore, a critically important subject of inquiry. The Handbook seeks to understand and explain proxy wars conceptually, theoretically, and empirically, with a focus on the numerous policy challenges and dilemmas they pose. To do so, it presents a multi- and interdisciplinary assessment of proxy wars focused on the causes, dynamics, and processes underpinning the phenomenon, across time and space and a multitude of actors throughout human history. The Handbook is divided into six thematic sections, as follows: Part I: Approaches to the Study of Proxy Wars Part II: Historical Perspectives on Proxy Wars Part III: Actors in Proxy Wars Part IV: Dynamics of Proxy Wars Part V: Case Studies of Proxy Wars Part VI: The Future of Proxy Wars By bringing together many leading scholars in a synthesis of expertise, this Handbook provides a unique and rigorous account of research into proxy war, which so far has been largely missing from the debate. This book will be of much interest to students of strategic studies, security studies, foreign policy, political violence, and International Relations.

Deploying Ourselves

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Author : David A. Westbrook
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-12-03

Deploying Ourselves written by David A. Westbrook and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-03 with Social Science categories.

In Deploying Ourselves, David A. Westbrook puts the case for major reform of US national security. He argues that today's national security establishment is outdated and entrenched in a model of defence more befitting the post-World War II Cold War era than today's realities. In a world without military peers, Westbrook argues, the US must re-create its institutions in order to wield influence globally, based on co-operation with other states and groups. Deploying Ourselves includes specific proposals to make US national security institutions more democratically accountable.

The Cia And Congress

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Author : David M. Barrett
language : en
Publisher: University Press of Kansas
Release Date : 2017-05-12

The Cia And Congress written by David M. Barrett and has been published by University Press of Kansas this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-05-12 with History categories.

From its inception more than half a century ago and for decades afterward, the Central Intelligence Agency was deeply shrouded in secrecy, with little or no real oversight by Congress—or so many Americans believe. David M. Barrett reveals, however, that during the agency’s first fifteen years, Congress often monitored the CIA’s actions and plans, sometimes aggressively. Drawing on a wealth of newly declassified documents, research at some two dozen archives, and interviews with former officials, Barrett provides an unprecedented and often colorful account of relations between American spymasters and Capitol Hill. He chronicles the CIA’s dealings with senior legislators who were haunted by memories of our intelligence failure at Pearl Harbor and yet riddled with fears that such an organization might morph into an American Gestapo. He focuses in particular on the efforts of Congress to monitor, finance, and control the agency’s activities from the creation of the national security state in 1947 through the planning for the ill-fated Bay of Pigs invasion in 1961. Along the way, Barrett highlights how Congress criticized the agency for failing to predict the first Soviet atomic test, the startling appearance of Sputnik over American air space, and the overthrow of Iraq’s pro-American government in 1958. He also explores how Congress viewed the CIA’s handling of Senator McCarthy’s charges of communist infiltration, the crisis created by the downing of a U-2 spy plane, and President Eisenhower’s complaint that Congress meddled too much in CIA matters. Ironically, as Barrett shows, Congress itself often pushed the agency to expand its covert operations against other nations. The CIA and Congress provides a much-needed historical perspective for current debates in Congress and beyond concerning the agency’s recent failures and ultimate fate. In our post-9/11 era, it shows that anxieties over the challenges to democracy posed by our intelligence communities have been with us from the very beginning.

Intelligence And The State

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Author : Jonathan House
language : en
Publisher: Naval Institute Press
Release Date : 2022-04-15

Intelligence And The State written by Jonathan House and has been published by Naval Institute Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-04-15 with History categories.

In the eighty years since Pearl Harbor, the United States has developed a professional intelligence community that is far more effective than most people acknowledge--in part because only intelligence failures see the light of day, while successful collection and analysis remain secret for decades. Intelligence and the State explores the relationship between the community tasked to research and assess intelligence and the national decision makers it serves. The book argues that in order to accept intelligence as a profession, it must be viewed as a non-partisan resource to assist key players in understanding foreign societies and leaders. Those who review these classified findings are sometimes so invested in their preferred policy outcomes that they refuse to accept information that conflicts with preconceived notions. Rather than demanding that intelligence evaluations conform to administration policies, a wise executive should welcome a source of information that has not “drunk the Kool-Aid“ by supporting a specific policy decision. Jonathan M. House offers a brief overview of the nature of national intelligence, and especially of the potential for misperception and misunderstanding on the part of executives and analysts. Furthermore, House examines the rise of intelligence organizations first in Europe and then in the United States. In those regions fear of domestic subversion and radicalism drove the need for foreign surveillance. This perception of a domestic threat tempted policy makers and intelligence officers alike to engage in covert action and other policy-based, partisan activities that colored their understanding of their adversaries. Such biases go far to explain the inability of Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union to predict and deal effectively with their opponents. The development of American agencies and their efforts differed to some degree from these European precedents but experienced some of the same problems as the Europeans, especially during the early decades of the Cold War. By now, however, the intelligence community has become a stable and effective part of the national security structure. House concludes with a historical examination of familiar instances in which intelligence allegedly failed to warn national leaders of looming attacks, ranging from the 1941 German invasion of the USSR to the Arab surprise attack on Israel in 1973.

Reforming Intelligence

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Author : Thomas C. Bruneau
language : en
Publisher: University of Texas Press
Release Date : 2009-04-20

Reforming Intelligence written by Thomas C. Bruneau and has been published by University of Texas Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-04-20 with Political Science categories.

These days, it's rare to pick up a newspaper and not see a story related to intelligence. From the investigations of the 9/11 commission, to accusations of illegal wiretapping, to debates on whether it's acceptable to torture prisoners for information, intelligence—both accurate and not—is driving domestic and foreign policy. And yet, in part because of its inherently secretive nature, intelligence has received very little scholarly study. Into this void comes Reforming Intelligence, a timely collection of case studies written by intelligence experts, and sponsored by the Center for Civil-Military Relations (CCMR) at the Naval Postgraduate School, that collectively outline the best practices for intelligence services in the United States and other democratic states. Reforming Intelligence suggests that intelligence is best conceptualized as a subfield of civil-military relations, and is best compared through institutions. The authors examine intelligence practices in the United States, United Kingdom, and France, as well as such developing democracies as Brazil, Taiwan, Argentina, and Russia. While there is much more data related to established democracies, there are lessons to be learned from states that have created (or re-created) intelligence institutions in the contemporary political climate. In the end, reading about the successes of Brazil and Taiwan, the failures of Argentina and Russia, and the ongoing reforms in the United States yields a handful of hard truths. In the murky world of intelligence, that's an unqualified achievement.

Intelligence

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Author : Ngoc Lung Hoang
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1982

Intelligence written by Ngoc Lung Hoang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1982 with Military intelligence categories.